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Athyrididae

Rhynchonellata - Athyridida - Athyrididae

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1841Athyrididae McCoy p. 94
1944Athyris naliensis Reed p. 532
1961Athyridae Hoare p. 89
1967Athyrididae Rubel and Modzalevskaya
1974Athyrididae Bassett and Cocks
1974Athyrididae Brunton and Champion p. 828
1978Athyrididae Savage et al. p. 381
1993Athyrididae Alvarez and Brunton p. 310
1995Athyrididae Savage and Baxter p. 1039
1997Athyrididae Jin and Chatterton
2002Athyrididae Musteikis and Modzalevskaya
2002Athyrididae Williams et al.
2003Athyrididae Shen et al. p. 248

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
—Lophophorata
—PanbrachiopodaCarlson and Cohen 2020
RankNameAuthor
phylumBrachiopodaCuvier 1805
subphylumRhynchonelliformeaWilliams et al. 1996
classRhynchonellataWilliams et al. 1996
orderAthyrididaBoucot et al. 1964
suborderAthyrididinaBoucot et al. 1964
superfamilyAthyridoideaMcCoy 1844
familyAthyrididaeMcCoy 1841
familyAthyrididaeMcCoy 1841

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. †Athyrididae McCoy 1841
show all | hide all
Subfm. †Athyridinae M'Coy 1844
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†Actinoconchus planosulcatus Phillips 1836
G. †Athyris
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Subg. †Athyris (Cliothyris) King 1850
Subg. †Athyris (Seminula) M'Coy 1844
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Subg. †Spirigera (Didymospira) Salomon 1895
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†Spirigera borovacensis Kittl 1903
†Spirigera forojulensis Bittner 1890
†Spirigera kaihikuana Trechmann 1917
†Spirigera kittlii Bittner 1902
†Spirigera manzavinii Bittner 1891
†Spirigera manzavinioides Trechmann 1917
†Spirigera milesi Smith 1927
†Spirigera misolica Krumbeck 1913
†Spirigera monticola White 1874
†Spirigera oppelii Laube 1865
†Spirigera pseudodielasma Fliegel 1901
†Spirigera sellaris Klipstein 1843
†Spirigera siljanensis Kittl 1903
†Spirigera stoliczkai Bittner 1899
†Spirigera subindistincta Krumbeck 1924
†Spirigera sufflata Verneuil 1855
†Spirigera tricupii Bittner 1892
†Spirigera wreyi Zittel 1864
†Athyris ambiguaeformis Waagen 1883
†Athyris angelica Hall 1861
†Athyris angulata Mansuy 1912
†Athyris bisulcata Jin and Hu 1982
†Athyris bradyensis Carter 1967
†Athyris cestriensis Snider 1915
†Athyris concentrica von Buch 1834
†Athyris damesi Fliegel 1901
†Athyris globularis Phillips 1835
†Athyris goniocolpos Frech 1912
†Athyris lamellosa Léveillé 1835
†Athyris mirabilis Zeng et al. 1995
†Athyris persinuata Meek 1877
†Athyris plicatiformis Jin and Hu 1982
†Athyris spiriferoides Eaton 1831
†Athyris subquadrata Yang and Xu 1966
†Athyris xetra Diener 1915
G. †Brimethyris Alvarez et al. 1998
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†Brimethyris subconcentrica Verneuil and Archiac 1845
G. †Bruntonites Struve 1992
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G. †Eifyris
G. †Johnsonathyris Savage et al. 1978
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†Johnsonathyris adrianensis Savage et al. 1978
G. †Pachyplax
Subfm. †Athyrisininae Grabau 1931
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+
Invalid names: Athyrisinopsis [synonym], Kwangsia [synonym]
G. †Ikella
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Invalid names: Neoathyrisina Chen and Wan 1979 [synonym]
G. †Baliqliqia Chen and Shi 2006
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†Baliqliqia baliqliqensis Chen and Shi 2006
Subfm. †Cleiothyridininae Alvarez et al. 1998
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G. †Bajtugania Grunt 1980
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†Bajtugania boguchanica Solomina 1988
†Bajtugania duseevi Grunt 1991
†Bajtugania netschaevi Grunt 1980
G. †Carteridina Alvarez et al. 1998
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†Carteridina prouti Swallow 1860
G. †Cleiothyridina Buckman 1906
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†Cleiothyridina accola Reed 1944
†Cleiothyridina anabathra Waterhouse 1968
†Cleiothyridina attenuata Cooper 1957
†Cleiothyridina bajkurica Chernyak 1963
†Cleiothyridina baracoodensis Etheridge Jr. 1903
†Cleiothyridina barbata Chronic 1949
†Cleiothyridina capillata Waagen 1883
†Cleiothyridina circularis Ustritsky 1960
†Cleiothyridina ciriacksi Cooper and Grant 1976
†Cleiothyridina corculum Lee and Su 1980
†Cleiothyridina davidsoni Rigaux 1873
†Cleiothyridina deroissyi Leveille 1835
†Cleiothyridina echidniformis Waterhouse 1983
†Cleiothyridina excavata Grabau 1931
†Cleiothyridina globulina Waagen 1883
†Cleiothyridina grossula Waagen 1883
†Cleiothyridina hayasakai Tazawa 2010
†Cleiothyridina intonsa Chronic 1949
†Cleiothyridina laqueata Waterhouse 1968
†Cleiothyridina macleayana Etheridge Jr. 1889
†Cleiothyridina maynci Dunbar 1955
†Cleiothyridina milleri Savage et al. 1978
†Cleiothyridina mulsa Cooper and Grant 1976
†Cleiothyridina nana Cooper and Grant 1976
†Cleiothyridina nielseni Dunbar 1955
†Cleiothyridina obmaxima McChesney 1861
†Cleiothyridina orbicularis McChesney 1859
†Cleiothyridina ovalis Shi and Archbold 1993
†Cleiothyridina perthensis Archbold 1997
†Cleiothyridina pijaensis Waterhouse 1983
†Cleiothyridina pilularis Cooper and Grant 1976
†Cleiothyridina rara Cooper and Grant 1976
†Cleiothyridina rectimarginata Cooper and Grant 1976
†Cleiothyridina seriata Grant 1976
†Cleiothyridina shenshuensis Lee and Su 1980
†Cleiothyridina uralica Grabau 1934
Invalid names: Cleiothyridellina Waterhouse 1978 [synonym]
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†Crinisarina angelicoides Merriam 1940
†Crinisarina pseudoglobularis Serobyan et al. 2021
G. †Deltachania Waterhouse 1971
G. †Himathyris Waterhouse 1985
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†Himathyris gerardi Diener 1899
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†Leiothycridina expansa Phillips 1836
G. †Pinegathyris Grunt 1980
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†Pinegathyris alata Grunt 1980
†Pinegathyris kotlukovi Stepanov 1936
†Pinegathyris royssiana Keyserling 1846
†Pinegathyris stuckenbergi Netschajew 1911
G. †Rawdonia
Subfm. †Comelicaniinae Merla 1930
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G. †Comelicania Frech 1901
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†Comelicania haueri Stache 1878
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Invalid names: Comelicania avis Merla 1930 [synonym], Comelicania dalpiazi Merla 1930 [synonym], Comelicania vespertilio Merla 1930 [synonym]
†Comelicania megalotis Stache 1878
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Invalid names: Comelicania doryphora Merla 1930 [synonym], Comelicania rostrata Merla 1930 [synonym], Spirifer insanus Stache 1878 [synonym], Spirifer vultur Stache 1878 [synonym]
†Comelicania merlai Posenato 1998
Invalid names: Alatothyris Waterhouse and Gupta 1986 [synonym], Spitispirifer Waterhouse and Gupta 1986 [synonym]
G. †Gruntallina Waterhouse and Gupta 1986
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Subfm. †Didymothyridinae Modzalevskaya 1979
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G. †Buchanathyris Talent 1956
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†Buchanathyris pulchra Talent 1963
†Buchanathyris westoni Talent 1956
G. †Collarothyris Modzalevskaya 1970
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†Collarothyris canaliculata Wenjukow 1899
G. †Didymothyris Rubel and Modzalevskaya 1967
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†Didymothyris didyma Dalman 1828
G. †Glassina Hall and Clarke 1893
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†Glassina laeviuscula Sowerby 1839
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†Leptathyris index Johnson 1971
G. †Pseudoprotathyris Modzalevskaya 1979
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†Pseudoprotathyris infantilis Kozlowski 1929
G. †Svetlania Baranov 1982
Subfm. †Helenathyridinae Dagys 1974
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Subfm. †Janicepsinae Posenato 2001
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G. †Comelicothyris Posenato 2001
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G. †Janiceps Frech 1901
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†Janiceps bipartita Stache 1878
†Janiceps cadorica Stache 1878
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Invalid names: Athyris globulus Merla 1930 [synonym], Athyris humeralis Merla 1930 [synonym], Athyris irregularis Merla 1930 [synonym], Athyris sagitta Merla 1930 [synonym], Spirigera archimedis Stache 1878 [synonym], Spirigera confinalis Stache 1878 [synonym], Spirigera pusilla Stache 1878 [synonym]
†Janiceps lozovskyi Grunt 1986
†Janiceps ogbinensis Grunt 1965
†Janiceps papilio Stache 1878
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Invalid names: Spirigera aquilina Stache 1878 [synonym]
†Janiceps peracuta Stache 1878
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Invalid names: Spirifer sextensis Stache 1878 [synonym], Spirigera janiceps Stache 1878 [synonym]
G. †Kintathyris Shi and Waterhouse 1991
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†Kintathyris malayaensis Shi and Waterhouse 1991
Subfm. †Lochengiinae Ching and Yang 1977
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G. †Cryptospirifer Grabau 1931
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Invalid names: Cryptospirifer iranica Nakamura and Golshani 1981 [synonym]
†Cryptospirifer shawanensis Jin et al. 1974
†Cryptospirifer transversa Liu and Zhao 1982
G. †Lochengia Yoh 1929
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Invalid names: Flexathyris [synonym]
G. †Titanothyris Jin and Hu 1982
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†Titanothyris striata Huang 1933
†Titanothyris striatus Huang 1933
†Titanothyris subplicata Hu and Jin 1982
G. †Mayangella Xiong 1990
G. †Pachyplaxoides Grunt and Racki 1998
Subfm. †Plicathyridinae Alvarez 1990
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G. †Anathyris
G. †Plicathyris Khalfin 1946
Subfm. †Pradoiinae Garcia-Alcadle 1986
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G. †Guaxa
G. †Pradoia
G. †Quadriloba Alvarez et al. 1999
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†Quadriloba collettii Verneuil 1850
Invalid names: Tetraloba Alvarez et al. 1998 [replaced]
Subfm. †Spirigerellinae Grunt 1965
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G. †Araxathyris Grunt 1965
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†Araxathyris abichi Arthaber 1900
†Araxathyris beipeiensis Xu and Grant 1994
†Araxathyris bruntoni Angiolini and Carabelli 2010
†Araxathyris costalis Zeng et al. 1995
†Araxathyris dilatatus Shen et al. 1992
†Araxathyris felina Arthaber 1900
†Araxathyris glossexserta Zeng et al. 1995
†Araxathyris indentatus Zeng et al. 1995
†Araxathyris jalaidensis Lee and Su 1980
†Araxathyris longa Zhang and Jin 1961
†Araxathyris minor Wu et al. 2022
†Araxathyris protea Abich 1878
†Araxathyris rhombiformis Zeng et al. 1995
†Araxathyris sinensis Shen et al. 2004
†Araxathyris timorensis Rothpletz 1892
†Araxathyris undulata Shen et al. 1992
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Invalid names: Araxathyris pentagonalis Zeng et al. 1995 [synonym]
Invalid names: Spirigera subtilita armeniaca Arthaber 1900 [synonym]
G. †Composita Brown 1849
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†Composita affinis Girty 1908
†Composita apheles Cooper and Grant 1976
†Composita apsidata Cooper and Grant 1976
†Composita argentea Shepard 1838
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Invalid names: Terebratula titicacensis Gabb 1877 [synonym]
†Composita bamberi Shi and Waterhouse 1996
†Composita biforma Yang 1991
†Composita bucculenta Cooper and Grant 1976
†Composita costata Cooper and Grant 1976
†Composita cracens Cooper and Grant 1976
†Composita crassa Cooper and Grant 1976
†Composita depressa Sun 1991
†Composita discina Cooper and Grant 1976
†Composita elongata Dunbar and Condra 1932
†Composita emarginata Girty 1908
†Composita enormis Cooper and Grant 1976
†Composita girtyi Raymond 1911
†Composita globosa Weller 1914
†Composita grandis Cooper 1953
†Composita hapsida Stehli and Grant 1970
†Composita idahoensis Butts 2007
†Composita imbricata Cooper and Grant 1976
†Composita insulcata Zeng et al. 1995
†Composita jogensis Yanagida and Nishikawa 1984
†Composita laevis Weller 1914
†Composita lewisensis Weller 1914
†Composita magnicarina Campbell 1961
†Composita mexicana Hall 1857
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Invalid names: Composita arizonica McKee 1938 [synonym], Composita guadalupensis Girty 1908 [synonym], Composita parva Branson 1930 [synonym]
†Composita minuscula Chronic 1949
†Composita mira Girty 1899
†Composita misriensis Reed 1944
†Composita nucella Cooper and Grant 1976
†Composita obesa Easton et al. 1958
†Composita ovata Mather 1915
†Composita parasulcata Cooper and Grant 1976
†Composita pikensis Carter 1968
†Composita pilula Cooper and Grant 1976
†Composita plana Branson 1930
†Composita prospera Cooper and Grant 1976
†Composita pyriformis Cooper and Grant 1976
†Composita quadrirotunda Lee and Su 1980
†Composita quantilla Cooper and Grant 1976
†Composita rotunda Snider 1915
†Composita sigma Gordon 1975
†Composita stalagmium Cooper and Grant 1976
†Composita strongyle Cooper and Grant 1976
†Composita subquadrata Hall 1858
†Composita subtilita Hall 1852
†Composita sulcata Weller 1914
†Composita tareica Chernyak 1963
†Composita tetralobata Hoare 1960
†Composita tobaensis Wang 1985
†Composita trinuclea Hall 1856
G. †Densalvus
G. †Gruntea Shi et al. 1999
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†Gruntea grunti Shi and Shen 1997
G. †Nordathyris Grunt 1977
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†Nordathyris ganelini Grunt 1977
G. †Planalvus Carter 1971
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†Planalvus cailliaudi Barrois 1889
†Planalvus densa Hall and Clarke 1894
†Planalvus gibberosa Carter 1971
†Planalvus rufus Racheboeuf et al. 1994
G. †Posicomta Grunt 1986
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†Posicomta advena Grant 1976
†Posicomta dolabrata Grant 1976
†Posicomta gundarensis Grunt 1986
†Posicomta subsolana Grant 1976
†Posicomta zaalaica Grunt 1986
G. †Rectambitus Xu and Grant 1994
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†Rectambitus spondomarginata Shen et al. 2004
†Rectambitus subpentangulata Xu and Grant 1994
†Rectambitus xui Shen et al. 2004
G. †Spirigerella Waagen 1883
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†Spirigerella alata Waagen 1883
†Spirigerella bellistriata Zeng et al. 1995
†Spirigerella derbyi Waagen 1883
†Spirigerella discors Reed 1944
†Spirigerella fusiformis Waagen 1883
†Spirigerella gigas Reed 1944
†Spirigerella grandis Davidson 1862
†Spirigerella hybrida Waagen 1883
†Spirigerella media Waagen 1883
†Spirigerella minuta Waagen 1883
†Spirigerella numismalis Waagen 1883
†Spirigerella obovata Reed 1944
†Spirigerella ovoidalis Waagen 1883
†Spirigerella pertumida Diener 1897
†Spirigerella praelonga Waagen 1883
†Spirigerella proxima Reed 1944
†Spirigerella subtriquetra Jin et al. 1974
†Spirigerella teseroi Chen 2006
G. †Tongzithyris Jin et al. 1974
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†Tongzithyris episulcata Jin et al. 1974
†Tongzithyris extensa Liao 1980
G. †Tarimathyris Chen and Shi 2006
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†Tarimathyris discusella Xu and Grant 1994
†Tarimathyris hotanensis Chen and Shi 2006
†Tarimathyris minima Ustritsky 1960
†Tarimathyris ovaloides Xu and Grant 1994
†Tarimathyris postambigua Ustritsky 1960
Subfm. †Transcaucasathyriinae Angiolini and Carabelli 2010
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G. †Juxathyris Liang 1990
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†Juxathyris abrupta Liang 1990
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Invalid names: Araxathyris zhinanensis Liang 1990 [synonym], Composita corpuscula Liang 1990 [synonym], Juxathyris parorbicularis Liang 1990 [synonym], Juxathyris placodepressa Liang 1990 [synonym]
†Juxathyris apionucula Liang 1990
†Juxathyris bisulcata Liao 1980
†Juxathyris doliformis Liang 1990
†Juxathyris elongata Jin and Ye 1979
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Invalid names: Spirigerella gaojiaoensis Lu 1982 [objective synonym]
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Invalid names: Spirigerella simplex Liao 1987 [synonym]
†Juxathyris linguformis Liang 1990
†Juxathyris mongoliensis Grabau 1931
†Juxathyris obesa Huang 1933
†Juxathyris pinguis Tong 1978
†Juxathyris rectimarginalis Shen et al. 1992
†Juxathyris subcircularis Wu et al. 2018
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Invalid names: Athyris triangularis Shen et al. 1992 [synonym]
Invalid names: Athyris rhynchonelloides Jin and Ye 1979 [nomen dubium], Spirigerella disulcata Lu 1978 [nomen dubium], Spirigerella gulingensis Lu 1978 [nomen dubium], Spirigerella leshanensis Lu 1978 [nomen dubium]
G. †Transcaucasathyris Shen et al. 2004
+
†Transcaucasathyris kandevani Fantini Sestini and Glaus 1966
Subfm. †Xenosariinae Cooper and Grant 1976
+
G. †Xenosaria Cooper and Grant 1976
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†Xenosaria exotica Cooper and Grant 1976
†Xenosaria tenuis Shen and Clapham 2009
Invalid names: Athyris naliensis Reed 1944 [nomen nudum], Protathyridinae Boucot et al. 1964 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: low Mg calcitep
Environment: marineuc
Locomotion: stationarysubo
Attached: yesp
Life habit: low-level epifaunalsubo
Diet: suspension feedersubo
Vision: blindc
Created: 2018-11-10 18:06:04
Modified: 2018-11-10 18:06:04
Source: subo = suborder, c = class, p = phylum, uc = unranked clade
References: Nesnidal et al. 2013, Aberhan et al. 2004

Age range: base of the Aeronian to the top of the Pliensbachian or 440.80000 to 182.70000 Ma

Collections (4690 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Paleozoic - Triassic538.8 - 201.4Chile (Ovalle) Composita sp. (222433)
Silurian443.8 - 419.2USA (Alaska) Athyris sp. (111812 111844)
Silurian443.8 - 419.2USA (Kentucky) Athyris fultonensis (5676)
Silurian443.8 - 419.2USA (California) Athyris sp. (229257)
Llandovery443.4 - 433.4United Kingdom (England) Protathyris sp. (464)
Aeronian440.8 - 438.5Canada (Quebec) Athyridae indet. (158791) Didymothyris sp. (184865)
Aeronian440.8 - 438.5Czech Republic Pseudoprotathyris ephemera (14087)
Telychian438.5 - 433.4Canada (Nunavut) Didymothyris sp. (184887)
Telychian - Wenlock438.5 - 427.4Canada (Manitoba) Meristospira dunbari (26662 26674 26681)
Jaani433.6 - 431.3Estonia (Saare) Didymothyris didyma (174959)

Youngest occurrences
Time interval Ma Country or state PBDB collection number
Norian228.0 - 208.5Bosnia and Herzegovina Spirigera eurycolpa (203844) Spirigera leptorhyncha (206615)
Norian228.0 - 208.5Indonesia (Timor) Spirigera sp. (205450)
Norian228.0 - 208.5East Timor Spirigera subindistincta (21182)
Norian228.0 - 208.5USA (Nevada) Spirigera sp. (100391)
Oretian227.5 - 221.0New Zealand Athyris sp. (137846)
Lacian221.5 - 215.56China (Sichuan) Araxathyris jiangyouensis (123661) Septospirigerella lingula (123657)
Alaunian - Sevatian215.56 - 205.6Indonesia Spirigera misolica (204491)
Rhaetian208.5 - 201.3Slovakia Spirigera deslongchampsi (85059)
Pliensbachian190.8 - 182.7Spain Athyridae indet. (171314)
Early/Lower Toarcian183.0 - 182.0Spain Athyridae indet. (171317)