Basic info Taxonomic history Classification Included Taxa
Morphology Ecology and taphonomy External Literature Search Age range and collections

Stylosphaeridae

Protozoa - Spumellaria - Stylosphaeridae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1881Stylosphaeridae Haeckel
2001Stylosphaeridae De Wever et al. p. 117

Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data

RankNameAuthor
Eukaryota()
classProtozoaGoldfuss 1820
subphylumSarcodinaSchmarda 1871
classReticulareaLankester 1885
RankNameAuthor
subclassRadiolaria(Müller 1858)
orderSpumellariaEhrenberg 1875
familyStylosphaeridaeHaeckel 1881
familyStylosphaeridaeHaeckel 1881

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. Stylosphaeridae Haeckel 1881
show all | hide all
G. Druppatractus Haeckel 1887
+
Invalid names: Druppatractus dictyococcus Rüst 1892 [nomen dubium]
G. †Dumitricasphaera Kozur and Mostler 1979
+
Dumitricasphaera elegans Bragin 2007
Dumitricasphaera goestlingensis Kozur and Mostler 1979
Dumitricasphaera latispinosa Kozur and Mostler 1979
Dumitricasphaera pennata Gorican and Buser 1990
Dumitricasphaera trispinosa Kozur and Mostler 1979
G. Lithomespilus Haeckel 1887
+
Invalid names: Lithomespilus bipolaris Rüst 1892 [nomen dubium], Lithomespilus hexacanthus Rüst 1892 [nomen dubium], Lithomespilus steinvorthi Rüst 1892 [nomen dubium]
G. †Praestylosphaera Empson-Morin 1981
G. Protoxiphotractus Pessagno 1973
G. Spongosphaera Ehrenberg 1847
+
Invalid names: Spongatractus Haeckel 1887 [objective synonym], Spongosphaera induta Rüst 1892 [nomen dubium], Spongosphaera tritestacea Rothpletz 1880 [nomen dubium]
G. †Spongostylus Haeckel 1881
+
Spongostylus carnicus Kozur and Mostler 1979
Spongostylus tortilis Kozur and Mostler 1979
Spongostylus tricostatus Kozur et al. 1996
G. †Staurolonche Haeckel 1881
+
Staurolonche extensa Ruest 1885
Staurolonche granulosum Dumitrica et al. 1980
Staurolonche insignis Rüst 1892
Staurolonche laterna Hinde 1899
Staurolonche robusta Rüst 1885
Staurolonche tenella Hinde 1899
Staurolonche trispinosa Kozur and Mostler 1979
Invalid names: Staurolonche micropora Rüst 1892 [nomen dubium], Staurolonche scitula Hinde 1899 [nomen dubium], Staurolonche spinigera Rüst 1892 [nomen dubium]
G. Stylatractus Haeckel 1887
G. Stylosphaera Ehrenberg 1847
+
Stylosphaera acuta Rüst 1892
Stylosphaera hastata Campbell and Clark 1944
Stylosphaera hispida Ehrenberg 1854
Stylosphaera obtusa Hinde 1899
Stylosphaera quasiobtusa Aberdeen 1940
Stylosphaera vetusta Hinde 1899
Invalid names: Sphaerostylus [synonym]
G. Xiphatractus Haeckel 1887
+
Xiphatractus spumeus Dumitrica 1973
G. †Zhamojdasphaera Kozur and Mostler 1979
+
Zhamojdasphaera latispinosa Kozur and Mostler 1979
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: silicap
Environment: marinep
Locomotion: passively mobilep
Life habit: planktonicp
Diet: omnivorep
Created: 2005-01-28 01:13:47
Modified: 2005-01-28 03:13:47
Source: p = phylum
Reference: Kiessling 1999

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Wuchiapingian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 259.90000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 254.17 Ma

Collections (279 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Wuchiapingian259.9 - 254.17China (Guangxi) Staurolonche sp. (95670 95672)
Changhsingian254.17 - 252.17China (Sichuan) Staurolonche sp. (220729)
Changhsingian254.17 - 252.17China (Guangxi) Staurolonche sp. (95614)
Spathian251.3 - 247.2Russian Federation (Primorsky Krai) Stylosphaera fragilis (220621 220622)
Anisian247.2 - 242.0Russian Federation (Primorsky Krai) Stylosphaera fragilis, Stylosphaera compacta (220623) Stylosphaera japonica, Stylosphaera acrior, Stylosphaera canaliculate (220626)
Anisian247.2 - 242.0China (Yunnan) Spongostylus tricostatus, Staurolonche granulosum (95438) Spongostylus tricostatus, Staurolonche granulosum, Staurolonche trispinosa (95442)
Illyrian247.2 - 242.0Thailand Spongostylus tetrapterus, Spongostylus tricostatus (130485) Spongostylus tricostatus (130486)
Illyrian247.2 - 242.0Hungary Zhamojdasphaera sp., Dumitricasphaera sp., Spongostylus tortilis (153381)
Pelsonian247.2 - 242.0Russian Federation (Primorsky Krai) Stylosphaera compacta, Staurolonche trispinosa (220624) Stylosphaera japonica, Stylosphaera acrior, Stylosphaera compacta, Stylosphaera canaliculate (220625)
Pelsonian247.2 - 242.0China (Yunnan) Spongostylus tricostatus, Staurolonche granulosum (220595) Staurolonche trispinosum, Spongostylus tricostatus, Staurolonche granulosum (220596)
Anisian - Ladinian247.2 - 237.0Russian Federation (Primorsky Krai) Stylosphaera imperspicua, Stylosphaera inaequata (220627)
Middle Triassic247.2 - 237.0China Stylosphaera sp. (131101)
Illyrian - Fassanian247.2 - 235.0Italy (Veneto) Stauracontium granulosum (96203 96204)
Illyrian - Fassanian247.2 - 235.0Slovenia Stauracontium granulosum (54018 54019 54020 54021 54022)
Illyrian - Tuvalian247.2 - 221.5Hungary Dumitricasphaera sp. (153382)
Ladinian242.0 - 237.0Thailand Dumitricasphaera goestlingensis (73875)
Fassanian242.0 - 235.0Albania Dumitricasphaera sp., Dumitricasphaera trispinosa, Stauracontium granulosum (53993)
Fassanian242.0 - 235.0Indonesia Spongostylus sp. A, Spongostylus sp. B, Spongostylus tricostatus (66917) Staurolonche granulosa (66920) Staurolonche granulosa, Staurolonche trispinosum (66918) Staurolonche granulosa, Staurolonche trispinosum, Spongostylus koppi, Spongostylus sp. A, Spongostylus sp. B, Spongostylus tricostatus (66921) Staurolonche trispinosum (66919)
Fassanian - Longobardian242.0 - 235.0Slovenia Zhamojdasphaera sp., Dumitricasphaera sp., Dumitricasphaera pennata, Dumitricasphaera trispinosa (54025) Zhamojdasphaera sp., Dumitricasphaera sp., Dumitricasphaera pennata, Dumitricasphaera trispinosa, Stauracontium granulosum (54024)
Longobardian242.0 - 235.0Slovenia Dumitricasphaera sp., Dumitricasphaera trispinosa (54027) Zhamojdasphaera latispinosa (54028 54029) Zhamojdasphaera sp., Dumitricasphaera sp., Dumitricasphaera pennata, Dumitricasphaera trispinosa (54026)
Longobardian242.0 - 235.0Croatia Zhamojdasphaera sp. (96139)
Longobardian242.0 - 235.0Turkey Dumitricasphaera sp. A (130609 130613 130622) Dumitricasphaera sp. A, Spongostylus tortilis (130608 130610 130611 130612 130614 130615 130616 130617 130618 130620 130621) Spongostylus carnicus (131009)
Carnian237.0 - 228.0Albania Spongostylus sp. (53983 53988 53992)
Carnian237.0 - 228.0Thailand Dumitricasphaera planustyla, Dumitricasphaera goestlingensis, Spongostylus tortilis (130293 130294) Dumitricasphaera planustyla, Spongostylus tortilis (130295)
Carnian237.0 - 228.0Turkey Spongostylus carnicus, Spongostylus tortilis, Zhamojdasphaera latispinosa, Dumitricasphaera simplex (130662)
Carnian237.0 - 228.0Croatia Spongostylus carnicus (96132)
Carnian237.0 - 228.0China (Xizang) Spongostylus sp. A, Spongostylus tortilis (96057)
Carnian237.0 - 228.0Oman Spongostylus tortilis (130126)
Carnian - Norian237.0 - 208.5Albania Spongostylus sp. (53990)
Carnian - Norian237.0 - 208.5Oman Spongostylus carnicus (125370) Spongostylus tortilis (125387)
Julian235.0 - 232.0Turkey Dumitricasphaera sp. A (130625 130638) Dumitricasphaera sp. A, Spongostylus tortilis (130629 130636) Spongostylus carnicus, Spongostylus tortilis, Zhamojdasphaera latispinosa, Dumitricasphaera simplex (95666) Spongostylus tortilis (130624 130632 130633 130635 130640 130641 130642 130644 130645 130646 130647 130648)
Julian235.0 - 232.0Austria Dumitricasphaera goestlingensis, Spongostylus trispinosus, Spongostylus carnicus, Spongostylus tortilis, Staurosphaera trispinosa, Dumitricasphaera latispinosa, Zhamojdasphaera latispinosa (95665)
Tuvalian232.0 - 221.5Armenia Spongostylus sp., Spongostylus carnicus (58579)
Tuvalian232.0 - 221.5Croatia Spongostylus carnicus (96133 96136)
Tuvalian - Lacian232.0 - 215.56Turkey Spongostylus carnicus, Spongostylus tortilis (130681 130689) Spongostylus tortilis (130682)
Tuvalian - Norian232.0 - 208.5Malaysia Spongostylus sp. (130423)
Norian228.0 - 208.5USA (Oregon) Spongostylus sp. A, Spongostylus sp. B, Spongostylus carnicus (96069)
Lacian221.5 - 215.56Turkey Spongostylus carnicus, Spongostylus tortilis (130684 130687 130691 130697 130698 130708 130709) Spongostylus tortilis (130696)
Lacian221.5 - 215.56Cyprus Spongostylus carnicus, Spongostylus tortilis, Dumitricasphaera elegans, Zhamojdasphaera proceruspinosa (94789 94790) Spongostylus carnicus, Spongostylus tortilis, Zhamojdasphaera proceruspinosa (73854)
Lacian - Alaunian221.5 - 212.0New Zealand Spongostylus carnicus (53969)
Alaunian215.56 - 212.0Cyprus Spongostylus carnicus (94793)
Pliensbachian190.8 - 182.7USA (California) Staurolonche sp. (87216)
Pliensbachian190.8 - 182.7Turkey (Antalya) Staurolonche extensa (81267)
Late/Upper Pliensbachian189.6 - 183.0Canada (British Columbia) Staurolonche sp. B, Staurolonche robusta (71080)
Early/Lower Toarcian183.0 - 182.0Japan Staurolonche sp. A0, Staurolonche sp. A2 (51710)
Early/Lower Toarcian183.0 - 182.0Slovenia Staurolonche spp. (67146 67150 67151 67152)
Middle Toarcian182.0 - 175.6Japan Staurolonche sp. (76521)
Middle Toarcian182.0 - 175.6Canada (British Columbia) Staurolonche ellsi, Staurolonche robusta (71084) Staurolonche ellsi, Staurolonche sp. A (71090)
Middle Toarcian - Late/Upper Toarcian182.0 - 175.6Canada (British Columbia) Staurolonche ellsi, Staurolonche sp. A (71095 71096 71098) Staurolonche ellsi, Staurolonche sp. A, Staurolonche sp. B (71099) Staurolonche sp. A, Staurolonche sp. B (71094)
Early/Lower Aalenian - Middle Aalenian175.6 - 171.6Japan Staurolonche sp. A2, Staurolonche sp. A3, Stylosphaera sp. B, Stylosphaera sp. A (51711)
Late/Upper Aalenian175.6 - 171.6Japan Staurolonche sp. A, Staurolonche sp. A2, Staurolonche sp. A3 (54166) Staurolonche sp. A, Staurolonche sp. D, Staurolonche sp. B, Staurolonche sp. C (51712)
Late/Upper Aalenian175.6 - 171.6Japan (Kochi) Staurolonche sp. A3, Staurolonche sp. C (66916)
Aalenian174.1 - 170.3Canada (British Columbia) Staurolonche ellsi, Staurolonche sp. A (71127)
Early/Lower Bajocian171.6 - 168.4Japan Staurolonche sp. A2, Staurolonche sp. B, Staurolonche sp. C, Staurolonche sp. E, Staurolonche sp. F, Staurolonche sp. A4, Staurolonche sp. A3, Stylosphaera sp. C (51713)
Early/Lower Bajocian171.6 - 168.4Canada (British Columbia) Staurolonche extensa (71116) Staurolonche sp. B (71125)
Late/Upper Bajocian171.6 - 167.7Japan Staurolonche sp. A3, Staurolonche sp. A5, Stylosphaera sp. A, Stylosphaera sp. E (51714)
Callovian166.1 - 163.5Italy Staurolonche sp. C, Staurolonche robusta (47163 47164)
Late/Upper Callovian - Early/Lower Oxfordian164.7 - 155.7Germany (Bavaria) Sphaerostylus lanceola (66991 66992)
Kimmeridgian157.3 - 152.1Oman Staurolonche spathulata (125378)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian155.7 - 150.8Antarctica Staurolonche sp. A, Spongostylus sp. B (46961)
Early/Lower Tithonian150.8 - 145.0Antarctica Spongostylus sp. B (46962 51827) Staurolonche sp. A (46972) Staurolonche sp. B (46963 51826)
Early/Lower Tithonian150.8 - 145.0Germany (Bayern) Staurolonche robusta (51151 81855)
Late/Upper Tithonian150.8 - 145.0Antarctica Spongostylus sp. B (46969)
Late/Upper Tithonian150.8 - 145.0Malaysia Sphaerostylus lanceola (69299)
Early/Lower Berriasian145.0 - 140.2Philippines Stylosphaera sp. 1 (51153)
Early/Lower Valanginian140.2 - 136.4Italy Stylosphaera macroxiphus (51779 51780 51781 51782 51783)
Late/Upper Valanginian140.2 - 136.4Italy Stylosphaera macroxiphus (51703 51704 51705 51706 51707)
Late/Upper Valanginian - Early/Lower Hauterivian140.2 - 130.0Italy Stylosphaera macroxiphus (51702)
Valanginian - Barremian139.8 - 125.0Malaysia Sphaerostylus lanceola (69300 69301)
Early/Lower Hauterivian136.4 - 130.0Italy Stylosphaera macroxiphus (49138 49139 51698 51699 51700 51701)
Late/Upper Hauterivian136.4 - 130.0Italy Stylosphaera macroxiphus (49131 49140 49141 49142 49143 49144 51792 51793)
Late/Upper Hauterivian - Early/Lower Barremian136.4 - 125.45Italy Stylosphaera macroxiphus (49130)
Late/Upper Hauterivian - Barremian136.4 - 125.0Italy Stylosphaera macroxiphus (51696 51697)
Early/Lower Barremian130.0 - 125.45Italy Stylosphaera macroxiphus (49126 49127 49128 49129 51794 51800 51801 51802 51803 51804 51805)
Late/Upper Barremian130.0 - 125.45Italy Stylosphaera macroxiphus (51799)
Late/Upper Barremian - Early/Lower Aptian130.0 - 122.46Italy Stylosphaera macroxiphus (51797 51798)
Late/Upper Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Italy Protoxiphotractus machinosus (77110) Protoxiphotractus ventosus (77296)
Middle Turonian93.5 - 89.3Canada (Nunavut) Stylosphaera sp. (165999)
Santonian86.3 - 83.6Russian Federation (Moskovskaya Oblast) Stylosphaera hastata (95983)
Santonian86.3 - 83.6Japan (Hokkaido) Protoxiphotractus perplexus (96039 96041)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1Turkey (Antalya) Protoxiphotractus sp. (90702)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1Japan (Hokkaido) Protoxiphotractus perplexus (96046)
Early/Lower Campanian83.5 - 70.6Japan (Hokkaido) Protoxiphotractus perplexus (95789)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6Australia (Tasmania) Stylosphaera hastata (95818)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6North Pacific Praestylosphaera hastata (95806)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0Czech Republic Lithomespilus coronatus (67451)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0New Zealand (Marlborough) Lithomespilus coronatus (95844 95845 95846 95847 95848 95849) Lithomespilus coronatus, Protoxiphotractus wilsoni (95843 95885 95887 95888) Lithomespilus coronatus, Protoxiphotractus wilsoni, Stylosphaera hastata (95884 95886)
Danian66.0 - 61.6New Zealand (Marlborough) Lithomespilus coronatus (95850 95851 95852 95853 95854 95855 95856 95857 95858 95859 95860 95865 95867 95868 95869 95870 95872 95876 95879 95889 95890) Lithomespilus coronatus, Protoxiphotractus wilsoni (95866 95873 95874 95880 95881 95882 95883 95895) Lithomespilus coronatus, Protoxiphotractus wilsoni, Protoxiphotractus perplexus, Stylosphaera hastata (95897) Lithomespilus coronatus, Protoxiphotractus wilsoni, Protoxiphotractus perplexus, Stylosphaera minor (95905) Lithomespilus coronatus, Protoxiphotractus wilsoni, Stylosphaera hastata (95875 95877 95878 95892 95893 95894 95896 95900 95901) Lithomespilus coronatus, Protoxiphotractus wilsoni, Stylosphaera minor (95906 95907) Lithomespilus coronatus, Protoxiphotractus wilsoni, Stylosphaera minor, Stylosphaera hastata (95902 95903 95904) Lithomespilus coronatus, Stylosphaera hastata (95891)
Selandian61.6 - 59.2New Zealand (Marlborough) Lithomespilus coronatus, Protoxiphotractus wilsoni, Stylosphaera minor (95909 95910)
Late/Upper Paleocene58.7 - 55.8China (Tibet) Stylosphaera minor (69734)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8Cyprus Stylosphaera coronata, Spongatractus pachystylus (90892 90893 90894)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Cyprus Spongatractus pachystylus (90889 90890 90891)
Middle Pleistocene0.781 - 0.126Japan Spongosphaera streptacantha (233708 233709 233711 233712) Spongosphaera streptacantha, Amphisphaera spumea (233710)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene0.781 - 0.0117Japan Spongosphaera streptacantha (233713)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.126 - 0.0117Japan Spongosphaera streptacantha, Amphisphaera spumea (233714)