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Melanitta (scoter)

Reptilia - Anseriformes - Anatidae

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1822Melanitta Boie
1822Oidemia Fleming
1850Oedemia Bonaparte
1930Oidemia Hay p. 308
1940Melanitta Wetmore p. 27
1956Melanitta Wetmore p. 32
1990Melanitta Chandler p. 130
1992Melanitta Guthrie p. 321
2001Melanitta Olson and Rasmussen p. 288
2009Melanitta Gonzalez et al.
2017Melanitta Clements et al.
2020Melanitta Watanabe et al. p. 3

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
—Sauropsida
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
—Romeriida
—Diapsida()
—Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
—Crocopoda
—ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
RankNameAuthor
—Eucrocopoda
—Archosauria()
informalAvemetatarsalia
—Ornithodira
—Dinosauromorpha
—Dinosauriformes
—Dinosauria()
—Theropoda()
—Neotheropoda
—AverostraPaul 2002
—Tetanurae
—Coelurosauria()
—Maniraptora
—Paraves
classAves
subclassNeornithesGadow 1893
—Neognathae(Pycraft 1900)
—PangalloanseraeGauthier and de Queiroz 2001
—GalloanseraeSibley and Ahlquist 1990
superorderGalloanserimorphae
orderAnseriformesWagler 1831
familyAnatidaeVigors 1825
subfamilyAnatinaeVigors 1825
tribeMerginiBonaparte 1838
genusMelanittaBoie 1822

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Melanitta Boie 1822 [scoter]
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Subg. Melanitta (Pelionetta) Kaup 1829
†Melanitta ceruttii Chandler 1990
Melanitta fusca Linnaeus 1758 [velvet scoter]
Melanitta fusca deglandi Bonaparte 1850 [white-winged scoter]
Melanitta nigra Linnaeus 1758 [common scoter]
Melanitta perspicillata Linnaeus 1758 [surf scoter]
Invalid names: Oidemia Fleming 1822 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: hydroxyapatiteo
Entire body: yeso
Adult length: 10 to < 100o
Adult width: 1.0 to < 10o
Adult height: 1.0 to < 10o
Architecture: compact or denseo
Ontogeny: accretion, modification of partso
Grouping: solitaryo
Environment: freshwatersubf
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: volantsubf
Diet: herbivoresubf
Reproduction: oviparouso
Dispersal: direct/internalo
Dispersal 2: mobileo
Created: 2009-01-03 19:26:23
Modified: 2009-01-03 21:26:23
Source: subf = subfamily, o = order
References: Sedinger 1997, Marsh 1875

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Blancan to the top of the Holocene or 4.90000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 3.6 Ma

Collections (53 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6USA (North Carolina) Melanitta perspicillata, Melanitta nigra (52582)
Blancan4.9 - 1.8USA (California) Melanitta ceruttii (178000)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117USA (California) Melanitta perspicillata (176094 176101)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Japan (Chiba) Melanitta fusca (207857 207858)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129USA (California) Melanitta perspicillata, Melanitta deglandi (20639)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Japan (Aomori) Melanitta fusca (101897)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129United Kingdom Melanitta nigra (125088)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129United Kingdom (England) Melanitta nigra (77754 78015)
Middle Pleistocene (interglacial)0.774 - 0.129USA (Maryland) Melanitta deglandi (125184)
Rancholabrean0.3 - 0.012USA (California) Melanitta perspicillata (84881)
Rancholabrean (glacial)0.3 - 0.012USA (California) Melanitta deglandi (20624)
Rancholabrean - Holocene0.3 - 0.0USA (California) Melanitta perspicillata, Melanitta fusca (84904)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Japan (Aomori) Melanitta fusca (195045)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Spain Melanitta nigra, Melanitta fusca (215694)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Oregon) Melanitta perspicillata, Melanitta deglandi (93251)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Norway Melanitta nigra, Melanitta fusca (73689)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Portugal Melanitta nigra (197768)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (California) Melanitta fusca (120827 215552) Melanitta perspicillata, Melanitta fusca (120829 120830 125236 176102) Melanitta sp. (106400)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Spain (Santander) Melanitta perpicillata, Melanitta nigra (125320)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene0.129 - 0.0Russian Federation Melanitta deglandi (194812)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Canada (Yukon) Melanitta deglandi (228443)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Canada (Northwest Territories) Melanitta nigra (228921)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0USA (California) Melanitta fusca (194880) Melanitta sp. (194905 194908 194909 194910 194912 194913 194915 194916 194917 194918 194919 194921 194923 194925 194926 194927 194928) Melanitta sp., Melanitta perspicillata (194914) Melanitta sp., Melanitta perspicillata, Melanitta fusca (194906 194907)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Finland Melanitta sp., Melanitta nigra, Melanitta fusca (177177)