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Terebratulidae
Taxonomy
Terebratulidae was named by Gray (1840). It is extant.
It was assigned to Articulata by Huxley (1869); to Articulata by Pacaud and Le Renard (1995); to Terebratulacea by Marasti (1973), Cooper (1993), Craig (2000) and Atrops and Alméras (2005); and to Terebratuloidea by Bitner and Martinell (2001), Bitner and Crame (2002), Williams et al. (2006) and Emig et al. (2013).
It was assigned to Articulata by Huxley (1869); to Articulata by Pacaud and Le Renard (1995); to Terebratulacea by Marasti (1973), Cooper (1993), Craig (2000) and Atrops and Alméras (2005); and to Terebratuloidea by Bitner and Martinell (2001), Bitner and Crame (2002), Williams et al. (2006) and Emig et al. (2013).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1840 | Terebratulidae Gray |
| 1869 | Terebratulidae Huxley p. 116 |
| 1973 | Terebratulidae Marasti p. 113 |
| 1993 | Terebratulidae Cooper p. 1 |
| 1995 | Terebratulidae Pacaud and Le Renard p. 151 |
| 2000 | Terebratulidae Craig p. 118 |
| 2000 | Kossmatithyris Radulović and Ramamoorthy p. 117 |
| 2000 | Kossmatithyris obovata Radulović and Ramamoorthy p. 117 figs. Pl 1, fig 7 |
| 2001 | Terebratulidae Bitner and Martinell p. 180 |
| 2002 | Terebratulidae Bitner and Crame p. 78 |
| 2005 | Terebratulidae Atrops and Alméras p. 665 |
| 2006 | Terebratulidae Williams et al. p. 2054 |
| 2013 | Terebratulidae Emig et al. p. 77 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. Terebratulidae Gray 1840
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G. †Arapsothyris Cooper 1989
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G. †Blandfordithyris Radulović and Ramamoorthy 2000
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†Blandfordithyris depressa Sahni 1960
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Invalid names: Terebratula (Neoliothyrina) arriyalurica Sahni 1960 [synonym], Terebratula (Neoliothyrina) mulurensis Sahni 1960 [synonym]
Subfm. Dallithyridinae Katz and Popov 1974
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G. Dallithyris
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Subg. Dallithyris (Dallichozygus) Cooper 1983
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Dallithyris (Dallichozygus) sternsi Dall and Pilsbry 1891
Subg. Dallithyris (Epacrosina) Cooper 1983
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Dallithyris (Epacrosina) elongata Cooper 1977
Dallithyris (Epacrosina) fulva Blochmann 1906
Subg. Dallithyris (Stenobrochus) Cooper 1983
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Invalid names: Dallithyris (Stenosarina) Cooper 1977 [synonym]
Dallithyris cernica Crosse 1873
Dallithyris crosnieri Cooper 1983
Dallithyris dubia Cooper 1981
Dallithyris murrayi Muir-Wood 1959
Dallithyris pacifica Bitner 2006
†Dallithyris sphenoidea Philippi 1844
Subfm. Gryphinae Sahni 1929
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G. Gryphus Megerle von Mühlfeld 1811
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†Gryphus angularis Hayasaka 1922
Gryphus capensis Jackson 1952
†Gryphus carneoides Guppy 1866
Gryphus clarkeana Dall 1894
†Gryphus cookei Cooper 1979
Gryphus dalli Cooper 1983
†Gryphus hanzawai Yabe and Hatai 1935
†Gryphus kickxii Galeotti 1837
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Invalid names: Gryphus akkajensis Zelinskaja 1975 [synonym], Gryphus globosus Zelinskaja 1975 [synonym], Gryphus kinderlensis Nechrikova 1970 [synonym], Gryphus poculoformis Zelinskaja 1975 [synonym], Terebratula (Waldheimia) hilarionis Davidson 1870 [synonym], Terebratula dinerensis d'Archiac 1866 [synonym], Terebratula phrygia d'Archiac 1866 [synonym]
†Gryphus kurotakiensis Hatai 1948
†Gryphus lentiformis Jin et al. 1976
†Gryphus minor Philippi 1836
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Invalid names: Terebratula affinis Calcara 1845 [synonym], Terebratula lyelliana Seguenza 1865 [synonym]
†Gryphus miocaenicus Michelotti 1847
†Gryphus oakvilleensis Weaver 1912
†Gryphus parvus Cooper 1979
†Gryphus radiata Hatai 1936
†Gryphus rovasendianus Seguenza 1866
†Gryphus stantoni Maury 1912
Gryphus tokionis Dall 1920
†Gryphus vaughani Cooke 1919
†Gryphus vitrea Born 1778
†Gryphus vitreus Born 1778
†Gryphus washingtonensis Hertlein and Grant IV 1944
†Gryphus yatungensis Jin et al. 1976
G. †Indothyris Radulović and Ramamoorthy 2000
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†Indothyris acutiplicata Sahni 1960
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Invalid names: Terebratula (Neoliothyrina) elongata Sahni 1960 [synonym], Terebratula (Neoliothyrina) gracilis Sahni 1960 [synonym]
Subfm. †Loboidothyrinae Makridin 1964
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Subfm. †Plicatoriinae Cooper 1983
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G. †Plicatoria Cooper 1983
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†Plicatoria parva Cooper 1988
†Plicatoria ventricosa Cooper 1988
†Plicatoria wilmingtonensis Lyell and Sowerby 1845
Invalid names: Embolosia Cooper 1983 [synonym]
Subfm. Terebratulinae Gray 1840
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G. Acrobrochus Cooper 1983
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†Acrobrochus aldingi Tate 1880
Acrobrochus blochmanni Jackson 1912
Acrobrochus hendleri Cooper 1982
†Acrobrochus landonensis Thomson 1918
†Acrobrochus tateana Tenison-Woods 1878
Acrobrochus vema Cooper 1973
G. †Giraliathyris Craig 2000
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†Giraliathyris jubileensis Craig 2000
†Giraliathyris kaitrinae Craig 2000
†Giraliathyris mcnamarai Craig 2000
G. Liothyrella Thomson 1916
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†Liothyrella anderssoni Owen 1980
Liothyrella antarctica Blochmann 1906
†Liothyrella archboldi Craig 1999
†Liothyrella brimmellae Craig 1999
†Liothyrella bulbosa Tate 1880
†Liothyrella concentrica Hutton 1873
Liothyrella delsolari Cooper 1982
Liothyrella expansa Cooper 1982
Liothyrella fosteri Cooper 1982
†Liothyrella gravida Suess 1864
†Liothyrella labiata Craig 2001
Liothyrella longorum Craig 2000
Liothyrella moseleyi Davidson 1878
Liothyrella multiporosa Foster 1974
Liothyrella neozelanica Thomson 1918
Liothyrella notoradensis Jackson 1912
Liothyrella oblonga Cooper 1973
Liothyrella ovata Thomson 1918
Liothyrella scotti Foster 1974
†Liothyrella subcarnea Tate 1880
Liothyrella uva clarkeana Dall 1895
†Liothyrella villattae Pajaud 1970
†Liothyrella vitrioides Tenison-Woods 1878
Liothyrella winteri Blochmann 1906
Invalid names: Dolichosina Cooper 1983 [synonym], Mimorina Cooper 1983 [synonym]
G. †Maltaia Cooper 1983
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†Maltaia costae Seguenza 1871
†Maltaia maltensis Cooper 1983
†Maltaia pajaudi García Ramos 2006
G. †Pliothyrina
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†Pliothyrina grandis Blumenbach 1803
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Invalid names: Terebratula subrhomboidea Speyer 1860 [synonym]
†Pliothyrina harmeri Bell 1921
†Pliothyrina orfordi Muir-Wood 1938
Invalid names: Apletosia Cooper 1983 [synonym]
G. Terebratula Müller 1776
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Subg. †Terebratula (Waldheimia) King 1850
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†Terebratula (Waldheimia) timorensis Krumbeck 1924
Subg. †Waldheimia (Zeilleria) Bayle 1878
†Waldheimia carinata Lamarck 1877
†Waldheimia mutabilis Oppel 1861
†Waldheimia neohispanica Böse 1923
†Waldheimia pentagona Kutorga 1842
†Waldheimia planoconvexa Bittner 1902
†Waldheimia porrecta Bittner 1904
†Waldheimia schlosseri Dacque 1905
†Waldheimia waldeggiana Zugmayer 1882
†Waldheimia woodwardi Walker 1867
†Terebratula aequalis Klipstein 1843
†Terebratula ampulla Brocchi 1814
†Terebratula anatina de Loriol 1895
†Terebratula arabilis Forbes 1846
†Terebratula bartonensis Muir-Wood 1933
†Terebratula bipartita Münster 1841
†Terebratula birdlipensis Rollier 1918
†Terebratula bisuffarcinata Noetling 1887
†Terebratula brevirostris Szajnocha 1879
†Terebratula bronni Klipstein 1843
†Terebratula bukowskii Bittner 1902
†Terebratula bussoni Dubar 1967
†Terebratula calabra Seguenza 1871
†Terebratula campaniensis d'Orbigny 1847
†Terebratula coahuilensis Imlay 1940
†Terebratula cogidumni Elliott 1954
†Terebratula coreyi Hertlein and Grant IV 1944
†Terebratula crassa d'Archiac 1847
†Terebratula djeffarae Dubar 1967
†Terebratula doueensis Rollier 1918
†Terebratula durrelli Anderson 1938
†Terebratula flemingii Davidson 1862
†Terebratula fragilis Schlotheim 1814
†Terebratula furciliensis Haas 1890
†Terebratula gesneri Etalon 1861
†Terebratula gesneri sensu Etalon 1861
†Terebratula gomesi Choffat 1947
†Terebratula gortanii Jaboli 1959
†Terebratula grossulus Suess 1840
†Terebratula hannana Anderson 1938
†Terebratula hoernesi Suess 1886
†Terebratula intervallata Bittner 1892
†Terebratula italica Bitner and Dieni 2005
†Terebratula kanei Imlay 1940
†Terebratula kemenczeiensis Majer 1915
†Terebratula kittlii Bittner 1902
†Terebratula lacunosa Thunberg 1789
†Terebratula laczkoi Bittner 1912
†Terebratula lamberti Douville 1886
†Terebratula lamellosa Thomson and Owen 1979
†Terebratula lapichensis Pajaud 1970
†Terebratula laricimontana Bittner 1890
†Terebratula latissima Sowerby 1829
†Terebratula liscaviensis Giebel 1856
†Terebratula liusa Pajaud 1972
†Terebratula macrescens Dreger 1889
†Terebratula marbachensis Rollier 1918
†Terebratula marylandica Roberts 1922
†Terebratula matmatensis Dubar 1967
†Terebratula maxima Friedberg 1924
†Terebratula minuta Moore 1861
Terebratula moseleyi Davidson 1878
†Terebratula movelierensis Mühlberg 1900
†Terebratula neglecta Bittner 1904
†Terebratula pachydentata Trechmann 1917
†Terebratula pectunculus Quenstedt 1858
†Terebratula perforata Desnoyers 1825
†Terebratula phillipsii Morris and Davidson 1847
†Terebratula praecox Bittner 1902
†Terebratula pseudoscillae Sacco 1902
†Terebratula quinqueplicata Zieten 1830
†Terebratula ranieri Catullo 1842
†Terebratula retrocarinata Rothpletz 1886
†Terebratula rulliacensis Bouillerie 1922
†Terebratula salvatoris Greco 1899
†Terebratula scillae Segeunza 1871
†Terebratula seccoi Parona 1882
†Terebratula semicostata Münster 1841
†Terebratula sillimani Imlay 1937
†Terebratula sinuosa Brocchi 1814
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Invalid names: Anomia pedemontana Lamarck 1818 [synonym], Terebratula maugerii Boni 1933 [synonym]
†Terebratula siracusana Seguenza 1871
†Terebratula sphenoidalis Meneghini 1874
†Terebratula spinosa Valenciennes 1819
†Terebratula spondylodes Smith 1817
†Terebratula sturi Laube 1865
†Terebratula sturii Laube 1865
†Terebratula styriaca Dreger 1889
†Terebratula suborbicularis Münster 1841
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Invalid names: Terebratula semiplicata Klipstein 1843 [synonym]
†Terebratula subturgidula Krumbeck 1924
†Terebratula superstes Douvillé 1916
†Terebratula suspecta Bittner 1902
†Terebratula suttonensis Clapp and Shimer 1911
†Terebratula tamaulipana Imlay 1937
†Terebratula taurolata Sacco 1902
†Terebratula tenniensis Rollier 1918
†Terebratula terebratula Linnaeus 1758
†Terebratula tetragona Roemer 1839
†Terebratula thurmanni Rollier 1918
Terebratula transversa Sowerby 1846
†Terebratula trifonovi Jassjukevitch 1973
†Terebratula trigona Quenstedt 1852
Terebratula unguiculus Carpenter 1864
†Terebratula veszpremica Bittner 1890
†Terebratula vitrea Born 1778
†Terebratula wittnichi Choffat 1880
Terebratula wyvilli Davidson 1878
Subfm. Tichosininae Cooper 1983
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G. Tichosina Cooper 1977
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Tichosina abrupta Cooper 1977
Tichosina bahamiensis Cooper 1977
Tichosina barschi Cooper 1934
†Tichosina bartletti Dall 1920
Tichosina cubensis Pourtales 1867
Tichosina erecta Cooper 1977
Tichosina expansa Cooper 1977
Tichosina floridensis Cooper 1977
†Tichosina foresti Cooper 1979
†Tichosina guppyi Cooper 1979
†Tichosina inconstanta Harper and Donovan 2007
†Tichosina insolita Cooper 1979
†Tichosina lecta Guppy 1866
Tichosina martinicensis Dall 1920
Tichosina ovata Cooper 1977
Tichosina rotundovata Cooper 1977
Tichosina subtriangulata Cooper 1977
†Tichosina trinitatensis Guppy 1866
Tichosina truncata Cooper 1977
Invalid names: Eurysina Cooper 1983 [synonym]
Invalid names: Cheirothyrinae Makridin 1964 [empty], Dictyothyrinae Makridin 1964 [empty], Kossmatithyris Radulović and Ramamoorthy 2000 [nomen nudum], Lobothyrinae Makridin 1964 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
| part | N | mean | |||||
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| shell height | 1 | 6.60 |
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| Source: f = family, c = class, p = phylum, uc = unranked clade | |||||
| References: Nesnidal et al. 2013, Aberhan et al. 2004 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Eifelian to the top of the Holocene or 393.30000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 382.7 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 382.7 Ma
Collections (904 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eifelian - Givetian | USA (Nevada) | T. spp. (94249) | |
| Wordian | Australia (New South Wales) | Terebratula sp. (98110 133337) | |
| Wuchiapingian | Australia (Northern Territory) | Terebratulidae indet. (74749) | |
| Griesbachian - Dienerian | Svalbard and Jan Mayen | Terebratula wittenburgi (211949) | |
| Triassic | USA (Alaska) | Terebratula sp. (112296) | |
| Dienerian | Svalbard and Jan Mayen | Terebratula margaritori (212784) | |
| Anisian | Italy (South Tyrol) | Terebratula vulgaris (205097) | |
| Anisian | Hungary (Bakony) | Terebratula vulgaris (203241 203266) | |
| Anisian | Svalbard and Jan Mayen | Terebratula sp. (211959) | |
| Anisian | Germany (Thuringia) | Terebratula angusta (212635) | |
| Anisian | Italy | Terebratula sp. nov. (137009) Terebratula vulgaris (136187) | |
| Anisian | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Terebratula kittlii (206720) Terebratula venetiana (206611) | |
| Illyrian | Germany | Terebratula laricimontana (136995) | |
| Illyrian | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Terebratula sp. (137002) | |
| Illyrian | Hungary (Bakony) | Terebratula vulgaris (203242) | |
| Pelsonian | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Terebratula vulgaris (206612) | |
| Anisian - Ladinian | Italy (Udine) | Waldheimia planoconvexa (203796) | |
| Anisian - Ladinian | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Terebratula kittlii (203815) Terebratula vulgaris, Terebratula suspecta (203799 203800) | |
| Anisian - Ladinian | Serbia and Montenegro | Terebratula praecox (203795) Terebratula praecox, Terebratula bukowskii (203797) | |
| Middle Triassic | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Terebratula praecox (203840 203842) Terebratula vulgaris (206735) | |