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Icteridae

Osteichthyes - Passeriformes - Icteridae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1825Icteridae Vigors
1902Icteridae Hay p. 537
1930Icteridae Hay p. 357
1933Icteridae Lambrecht p. 643
1940Icteridae Wetmore p. 75
1956Icteridae Wetmore p. 96
1977Icteridae Alvarez p. 217
1989Icteridae Shoshani et al. p. 436
1992Icterinae Emslie p. 264
1992Icterinae Parmalee p. 316
2017Icteridae Clements et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
classOsteichthyes
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
—Sauropsida
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
—Romeriida
—Diapsida()
—Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
RankNameAuthor
—Crocopoda
—ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
—Eucrocopoda
—Archosauria()
informalAvemetatarsalia
—Ornithodira
—Dinosauromorpha
—Dinosauriformes
—Dinosauria()
—Saurischia()
—Theropoda()
—Neotheropoda
—AverostraPaul 2002
—Tetanurae
—Coelurosauria()
—Maniraptora
—Paraves
classAves
subclassNeornithesGadow 1893
—Neognathae(Pycraft 1900)
orderPasseriformesLinnaeus 1758
familyIcteridaeVigors 1825
familyIcteridaeVigors 1825

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. Icteridae Vigors 1825
show all | hide all
G. Agelaius Vieillot 1816
+
Agelaius gubernator Wagler 1832
Agelaius phoeniceus Linnaeus 1766 [red-winged blackbird]
Agelaius tricolor Audubon 1837 [tricolor blackbird]
Agelaius xanthomus Sclater 1862 [yellow-shouldered blackbird]
G. Cassidix Lesson 1831
G. Chrysomus Swainson 1837
+
Chrysomus icterocephalus Linnaeus 1766 [yellow-hooded blackbird]
G. †Cremaster Brodkorb 1959
+
†Cremaster tytthus Brodkorb 1959
G. Dolichonyx Swainson 1827
+
Dolichonyx oryzivorus Linnaeus 1758 [bobolink]
G. Euphagus Cassin 1866 [blackbird]
+
†Euphagus affinis Shufeldt 1891
Euphagus cyanocephalus Wagler 1829 [Brewer's blackbird]
†Euphagus magnirostris Miller 1929 [large-billed blackbird]
G. Gymnomystax Reichenbach 1850
+
Gymnomystax mexicanus Linnaeus 1766 [oriole blackbird]
G. Icterus Brisson 1760 [New World oriole]
+
Icterus bullockii Swainson 1827 [Bullock's oriole]
Icterus dominicensis Linnaeus 1766 [Hispaniolan oriole]
Icterus oberi Lawrence 1880 [Montserrat oriole]
Icterus portoricensis Bryant 1866 [Puerto Rican oriole]
Icterus spurius Linnaeus 1766 [orchard oriole]
Invalid names: Xanthornus Cuvier 1800 [synonym]
G. Megaquiscalus Cassin 1866
G. Molothrus Swainson 1832
+
Molothrus aeneus Wagler 1829 [bronzed cowbird]
Molothrus ater Boddaert 1783 [brown-headed cowbird]
G. †Pandanaris Miller 1947
+
†Pandanaris convexa Miller 1947 [cowbird]
+
Invalid names: Pandanaris floridana Brodkorb 1957 [synonym]
G. †Pyelorhamphus Miller 1931
+
G. Quiscalus Vieillot 1816 [grackle]
+
Quiscalus lugubris Swainson 1838 [carib grackle]
Quiscalus major Viellot 1819 [boat-tailed grackle]
Quiscalus mexicanus Gmelin 1788 [great-tailed grackle]
Quiscalus niger Boddaert 1783 [Greater Antillean grackle]
Quiscalus quiscula Linnaeus 1758 [common grackle]
Invalid names: Holoquiscalus Cassin 1866 [synonym]
G. †Scolecophagus Swainson
G. Sturnella Vieillot 1816 [meadowlark]
+
Sturnella magna Linnaeus 1758 [eastern meadowlark]
Sturnella neglecta Audubon 1844 [western meadowlark]
G. Xanthocephalus Bonaparte 1850
+
Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus Bonaparte 1826 [yellow-headed blackbird]
Invalid names: Icterini del Hoyo et al. 2014 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: hydroxyapatiteo
Entire body: yeso
Adult length: 10 to < 100o
Adult width: 1.0 to < 10o
Adult height: 1.0 to < 10o
Architecture: compact or denseo
Ontogeny: accretion, modification of partso
Grouping: solitaryo
Environment: terrestrialsubf
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: volantsubf
Diet: insectivoresubf
Diet 2: frugivoresubf
Reproduction: oviparouso
Dispersal: direct/internalo
Dispersal 2: mobileo
Created: 2009-01-03 16:48:48
Modified: 2009-01-03 18:48:48
Source: subf = subfamily, o = order
References: Marsh 1875, Naka 2004, Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Gelasian to the top of the Holocene or 2.58000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 1.8 Ma

Collections (56 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Blancan4.7 - 1.4USA (Florida) Icteridae indet., Agelaius phoeniceus (19753)
Gelasian2.58 - 1.8USA (Florida) Euphagus sp., Agelaius phoeniceus, Molothrus ater, Euphagus cyanocephalus, Sturnella magna (20384)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774USA (Florida) Agelaius sp. (19750)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117Mexico (Jalisco) Sturnella sp. (169983)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117USA (California) Agelaius phoeniceus, Sturnella neglecta, Icterus bullockii, Agelaius tricolor (176098)
Irvingtonian1.4 - 0.21USA (Colorado) Agelaius phoeniceus (152653)
Irvingtonian1.4 - 0.21USA (Florida) Agelaius phoeniceus, Molothrus ater (20350)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129USA (California) Sturnella neglecta (20639)
Rancholabrean0.21 - 0.014USA (California) Molothrus ater, Sturnella neglecta (152008) Pandanaris convexa (152007) Sturnella neglecta (161536 192630)
Rancholabrean0.21 - 0.014USA (Florida) Pandanaris floridana, Agelaius phoeniceus, Quiscalus quiscula, Sturnella magna (20491) Quiscalus mexicanus (20398)
Rancholabrean0.21 - 0.014Mexico (Sonora) Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus, Pandanaris convexa, Agelaius phoeniceus, Molothrus ater, Quiscalus mexicanus, Euphagus cyanocephalus, Molothrus aeneus, Icterus spurius (20495)
Rancholabrean0.21 - 0.014Mexico (Puebla) Icterus sp. (230717)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Alabama) Quiscalus quiscula (84181)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Cayman Islands Icterus sp. (209851)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Florida) Agelaius phoeniceus, Quiscalus quiscula (154773) Sturnella magna (154936)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Georgia) I. sp., Sturnella magna (75066)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Florida) Icterinae indet. (154722)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Bahamas (Great Abaco Island) Sturnella magna (144663)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (New Mexico) Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus (93281)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Oregon) Agelaius sp., Sturnella sp., Molothrus ater, Euphagus cyanocephalus (93251) Scolecophagus affinis (176222)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Florida) Cremaster tytthus, Agelaius phoeniceus, Sturnella magna (20573) Pandanaris floridana, Cremaster tytthus, Molothrus ater, Quiscalus quiscula, Sturnella magna (20595)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Tennessee) Sturnella sp. (82890)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Wyoming) Sturnella sp., Quiscalus sp., Agelaius phoeniceus, Euphagus cyanocephalus, Sturnella neglecta, Euphagus magnirostris (93277)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (high glacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (New Mexico) Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus (76060)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (California) Agelaius phoeniceus (176267 236636) Agelaius sp., Icterus sp., Xanthocephalus sp., Sturnella neglecta, Euphagus magnirostris (190077) Euphagus cyanocephalus (155409) Sturnella neglecta (44954 120829 218989) Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus, Agelaius phoeniceus, Molothrus ater, Euphagus cyanocephalus, Sturnella neglecta, Icterus bullockii (123918) Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus, Sturnella neglecta, Icterus bullockii, Agelaius tricolor (215552)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (glacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Florida) Megaquiscalus major, Agelaius phoeniceus, Quiscalus quiscula (154771)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (high glacial)0.129 - 0.0117Venezuela (Zulia) Icterus spurius, Sturnella magna, Euphagus magnirostris, Chrysomus icterocephalus, Gymnomystax mexicanus, Quiscalus lugubris (63515)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Idaho) Agelaius phoeniceus (20569)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Virginia) Agelaius phoeniceus (104697) Agelaius phoeniceus, Molothrus ater (82258) Sturnella sp., Agelaius phoeniceus, Icterus spurius, Dolichonyx oryzivorus (103991)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Bahamas Margarops fuscatus (194589)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene0.129 - 0.0Bahamas (New Providence Island) Molothrus ater, Sturnella magna (194588) Sturnella sp. (144649)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene (late glacial)0.129 - 0.0USA (Arizona) Icterinae indet. (93374)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene0.129 - 0.0Puerto Rico Agelaius xanthomus, Icterus portoricensis (192222) Agelaius xanthomus, Icterus portoricensis, Holoquiscalus brachypterus (231345)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Mexico (Chiapas) Quiscalus mexicanus (195047)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Bahamas Agelaius phoeniceus (194592)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Montserrat Icterus oberi (194569)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0USA (Ohio) Quiscalus quiscula (195062)