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Neospiriferinae
Taxonomy
Neospiriferinae was named by Waterhouse (1968).
It was reranked as the family Neospiriferidae by Waterhouse (2004).
It was assigned to Spiriferidae by Shen et al. (2003); to Spiriferoidea by Waterhouse (2004); and to Trigonotretidae by Williams et al. (2006).
It was reranked as the family Neospiriferidae by Waterhouse (2004).
It was assigned to Spiriferidae by Shen et al. (2003); to Spiriferoidea by Waterhouse (2004); and to Trigonotretidae by Williams et al. (2006).
Subtaxa
Betaneospirifer, Blasispirifer, Cartorhium, Costatispirifer, Crassispirifer, Cratispirifer, Fasciculatia (syn. Gobbettifera), Fusispirifer (syn. Transversaria), Fusispiriferinae, Gibbospirifer, Gypospirifer, Imperiospira, Kaninospirifer, Kaninospiriferinae, Lepidospirifer, Lutuginia, Maxwellispirifer, Neospirifer (syn. Wadispirifer), Occidalia, Pondospirifer, Saltospirifer, Septospirifer, Simplicisulcus, Spiriferalaria, Tibetospirifer
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1968 | Neospiriferinae Waterhouse |
| 2003 | Neospiriferinae Shen et al. p. 83 |
| 2004 | Neospiriferidae Waterhouse |
| 2006 | Neospiriferinae Williams et al. p. 1789 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Subfm. †Neospiriferinae Waterhouse 1968
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G. †Betaneospirifer Gatinaud 1949
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†Betaneospirifer ambiensis Waagen 1883
†Betaneospirifer marcoui Waagen 1883
†Betaneospirifer moosakhailensis Davidson 1862
†Betaneospirifer neomarcoui Licharew 1942
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Invalid names: Neospirifer kubeiensis Ting 1962 [synonym]
†Betaneospirifer ravaniformis Waterhouse 1978
†Betaneospirifer shii Waterhouse 2004
G. †Blasispirifer Kulikov 1950
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†Blasispirifer blasii de Verneuil 1845
†Blasispirifer multiplicicostatus Netschajew 1894
†Blasispirifer reedi Licharew 1978
†Blasispirifer vagaensis Licharew 1927
†Blasispirifer warchensis Reed 1931
G. †Cartorhium Cooper and Grant 1976
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†Cartorhium alisangensis Termier et al. 1974
†Cartorhium chelomatum Cooper and Grant 1976
†Cartorhium coristum Cooper and Grant 1976
†Cartorhium imperfectum Archbold 1993
†Cartorhium latum King 1931
†Cartorhium lunwalensis Reed 1944
†Cartorhium mexicanum Shumard 1858
†Cartorhium multiradiatus Reed 1944
†Cartorhium orbiculatum Cooper and Grant 1976
†Cartorhium retusum Cooper and Grant 1976
†Cartorhium rhomboidalis Jin and Ye 1979
†Cartorhium twifurcifer Xu and Grant 1994
†Cartorhium vidriense Cooper and Grant 1976
†Cartorhium xikouensis Xu and Grant 1994
†Cartorhium zoyei Cooper and Grant 1976
G. †Crassispirifer Archbold and Thomas 1985
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†Crassispirifer acuta Waterhouse 2004
†Crassispirifer broilii Waterhouse 2004
†Crassispirifer chospochtschonicus Abramov and Grigorieva 1988
†Crassispirifer condoni Archbold and Shi 1993
†Crassispirifer galinae Manankov 2019
†Crassispirifer jakuschewae Abramov and Grigorieva 1988
†Crassispirifer kimberleyensis Foord 1890
†Crassispirifer koargychanensis Zavodowsky 1970
†Crassispirifer monumentalis Abramov and Grigorieva 1988
†Crassispirifer pinguis Archbold and Thomas 1985
†Crassispirifer rostalinus Hosking 1931
†Crassispirifer striatiformis Zhang 1976
†Crassispirifer timorensis Martin 1881
†Crassispirifer transversa Waterhouse 2004
G. †Cratispirifer Archbold and Thomas 1985
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†Cratispirifer barchatovae Abramov and Grigorieva 1988
†Cratispirifer macroplica Waterhouse 2004
†Cratispirifer nuraensis Archbold and Thomas 1985
G. †Fasciculatia Waterhouse 2004
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†Fasciculatia adpressa Liu and Waterhouse 1985
†Fasciculatia angulata Waterhouse 2004
†Fasciculatia groenwalli Dunbar 1962
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Invalid names: Spirifer striatoplicatus Gobbett 1964 [synonym]
†Fasciculatia incertiplicata Pavlova 1991
†Fasciculatia striatoparadoxa Toula 1873
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Invalid names: Fasciculatia greenlandicus Waterhouse 2004 [synonym], Neospirifer sulcoprofundus Liu and Waterhouse 1985 [synonym]
Invalid names: Gobbettifera Waterhouse 2004 [synonym]
G. †Fusispirifer Waterhouse 1966
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†Fusispirifer avicula Morris 1845
†Fusispirifer byroensis Glauert 1912
†Fusispirifer carnarvonensis Archbold and Thomas 1987
†Fusispirifer coolkilyaensis Archbold 1988
†Fusispirifer cundlegoensis Archbold and Thomas 1987
†Fusispirifer gegyaiensis Sun 1991
†Fusispirifer jini Waterhouse 2004
†Fusispirifer kedonensis Einor 1959
†Fusispirifer kennediensis Archbold and Thomas 1987
†Fusispirifer legrandblainae Archbold and Thomas 1987
†Fusispirifer marcouiformis Jin 1976
†Fusispirifer nitiensis Diener 1897
†Fusispirifer quinnaniensis Archbold and Thomas 1987
†Fusispirifer semiplicata Jin 1976
†Fusispirifer subovalis Abramov and Grigorieva 1988
†Fusispirifer wandageensis Archbold and Thomas 1987
Invalid names: Spirifera avicula Sowerby 1844 [nomen vanum], Transversaria [synonym]
Subfm. †Fusispiriferinae Waterhouse 2004
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G. †Gypospirifer Cooper and Grant 1976
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†Gypospirifer anancites Cooper and Grant 1976
†Gypospirifer condor d'Orbigny 1842
†Gypospirifer gryphus Cooper and Grant 1976
†Gypospirifer infraplicus King 1931
†Gypospirifer kobiyamai Tazawa and Araki 2013
†Gypospirifer nelsoni Cooper and Grant 1976
†Gypospirifer volatilis Duan and Li 1985
G. †Imperiospira Archbold and Thomas 1993
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†Imperiospira bambadhurensis Diener 1903
†Imperiospira campbelli Archbold and Thomas 1993
†Imperiospira dickinsi Archbold and Thomas 1993
†Imperiospira franzjosefi Archbold and Thomas 1993
G. †Kaninospirifer Stepanov and Kulikov 1975
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†Kaninospirifer borealis Stepanov and Kulikov 1975
†Kaninospirifer costellinus Waterhouse 2004
†Kaninospirifer kaninensis Licharew 1943
†Kaninospirifer stepanovi Grunt 2006
G. †Lepidospirifer Cooper and Grant 1969
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†Lepidospirifer angulatus Cooper and Grant 1969
†Lepidospirifer costellus King 1931
†Lepidospirifer demissus Cooper and Grant 1976
†Lepidospirifer inferus Cooper and Grant 1976
†Lepidospirifer miyakei Tazawa and Shen 1997
G. †Neospirifer Fredericks 1919
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Subg. †Neospirifer (Neospirifer) Fredericks 1919
Subg. †Neospirifer (Quadrospira) Archbold 1997
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†Neospirifer (Quadrospira) tibetensis Ting 1962
†Quadrospira crassicostatus Waterhouse 1983
†Quadrospira hardmani Foord 1890
†Quadrospira plicatus Archbold and Thomas 1986
†Quadrospira postplicatus Archbold and Thomas 1986
†Quadrospira preplicatus Hogeboom 1999
†Quadrospira woolagensis Archbold 1997
†Neospirifer amphigyus Cooper and Grant 1976
†Neospirifer amplus Archbold and Thomas 1986
†Neospirifer apothescelus Cooper and Grant 1976
†Neospirifer bakeri King 1931
†Neospirifer borealis Manankov 2019
†Neospirifer cameratiformis Hu 1983
†Neospirifer cameratus Morton 1836
†Neospirifer campbelli Maxwell 1964
†Neospirifer chivatschensis Zavodowsky 1968
†Neospirifer crassiconchialis Zavodovsky 1959
†Neospirifer dunbari King 1933
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†Neospirifer triplicatus alatus Dunbar and Condra 1932
Invalid names: Spirifer triplicata Hall 1852 [replaced]
†Neospirifer fasciger Keyserling 1846
†Neospirifer foordi Archbold and Thomas 1986
†Neospirifer formulosus Cooper and Grant 1976
†Neospirifer goreii Mather 1915
†Neospirifer goreii brevimarginatus Hoare 1960
†Neospirifer gortani Heritsch 1931
†Neospirifer grandis Solomina 1988
†Neospirifer gruenewaldtianus Yanischevsky 1900
†Neospirifer huecoensis King 1931
†Neospirifer incipiens Plodowski 1968
†Neospirifer invisus Zavodovsky 1958
†Neospirifer kalashnikovi Waterhouse 2004
†Neospirifer kansasensis Swallow 1866
†Neospirifer koewbaidhoni Yanagida 1967
†Neospirifer lanceolatus Ivanov and Ivanova 1937
†Neospirifer latus Dunbar and Condra 1932
†Neospirifer licharewi Abramov 1970
†Neospirifer mansuetus Cooper and Grant 1976
†Neospirifer mengjiushanensis Lee and Su 1980
†Neospirifer neali Cooper and Grant 1976
†Neospirifer neocameratus Stepanov 1998
†Neospirifer neostriatus Fredericks 1919
†Neospirifer notialis Cooper and Grant 1976
†Neospirifer omolonensis Einor 1959
†Neospirifer orientalis Chao 1929
†Neospirifer paranitiensis Zavodowsky 1960
†Neospirifer parenensis Zavodowsky 1968
†Neospirifer permicus Ifanova 1972
†Neospirifer placidus Cooper and Grant 1976
†Neospirifer plana Chen 2004
†Neospirifer poletaevi Waterhouse 2004
†Neospirifer praenuntius Easton 1962
†Neospirifer pristinus Maxwell 1951
†Neospirifer pseudonitiensis Plodowski 1968
†Neospirifer rhomboidalis Kalashnikov 1998
†Neospirifer rhomboides Feng 1986
†Neospirifer shenshuensis Lee and Su 1980
†Neospirifer snjatkovi Zavodowsky 1968
†Neospirifer sodalis Reed 1944
†Neospirifer sterlitamakensis Gerassimov 1929
†Neospirifer subfasciger Licharew 1934
†Neospirifer tajmyrica Einor 1959
†Neospirifer tegulatus Trautschold 1876
†Neospirifer tricostatus Zavodowsky 1968
†Neospirifer trimuensis Reed 1944
†Neospirifer undatus Reed 1944
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Invalid names: Aperispirifer naubauriensis Plodowski 1968 [synonym]
†Neospirifer venezuelensis Gerth 1931
†Neospirifer wynneiformis Zavodovsky 1959
†Spirifer (Neospirifer) bakeri King 1931
†Spirifer (Neospirifer) huecoensis King 1931
Invalid names: Wadispirifer Waterhouse 2004 [synonym]
G. †Occidalia Archbold 1997
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†Occidalia mingenewensis Archbold 1996
†Occidalia plicatus Waterhouse 1966
†Occidalia shahi Archbold 1997
G. †Pondospirifer Waterhouse 1978
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†Pondospirifer crassiconcha Waterhouse and Chen 2007
†Pondospirifer magnificus Waterhouse 1978
G. †Simplicisulcus Waterhouse 2002
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†Simplicisulcus arthurtonensis Waterhouse 1968
†Simplicisulcus concentricus Waterhouse 1987
†Simplicisulcus scabrosa Reed 1944
Invalid names: Kaninospiriferinae Kalashnikov 1996 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: o = order, c = class, p = phylum, uc = unranked clade | |||||
| References: Aberhan et al. 2004, Nesnidal et al. 2013 | |||||
Age range: base of the Holkerian to the top of the Changhsingian or 346.70000 to 252.17000 Ma
Collections (1682 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Paleozoic - Triassic | Chile (Ovalle) | Neospirifer sp. (222433) | |
| Kinderhookian - Osagean | USA (Utah) | Spirifer cameratus (13361) | |
| Carboniferous - Chesterian | USA (Utah) | Neospirifer triplicatus (13363) | |
| Mississippian | USA (Alaska) | Spirifer cameratus (112174) | |
| Mississippian | USA (Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Utah, California) | Neospirifer sp. (12346) | |
| Mississippian | USA (Arizona) | Neospirifer dunbari (13249) | |
| Carboniferous | USA (Nevada) | Neospirifer cameratus, Neospirifer triplicatus (12785) | |
| Carboniferous | USA (New Mexico) | Neospirifer sp. (9857 9868 9869 9953) | |
| Carboniferous | USA (Texas) | Neospirifer sp., Neospirifer triplicatus (1119) Neospirifer triplicatus (1098 1120 1121) | |
| Carboniferous | USA (Missouri) | Neospirifer sp. (116) | |
Youngest occurrences |
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| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | PBDB collection number |
| Changhsingian | New Zealand | Neospirifer nelsonensis (52774 52776) Neospirifer sp. (52245) Trigonotreta arthurtonensis (98149) | |
| Changhsingian | Nepal | Betaneospirifer neomarcoui, Pondospirifer crassiconcha, Transversaria marcouiformis (120386) Betaneospirifer shii (207296) Fusispirifer jini, Pondospirifer crassiconcha, Transversaria marcouiformis (120387) Fusispirifer jini, Transversaria marcouiformis (62448) Fusispirifer nitiensis (43238 43266 120449) Fusispirifer sp. (43145) Neospirifer kubeiensis (43282 120508 120519 120520 120522) Neospirifer moosakhailensis (43152 43154 43157 43158 43159 99791 120445 120446 120448 120451) Neospirifer moosakhailensis, Fusispirifer nitiensis (120444) Neospirifer ravana (120443) Neospirifer ravaniformis (43166 43169 43170 43173 43178 43179 43180 43183 43185 43186 43187 43189 43190 43194 43195 43198 43199 43201 43217 43218 43221 43224 43225 43226 43228 43229 43260 43261 43272 43281 43285) Neospirifer ravaniformis, Fusispirifer nitiensis (43182 43197 43216) Neospirifer sp. (43242 43245) Neospirifer sp. A (43259 43279) Neospirifer sp. B (43255 43277) Pondospirifer crassiconcha (62441) Pondospirifer magnificus (43220) Pondospirifer magnificus, Betaneospirifer ravaniformis, Betaneospirifer neomarcoui, Fusispirifer jini, Pondospirifer crassiconcha, Transversaria marcouiformis (62444) Pondospirifer magnificus, Betaneospirifer ravaniformis, Betaneospirifer neomarcoui, Pondospirifer crassiconcha (62447) Transversaria marcouiformis (62445 62446) Wadispirifer hongdeensis (120412) | |
| Changhsingian | China (Guangxi) | Cartorhium xikouensis (120788) | |
| Changhsingian | China (Shaanxi) | Cartorhium xikouensis, Cartorhium twifurcifer (50034) | |
| Changhsingian | China (Xizang) | Fusispirifer marcouiformis (121589) Fusispirifer marcouiformis, Fusispirifer semiplicata (60594) Lepidospirifer sp. (73601) Neospirifer kubeiensis (73604) Neospirifer ravana (121595) Neospirifer sp. (51398 187537 187539 187558) Neospirifer tibetensis (73600) Neospirifer tibetensis, Neospirifer kubeiensis (73602) Neospirifer tibetensis, Neospirifer striatiformis, Neospirifer kubeiensis (110495) | |
| Changhsingian | Russian Federation | Neospirifer wynneiformis, Neospirifer crassiconchialis, Neospirifer invisus (131245) | |
| Changhsingian | Pakistan (Northwest Frontier) | Neospirifer sp. (41557) | |
| Changhsingian | Pakistan | Spirifer ambiensis (81504) Spirifer blasii (126882) Spirifer blasii, Spirifer warchensis (126989) Spirifer musakheylensis (89064 119608 126934) Spirifer warchensis (126988 126996) | |
| Changhsingian | Thailand (Khao Doi Pha Phlung) | Neospirifer sp. (8103) | |
| Changhsingian | New Zealand (Southland) | Neospirifer sp. (73851) | |