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Pharkidonotus

Gastropoda - Bellerophontida - Bellerophontidae

Taxonomy
Pharkidonotus was named by Girty (1912) [Sepkoski's age data: C Serp-l P Djhu Sepkoski's reference number: 109,797,1195]. It is not extant. Its type is Bellerophon percarinatus.

It was reranked as Bellerophon (Pharkidonotus) by Knight et al. (1960).

It was assigned to Bellerophon by Knight et al. (1960); to Bellerophontida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Bellerophontinae by Nützel and Ketwetsuriya (2016) and Wagner (2023).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1912Pharkidonotus Girty
1960Bellerophon (Pharkidonotus) Knight et al. p. 181 fig. 102.5
2002Pharkidonotus Sepkoski
2016Pharkidonotus Nützel and Ketwetsuriya p. 486
2023Pharkidonotus Wagner p. G1050

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Protostomia
Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
RankNameAuthor
classGastropoda
orderBellerophontidaUlrich and Scofield 1897
suborderBellerophontina
superfamilyBellerophontoidea()
familyBellerophontidae
subfamilyBellerophontinae
genusPharkidonotus

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Pharkidonotus Girty 1912
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Pharkidonotus altitropis Kulas and Batten 1997
Pharkidonotus breyeri Hoare et al. 1997
Pharkidonotus galeatus Wanner 1922
Pharkidonotus harrodi Gurley 1883
Pharkidonotus khaonoiensis Nützel and Ketwetsuriya 2016
Pharkidonotus labioreflexus Sturgeon 1964
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Invalid names: Pharkidonotus tricarinatus Shumard and Swallow 1858 [synonym]
Pharkidonotus westi Yochelson 1960
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
partNmeanminimummaximummedians.d.
shell height1535.812.058.038.012.5

Composition: aragoniteo
Composition 2: low Mg calciteo
Entire body: yesf
Adult length: 10 to < 100f
Adult width: 10 to < 100f
Locomotion: slow-movingf
Life habit: low-level epifaunalf
Diet: detritivoref
Vision: limitedc
Created: 2009-06-11 14:40:27
Modified: 2009-10-11 13:36:14
Source: f = family, o = order, c = class
References: Hendy 2009, Kiessling 2004

Age range: base of the Serpukhovian to the top of the Wuchiapingian or 330.90000 to 254.17000 Ma

Collections (120 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Serpukhovian330.9 - 323.2USA (Arkansas) P. sp. (5522)
Pennsylvanian323.2 - 298.9USA (Kentucky) Bellerophon percarinatus (210783)
Moscovian315.2 - 307.0USA (Oklahoma) P. percarinatus (90784)
Moscovian315.2 - 307.0Peru (Junin) P. sp. (41380)
Moscovian315.2 - 307.0USA (Kentucky) Bellerophon percarinatus (195795)
Moscovian315.2 - 307.0USA (Texas) P. n. sp. (128576)
Kashirian - Myachkovian313.8 - 306.95USA (New mexico) Bellerophon percarinatus (46548)
Desmoinesian313.8 - 305.9USA (Pennsylvania) Bellerophon percarinatus (184079 184098)
Desmoinesian313.8 - 305.9USA (Oklahoma) Bellerophon pericarinatus (8644) P. percarinatus (90782 90783)
Desmoinesian313.8 - 305.9USA (Kansas) P. percarinatus (931)
Desmoinesian313.8 - 305.9USA (Ohio) Bellerophon breyeri (149169) Bellerophon labioreflexus (64903 64905 64932 64941 64946) Bellerophon percarinatus (64888 64892 64895 64897 64901 64902 64907 64909 64913 64915 64918 64919 64921 64922 64926 64927 64929 64942 64950 64951)
Desmoinesian313.8 - 305.9USA (New Mexico) P. megalius (146530) P. sp. 1, P. percarinatus, P. westi (46536)
Desmoinesian313.8 - 305.9USA (Missouri) Bellerophon percarinatus (70278 70381 70382)
Desmoinesian313.8 - 305.9USA (Texas) P. percarinatus (11100)
Kasimovian307.0 - 303.7USA (Texas) P. percarinatus, P. tricarinatus (128580)
Kasimovian - Gzhelian307.0 - 298.9USA (Utah) P. percarinatus (39988 39989 39993 39994 39995)
Missourian305.9 - 303.4USA (Maryland) P. percarinatus (118828)
Missourian305.9 - 303.4USA (Texas) Bellerophon percarinatus (159900) P. percarinatus (156737)
Missourian305.9 - 303.4USA (Kansas) P. sp. (170)
Missourian305.9 - 303.4USA (Ohio) Bellerophon percarinatus (174923) P. percarinatus (175100 175102 175103)
Missourian305.9 - 303.4USA (New Mexico) P. percarinatus (50767)
Missourian305.9 - 303.4USA (Illinois) Bellerophon harrodi (128863)
Missourian305.9 - 303.4USA (Pennsylvania) Bellerophon percarinatus (184101 184103 184105)
Gzhelian303.7 - 298.9USA (New Mexico) P. sp. (64273 160175 160176)
Gzhelian303.7 - 298.9USA (Utah) P. sp. (39917 39922)
Gzhelian - Asselian303.7 - 295.5China (Hopei) Bellerophon acutocarinatus (149177)
Virgilian303.4 - 298.9USA (Nebraska) Bellerophon tricarinatus (157668)
Virgilian303.4 - 298.9USA (Maryland) P. percarinatus (118827)
Virgilian303.4 - 298.9USA (Texas) Bellerophon percarinatus (217894) Bellerophon percarinatus, Bellerophon tricarinatus (217913 217977) Bellerophon tricarinatus (217893 217897 217905 217906 217908 217915 217927 217932 217952 217958 217960 217992 218000 218002 218010)
Virgilian303.4 - 298.9USA (Ohio) Bellerophon percarinatus (71993)
Virgilian303.4 - 298.9USA (New Mexico) P. sp. (146819 146828)
Virgilian303.4 - 298.9USA (Illinois) P. percarinatus (50219)
Asselian298.9 - 295.5USA (Utah) P. sp. (39918)
Artinskian290.1 - 279.3Indonesia Bellerophon galeatus (118268)
Artinskian - Guadalupian290.1 - 259.9Indonesia (Timor) Bellerophon galeatus (205596)
Kungurian279.3 - 272.3Venezuela (Merida) Bellerophon sp. (41509)
Kungurian279.3 - 272.3Afghanistan Bellerophon khairliensis (88263)
Kungurian279.3 - 272.3USA (Texas) Bellerophon sp. (43517 81949) Bellerophon westi (75884) P. westi (81711)
Kungurian279.3 - 272.3Mexico (Chiapas) P. sp. (183478)
Roadian272.3 - 268.8USA (Texas) Bellerophon sp. (43563 81640)
Roadian272.3 - 268.8USA (Wyoming) Bellerophon altitropis (61938)
Wordian268.8 - 265.1Iran Bellerophon khairlensis (118137)
Wordian268.8 - 265.1Thailand Bellerophon sp. 2 (167688 167694) P. khaonoiensis (181783)
Capitanian265.1 - 259.9Iran Bellerophon khairlensis (81124)
Wuchiapingian259.9 - 254.17Pakistan Bellerophon acutocarinatus (126692 126738 127024) Bellerophon khairliensis (126008 126699 126941)
Wuchiapingian - Changhsingian259.9 - 252.17Pakistan Bellerophon acutocarinatus (126703) Bellerophon khairliensis (126743)