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Carcharhinidae (requiem shark)
Taxonomy
Carcharhinidae was named by Jordan and Evermann (1896). It is extant.
It was reranked as the subfamily Carcharhininae by Hay (1902); it was misspelled as Carcharinidae by Weiler (1938), Cassier (1966), Case (1981), Thurmond and Jones (1981), Bendix-Almgreen (1983), Long (1992), Purdy et al. (2001), Compagno (2005), Tabuce et al. (2005), Underwood (2006), Adnet et al. (2007), Cicimurri and Knight (2009), Fourriére et al. (2014), Carnevale et al. (2014), Nelson et al. (2016), Engelbrecht et al. (2017), Szabo et al. (2017), Kent (2018), Ebersole et al. (2019), Villafaña et al. (2020), Adnet et al. (2020) and Collareta et al. (2022).
It was assigned to Galeidae by Hay (1902); to Plagiostomi by Weiler (1938); to Musteliformes by Cassier (1966); to Isuroidei by Case (1981); to Galeoidea by Thurmond and Jones (1981); to Lamniformes by Bendix-Almgreen (1983); to Chondrichthyes by Fourriére et al. (2014); and to Carcharhiniformes by Long (1992), Purdy et al. (2001), Compagno (2005), Tabuce et al. (2005), Underwood (2006), Adnet et al. (2007), Cicimurri and Knight (2009), Carnevale et al. (2014), Nelson et al. (2016), Engelbrecht et al. (2017), Szabo et al. (2017), Kent (2018), Ebersole et al. (2019), Villafaña et al. (2020), Adnet et al. (2020) and Collareta et al. (2022).
It was reranked as the subfamily Carcharhininae by Hay (1902); it was misspelled as Carcharinidae by Weiler (1938), Cassier (1966), Case (1981), Thurmond and Jones (1981), Bendix-Almgreen (1983), Long (1992), Purdy et al. (2001), Compagno (2005), Tabuce et al. (2005), Underwood (2006), Adnet et al. (2007), Cicimurri and Knight (2009), Fourriére et al. (2014), Carnevale et al. (2014), Nelson et al. (2016), Engelbrecht et al. (2017), Szabo et al. (2017), Kent (2018), Ebersole et al. (2019), Villafaña et al. (2020), Adnet et al. (2020) and Collareta et al. (2022).
It was assigned to Galeidae by Hay (1902); to Plagiostomi by Weiler (1938); to Musteliformes by Cassier (1966); to Isuroidei by Case (1981); to Galeoidea by Thurmond and Jones (1981); to Lamniformes by Bendix-Almgreen (1983); to Chondrichthyes by Fourriére et al. (2014); and to Carcharhiniformes by Long (1992), Purdy et al. (2001), Compagno (2005), Tabuce et al. (2005), Underwood (2006), Adnet et al. (2007), Cicimurri and Knight (2009), Carnevale et al. (2014), Nelson et al. (2016), Engelbrecht et al. (2017), Szabo et al. (2017), Kent (2018), Ebersole et al. (2019), Villafaña et al. (2020), Adnet et al. (2020) and Collareta et al. (2022).
Subtaxa
Alopiopsis, Aprionodon, Archaeogaleus, Carcharhininae, Carcharhinus, Danogaleus, Eogaleus, Glyphis, Hypoprion, Isogomphodon, Lamiopsis, Loxodon, Misrichthys, Nasolamia, Negaprion, Physodon, Physogaleus, Prionace (syn. Carcharias (Prionodon)), Pseudabdounia, Rhizoprionodon, Scoliodon, Scoliodontinae, Triaenodon
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1896 | Carcharhinidae Jordan and Evermann |
| 1902 | Carcharhininae Hay p. 312 |
| 1938 | Carcharinidae Weiler p. 8 |
| 1966 | Carcharhinidae Cassier p. 86 |
| 1981 | Carcharhinidae Case p. 63 |
| 1981 | Carcharhinidae Thurmond and Jones p. 61 |
| 1983 | Carcharhinidae Bendix-Almgreen p. 2 |
| 1992 | Carcharhinidae Long p. 29 |
| 2001 | Carcharhinidae Purdy et al. p. 144 |
| 2005 | Carcharhinidae Compagno |
| 2005 | Carcharhinidae Tabuce et al. p. 385 |
| 2006 | Carcharhinidae Underwood p. 234 |
| 2007 | Carcharhinidae Adnet et al. p. 305 |
| 2009 | Carcharhinidae Cicimurri and Knight p. 632 |
| 2014 | Carcharhinidae Carnevale et al. p. 41 |
| 2014 | Carcharhinidae Fourriére et al. p. 380 |
| 2016 | Carcharhinidae Nelson et al. p. 71 |
| 2017 | Carcharhinidae Engelbrecht et al. p. 18 |
| 2017 | Carcharhinidae Szabo et al. |
| 2018 | Carcharhinidae Kent p. 107 |
| 2019 | Carcharhinidae Ebersole et al. p. 67 |
| 2020 | Carcharhinidae Adnet et al. p. 6 |
| 2020 | Carcharhinidae Villafaña et al. p. 736 |
| 2022 | Carcharhinidae Collareta et al. p. 6 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. Carcharhinidae Jordan and Evermann 1896 [requiem shark]
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G. Aprionodon Gill 1861
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†Aprionodon amekiensis White 1926
†Aprionodon greyegertoni White 1956
†Aprionodon lerichei Dartevelle and Casier 1943
Subfm. Carcharhininae Jordan and Evermann 1896
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Invalid names: Carcharhinini Jordan and Evermann 1896 [empty], Rhizoprionodontini Compagno 1988 [empty], Triaenodontini Bonaparte 1838 [empty]
G. Carcharhinus de Blainville 1816
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†Carcharhinus ackermani Santos and Travasos 1960
Carcharhinus albimarginatus Rüppell 1837
†Carcharhinus antiquus Agassiz 1856
†Carcharhinus balochenisis Adnet et al. 2007
Carcharhinus brachyurus Gunther 1870
†Carcharhinus dicelmai Collareta et al. 2022
†Carcharhinus egertoni Agassiz 1843
†Carcharhinus elongatus Leriche 1910
†Carcharhinus falciformis Bibron 1841
†Carcharhinus frequens Dames 1883
Carcharhinus gibbesii Woodward 1889
†Carcharhinus gilmorei Leriche 1942
†Carcharhinus kasserinensis Adnet et al. 2020
†Carcharhinus leucas Valenciennes 1839
†Carcharhinus macloti Muller and Henle 1839
†Carcharhinus magdalenae Jordan and Hanibal 1923
†Carcharhinus mancinae Ebersole et al. 2019
†Carcharhinus marcaisi Arambourg 1952
†Carcharhinus nigeriensis White 1926
†Carcharhinus obscurus Le Sueur 1818
Carcharhinus perezi Poey 1876
†Carcharhinus perseus Adnet et al. 2007
†Carcharhinus plumbeus Nardo 1827
Carcharhinus porosus Ranzani 1839
†Carcharhinus priscus Agassiz 1843
Carcharhinus sorrah Valenciennes 1841
†Negaprion gibbesi gilmorei White 1956
G. Isogomphodon Gill 1862 [daggernose shark]
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†Isogomphodon acuarias Probst 1879
†Isogomphodon aikenensis Cicimurri and Knight 2019
G. Lamiopsis Gill 1862
G. Loxodon Müller and Henle 1838
G. †Misrichthys Case and Cappetta 1990
G. Nasolamia Compagno and Garrick 1983
G. Negaprion Whitley 1940 [lemon shark]
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Negaprion brevirostris Poey 1868
†Negaprion eurybathrodon Blake 1862
G. Physodon Müller and Henle 1839
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†Carcharias (Physodon) quartus Bohm 1926
†Physodon contortus Gervais 1872
†Physodon contortus hassiae Jaekel 1898
†Physodon secundus Winkler 1876
†Physodon triqueter Eastman 1904
G. †Physogaleus Cappetta 1980
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†Physogaleus contortus Gibbes 1847
†Physogaleus cuvieri Agassiz 1835
†Physogaleus hemmooriensis Reinecke and Hoedemakers 2006
†Physogaleus onkensis Boulemia and Adnet 2023
†Physogaleus secundus Winkler 1876
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Invalid names: Galeorhinus formosus Arambourg 1952 [synonym], Trigonodus tertius Winkler 1874 [synonym]
G. Prionace Cantor 1849 [blue shark]
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Invalid names: Carcharias (Prionodon) Müller and Henle 1841 [replaced]
G. †Pseudabdounia Ebersole et al. 2019
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†Pseudabdounia claibornensis White 1956
†Pseudabdounia recticonus Winkler 1874
G. Rhizoprionodon Whitley 1929 [sharpnose shark]
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†Rhizoprionodon ganntourensis Arambourg 1952
Rhizoprionodon lalandii Müller and Henle 1839
Rhizoprionodon longurio Jordan and Gilbert 1882
†Rhizoprionodon taxandriae Leriche 1926
G. †Scoliodon Muller and Henle 1837
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†Carcharias (Scoliodon) taxandriae Leriche 1926
†Scoliodon conecuhensis Cappetta and Case 2016
†Scoliodon terraenovae Richardson 1836
Invalid names: Scoliodontinae Whitley 1934 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: o = order, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Hendy et al. 2009, Wagner 2023, Carroll 1988 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Early/Lower Valanginian to the top of the Holocene or 140.20000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 136.4 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 136.4 Ma
Collections (484 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Early/Lower Valanginian | France (Gard) | Archaeogaleus lengadocensis (213631) | |
| Late/Upper Maastrichtian - Danian | Morocco | Danogaleus gueriri (214373) | |
| Danian | Morocco | Danogaleus gueriri (83311 91362 116900 214369 214370 214372 214832 214834) | |
| Thanetian | Algeria | Physogaleus secundus, Rhizoprionodon gantourensis, Physogaleus onkensis (232262) | |
| Thanetian | Togo (Maritime) | Alopiopsis secundus (167948) | |
| Late/Upper Paleocene | USA (Virginia) | Galeocerdo contortus (84048) | |
| Late/Upper Paleocene | USA (Mississippi) | Physogaleus americanus, Physogaleus tertius, Physogaleus sp. (62872) | |
| Ypresian | Italy (Verona) | Eogaleus bolcensis (219837) | |
| Ypresian | France (Aude) | Physogaleus tertius (182641) | |
| Ypresian | Morocco | Physogaleus secundus (158991 214840) Physogaleus secundus, Rhizoprionodon ganntourensis (116904 214846 214847 214849 214850 214851) | |
| Ypresian | Senegal | Rhizoprionodon sp., Physogaleus secundus (209379) | |
| Ypresian | USA (South Carolina) | Physogaleus secundus (203258) | |
| Ypresian | India (Gujarat) | Physogaleus sp. (180565) | |
| Ypresian | United Kingdom (England) | Physodon secundus, Hypoprion sp., Physodon tertius (8050 13299) Physodon tertius (185933) Physogaleus secundus (3260) | |
| Ypresian | Italy | Alopiopsis plejodon (55239) Alopiopsis plejodon, Eogaleus bolcensis, Physogaleus cuvieri (94830) | |
| Ypresian - Lutetian | Antarctica (Seymour Island) | Carcharhinus sp. (133687) | |
| Ypresian - Lutetian | USA (Alabama) | Physogaleus secundus (81189) Physogaleus secundus, Rhizoprionodon ganntourensis, Scoliodon conecuhensis, Pseudabdounia recticona (209524) Physogaleus sp., Carcharhinidae indet., Physogaleus secundus, Rhizoprionodon ganntourensis, Scoliodon conecuhensis, Pseudabdounia recticona (81179) | |
| Eocene | Pakistan | Carcharhinus sp., Rhizoprionodon sp., Negaprion eurybathrodon (79971) | |
| Wasatchian | USA (Virginia) | Physogaleus secundas (15595) | |
| Early/Lower Eocene | USA (Mississippi) | Physogaleus americanus, Physogaleus tertius (62890) | |