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Strophomenoidea

Strophomenata - Strophomenida

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1846Strophomenacea King
1846Strophomenoidea King
1933Strophomenacea Phleger, Jr. p. 17
1938Strophomenacea Sutton p. 548
1953Strophomenacea Alikhova
1956Strophomenacea Oraspold
1960Strophomenacea Boucot p. 483
1963Strophomenacea Talent
1964Strophomenacea Boucot and Johnson p. 5
1964Strophomenoidea Boucot and Johnson p. 5
1974Strophomenacea Neuman and Bruton
1977Strophomenacea Mitchell
1982Strophomenacea Owen and Harper
1987Strophomenacea Temple p. 72
1997Strophomenoidea Jin and Chatterton
2000Strophomenoidea Williams et al. p. 217
2004Strophomenoidea Musteikis and Cocks
2004Strophomenoidea Roomusoks
2005Strophomenoidea Zhan and Jin
2008Strophomenoidea Zhan et al.
2010Strophomenoidea Cocks
2011Strophomenoidea Hansen and Holmer
2011Strophomenoidea Hoel
2011Strophomenoidea Rubel
2014Strophomenoidea Jakobsen et al.
2015Strophomenoidea Congreve et al. p. 755
2015Strophomenoidea Hints and Harper
2017Strophomenoidea Liljeroth et al.
2019Strophomenoidea Cocks p. 38

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
—Lophophorata
RankNameAuthor
—PanbrachiopodaCarlson and Cohen 2020
phylumBrachiopodaCuvier 1805
subphylumRhynchonelliformeaWilliams et al. 1996
classStrophomenataWilliams et al 1996
orderStrophomenidaOpik 1934
superfamilyStrophomenoideaKing 1846
superfamilyStrophomenoideaKing 1846

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Superfm. †Strophomenoidea King 1846
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Fm. †Amphistrophiidae Harper 1973
+
Subfm. †Amphistrophiinae Harper 1973
+
G. †Amphistrophia Hall and Clarke 1892
+
Subg. †Amphistrophia (Amphistrophiella) Harper and Boucot 1978
+
Subg. †Amphistrophiella (Amphistrophiella) Harper and Boucot 1978
Invalid names: Amphistrophiella (Amsdenostrophiella) Harper and Boucot 1978 [synonym]
†Amphistrophia striata Hall 1843
Invalid names: Strophonellites [synonym]
G. †Eoamphistrophia Harper and Boucot 1978
+
G. †Eocymostrophia Baarli 1995
+
†Eocymostrophia balderi Baarli 1995
G. †Mesodouvillina Williams 1950
+
Invalid names: Planodouvillina [synonym]
Subfm. †Mesodouvillinae Harper and Boucot 1978
+
G. †Harperoides Baranov and Blodgett 2016
+
†Harperoides alaskensis Baranov and Blodgett 2016
Subfm. †Mesodouvillininae Harper and Boucot 1978
+
G. †Maoristrophia Allan 1947
+
†Mclearnites invasor Johnson 1970
Invalid names: Mclearnitesella [synonym]
Fm. †Dicoelostrophiidae Wang and Rong 1986
+
Fm. †Douvillinidae Caster 1939
+
Subfm. †Douvillininae Caster 1939
+
+
†Douvillina arcuata Hall 1858
†Douvillina area Mottequin 2008
†Douvillina dorlodoti Asselberghs 1912
†Douvillina dutertrei Murchison 1840
†Douvillina dutertrii Murchison 1840
†Douvillina minuta Cooper and Dutro 1982
†Douvillina parviuscula Cooper and Dutro 1982
†Douvillina rectanguiata Cooper and Dutro 1982
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†Douvillinaria diversa Cooper and Dutro 1982
Subfm. †Protodouvillininae Harper and Boucot 1978
+
+
Invalid names: Fibulistrophia [synonym]
+
Invalid names: Sinoshaleria [synonym]
G. †Nadiastrophia Talent 1963
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†Nadiastrophia superba Talent 1963
Invalid names: Xenostrophia [synonym]
+
†Phragmostrophia merriami Harper et al. 1967
G. †Radiomena
+
Invalid names: Ancylostrophia [synonym]
+
Invalid names: Kinelina [synonym]
Fm. †Eopholidostrophiidae Rong and Cocks 1994
+
G. †Mesopholidostrophia Williams 1950
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†Mesopholidostrophia laevigata de Sowerby and Murchison 1839
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Invalid names: Pholidostrophia (Mesopholidostrophia) pellucida Williams 1950 [synonym]
†Mesopholidostrophia nitens Williams 1950
Invalid names: Mesolissostrophia [synonym]
Fm. †Foliomenidae Williams 1965
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G. †Foliomena Havlicek 1952
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†Foliomena folium Barrande 1879
†Foliomena prisca Popov et al. 2002
†Foliomena xinjiangensis Zhan et al. 2014
Invalid names: Jielingia [synonym]
Fm. †Furcitellidae Williams 1965
+
G. †Bekkerina Roomusoks 1993
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†Bekkerina assatkini Alichova 1951
†Bekkerina dorsata Bekker 1921
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†Oepikina dorsata dorsata Alikhova 1953
†Bekkerina raricostellata Roomusoks 1993
†Oepikina dorsata media Öpik 1930
G. †Biparetis Amsden 1974
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†Biparetis caledonia Cocks 2008
†Biparetis paucirugosus Amsden 1974
G. †Crassoseptaria Roomusoks 2004
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†Crassoseptaria virve Roomusoks 1985
G. †Cyphomenoidea Cocks 1968
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†Cyphomenoidea bella Williams 1951
Cyphomenoidea wisgoriensis Lamont and Gilbert 1945
G. †Dactylogonia Ulrich and Cooper 1942
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†Dactylogonia alternata Cooper 1956
†Dactylogonia blyskavensis Havlicek 1967
†Dactylogonia costellata Liljeroth et al. 2017
†Dactylogonia extensa Cooper 1956
†Dactylogonia geniculata Ulrich and Cooper 1942
†Dactylogonia obsoleta Butts 1926
†Dactylogonia palustris Willard 1928
†Dactylogonia sculpturata Cooper 1956
†Dactylogonia semiglobosina Davidson 1870
Invalid names: Blyskavomena Havlicek 1976 [synonym], Cyphomena Cooper 1956 [synonym]
+
†Dzhebaglina plicata Popov et al. 2000
G. †Furcitella Cooper 1956
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†Furcitella nodosa Dewing 1999
†Furcitella plicata Cooper 1956
†Furcitella scofieldi Winchell and Schuchert 1892
G. †Geniculina Roomusoks 1993
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†Geniculina ralfi Roomusoks 2004
†Geniculina vironiensis Roomusoks 2004
†Geniculina voorensis Roomusoks 2004
G. †Geniculomena Percival 2009
+
†Geniculomena barnesi Percival 2009
G. †Haljalanites Roomusoks 2004
+
†Haljalanites anijana Opik 1930
†Haljalanites assatkini Alichova 1951
†Haljalanites grandis Alikhova 1953
G. †Karomena Popov et al. 2000
+
†Karomena squalida Popov et al. 2000
G. †Kirkina
+
†Kirkina millardensis Salmon 1942
G. †Luhaia Roomusoks 1956
+
†Luhaia bakanasensis Klenina 1984
†Luhaia candelabra Cocks 2005
†Luhaia vardi Roomusoks 1956
G. †Maakina
+
†Maakina parvuliformis Rozman 1972
G. †Mansina
G. †Megamyonia Wang 1949
+
†Megamyonia arethusa Billings 1862
†Megamyonia breviuscula Foerste 1917
†Megamyonia gracilis Twenhofel 1928
†Megamyonia knighti Wang 1949
†Megamyonia mankini Alberstadt 1973
†Megamyonia nitens Billings 1860
†Megamyonia unicostata Meek and Worthen 1868
†Megamyonia vaurealensis Twenhofel 1928
G. †Molongcola Percival 1991
+
†Molongcola variabilis Percival 1991
G. †Murinella Cooper 1956
+
†Murinella biconvexa Cooper 1956
†Murinella jakutensis Andreeva 1961
†Murinella muralis Cooper 1956
†Murinella partita Cooper 1956
†Murinella walliensis Percival 1991
G. †Oepikina Salmon 1942
+
†Oepikina anijana Opik 1930
+
†Oepikina anijana grandis Alikhova 1953
†Oepikina anijana anijana Alikhova 1953
†Oepikina banksi Laurie 1991
†Oepikina bellula Cooper 1956
†Oepikina gregaria Cooper 1956
†Oepikina inquassa Sardeson 1892
†Oepikina lata Whiteaves 1896
†Oepikina limbrata Wang 1949
†Oepikina minnesotensis Winchell 1881
†Oepikina pergibbosa Foerste 1917
+
Invalid names: Oepikina altidorsata Bradley 1921 [synonym]
†Oepikina septata Salmon 1942
†Oepikina speciosa Cooper 1956
†Oepikina tumida Wilson 1944
Invalid names: Oepikinella [synonym]
G. †Oslomena Spjeldnaes 1957
+
†Oslomena celtica Harper 1952
†Oslomena osloensis Spjeldnaes 1957
†Oslomena papillo Spjeldnaes 1957
G. †Panderites Roomusoks 1993
+
†Panderites imbrex Pander 1830
+
Invalid names: Plectambonites triangularis Pander 1830 [synonym]
G. †Pentlandina Bancroft 1949
+
†Pentlandina harperi Zhang 1989
†Pentlandina lamelliformis Jin and Chatterton 1997
†Pentlandina lewisii Davidson 1847
†Pentlandina loveni Verneuil 1848
†Pentlandina parvula Kindle 1915
†Pentlandina tartana Bancroft 1949
G. †Quondongia Percival 1991
+
†Quondongia alitis Percival 1991
G. †Sakunites Roomusoks 2004
+
†Sakunites luhi Sokolskaya 1954
G. †Tallinnites Roomusoks 1993
+
†Tallinnites imbrexoidea Sokolskaya 1954
†Tallinnites peetriensis Roomusoks 2004
Invalid names: Kukrusena Roomusoks 2004 [synonym]
+
†Teratelasmella chugaevae Popov et al. 2002
G. †Titanomena Bergström 1968
+
†Titanomena grandis Bergström 1968
G. †Transridgeia Rasmussen et al. 2012
+
†Transridgeia costata Rasmussen et al. 2012
G. †Trigrammaria Wilson 1945
+
†Trigrammaria altilis Wilson 1945
†Trigrammaria ampla Percival 1991
†Trigrammaria cassata Williams 1962
†Trigrammaria estonica Roomusoks 1985
†Trigrammaria minima Roomusoks 1985
†Trigrammaria trigonalis Wilson 1945
†Trigrammaria winchelli Hall and Clarke 1892
Invalid names: Microtrypa Wilson 1945 [synonym]
G. †Trotlandella Neuman and Bruton 1974
+
†Trotlandella loki Neuman and Bruton 1974
Fm. †Glyptomenidae Williams 1965
+
G. †Cheramomena Zhan et al. 2008
+
†Cheramomena subsolana Zhan et al. 2008
Subfm. †Glyptomeninae Williams 1965
+
G. †Avdeevella Baranov 2017
+
†Avdeevella mica Baranov 2017
G. †Buminomena Popov and Cocks 2014
+
†Buminomena abayi Klenina 1984
G. †Bystromena Williams 1974
+
†Bystromena perplexa Williams 1974
G. †Glyptomena Cooper 1956
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†Glyptomena brumalis Reed 1917
†Glyptomena distans Raymond 1906
†Glyptomena karasuensis Rozman and Severgina 1983
†Glyptomena kaskolica Nikitin et al. 2003
†Glyptomena onerosa Popov 1980
†Glyptomena prisca Raymond 1905
†Glyptomena rugulosa Zhan and Jin 2005
†Glyptomena sculpturata Cooper 1956
†Glyptomena trippi Williams 1962
G. †Hesperinia Cooper 1956
+
†Hesperinia asturica Villas et al. 1989
†Hesperinia kirki Cooper 1956
†Hesperinia sinensis Rong and Zhan 1999
G. †Mjoesina Spjeldnaes 1957
+
†Mjoesina ceres Billings 1860
†Mjoesina mjoesensis Holtedahl 1916
†Mjoesina moorei Mitchell 1977
†Mjoesina rugata Williams 1962
†Mjoesina rugata plana Williams 1962
G. †Paromalomena Rong 1984
+
+
Invalid names: Paromalomena polonica Temple 1965 [synonym]
†Paromalomena zheni Percival 2009
Invalid names: Shanomena Cocks and Fortey 2002 [objective synonym]
G. †Pionomena
+
†Pionomena emaciata Winchell and Schuchert 1892
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Invalid names: Holtedahlina emaciata Rice and Hedblom 1987 [synonym]
†Pionomena neumani Cooper 1956
†Pionomena recens Neuman 1967
G. †Platymena Cooper 1956
+
†Platymena amara Andreeva 1955
†Platymena bellatula Cooper 1956
†Platymena plana Cooper 1956
†Platymena tersa Popov and Cocks 2006
G. †Pomeromena Mitchell 1977
+
†Pomeromena transversa Mitchell 1977
G. †Primotimena Zhan et al. 2013
+
†Primotimena globula Zhan et al. 2013
G. †Proboscisambon Havlicek and Mergl 1982
+
†Proboscisambon quaesita Barrande 1879
G. †Qianomena Rong and Yang 1981
+
†Qianomena costata Rong and Yang 1981
†Qianomena unicosta Rong and Yang 1981
G. †Resupinsculpta Percival 2009
+
†Resupinsculpta cuprafodina Percival 2009
G. †Glyptomenoides Popov and Cocks 2006
+
G. †Lateriseptomena Zhan et al. 2008
+
†Lateriseptomena modesta Zhan et al. 2008
†Lateriseptomena rugosa Zhan et al. 2008
G. †Minutomena Zeng et al. 2016
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†Minutomena yichangensis Zeng et al. 2016
Subfm. †Teratelasminae Pope 1976
+
+
†Tashanomena variabilis Zhan and Rong 1994
G. †Trondomena Cocks 2005
+
†Trondomena bella Cocks 2005
G. †Ungulomena Cocks 2005
+
†Ungulomena lindstroemi Cocks 2005
G. †Idioglyptus Northrop 1939
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†Idioglyptus stigmatus Northrop 1939
Fm. †Leptaenoideidae Williams 1953
+
G. †Leptaenisca Beecher 1890
+
†Leptaenisca concava Hall 1857
†Leptaenisca irregularis Amsden 1951
G. †Leptaenoidea Hedström 1917
+
†Leptaenoidea rugata Lindström 1861
†Leptaenoidea silurica Hedström 1917
G. †Liljevallia Hedstrom 1917
+
†Liljevallia amorpha Zhang 1989
†Liljevallia gotlandica Hedstrom 1917
†Liljevallia vieillensis Northrop 1939
Fm. †Leptodontellidae Williams 1965
+
+
Invalid names: Altaestrophia [synonym]
+
†Sulcatostrophia calvini Miller 1883
†Sulcatostrophia euglyphea Stainbrook 1945
Invalid names: Pseudodouvillina Stainbrook 1945 [synonym]
Fm. †Leptostrophiidae Caster 1939
+
G. †Brachyprion Shaler 1865
+
Subg. †Brachyprion (Eomegastrophia) Cocks 1967
+
†Strophomena philomela Billings 1860
Subg. †Brachyprion (Erinostrophia) Cocks and Worsley 1993
+
†Erinostrophia undata McCoy 1846
†Brachyprion arenacea Davidson 1871
†Brachyprion arenaceus Lamont and Gilbert 1945
†Brachyprion attenuata Amsden 1951
†Brachyprion kurzemensis Rybnikova 1966
†Brachyprion leda Billings 1860
†Brachyprion mirabilis Johnson 1970
†Brachyprion portlocki Reed 1952
†Brachyprion robustus Twenhofel 1928
+
†Castellaroina fascifer Kayser 1897
†Castellaroina fuertensis Benedetto and Montoya 2015
†Castellaroina telimelensis Racheboeuf and Villeneuve 1992
G. †Eomegastrophia Cocks 1967
+
†Eomegastrophia ethica Cocks 1967
†Eomegastrophia philomena Billings 1860
G. †Eostropheodonta Bancroft 1949
+
†Eostropheodonta chilcaensis Benedetto 1995
†Eostropheodonta chilcaensis parvula Benedetto and Montoya 2015
†Eostropheodonta conradii Harrington 1950
†Eostropheodonta delicata Baarli 1995
†Eostropheodonta discumbata Cocks et al. 1970
+
Invalid names: Eostropheodonta siluriana Davidson 1871 [synonym], Eostropheodonta whittingtoni Bancroft 1949 [synonym]
†Eostropheodonta luna Angelin and Lindström 1880
†Eostropheodonta schmalenseei Bergström 1968
†Eostropheodonta squamosa Havlicek 1971
+
Invalid names: Eostropheodonta jebiletensis Havlicek 1971 [synonym]
†Eostropheodonta ultrix Marek and Havlíček 1967
Invalid names: Aphanomena Bergstrom 1968 [synonym], Neokjaerina [synonym]
+
†Gibberostrophia gibbera Amsden 1958
G. †Leptostrophia Hall and Clarke 1892
+
Subg. †Leptostrophia (Leptostrophia) Hall and Clarke 1892
†Leptostrophia beckii Hall 1857
†Leptostrophia reedi Bancroft 1949
Invalid names: Magniventra Harper and Boucot 1978 [synonym]
G. †Mesoleptostrophia Harper and Boucot 1978
+
†Mesoleptostrophia cocksi Havlicek and Storch 1990
†Mesoleptostrophia filosa Sowerby 1839
Invalid names: Leptostrophiella [synonym], Mitchellella [synonym]
+
†Nervostrophia extensa Cooper and Dutro 1982
†Nervostrophia geniculata Cooper and Dutro 1982
†Nervostrophia latissima Quenstedt 1871
†Nervostrophia mucrospina Cooper and Dutro 1982
†Nervostrophia multinervosa Stainbrook 1945
†Nervostrophia plana Cooper and Dutro 1982
†Nervostrophia solida Cooper and Dutro 1982
G. †Palaeoleptostrophia Rong and Cocks 1994
+
†Palaeoleptostrophia compressa de Sowerby and Murchison 1839
†Palaeoleptostrophia tenuis Williams 1951
G. †Protoleptostrophia Caster 1939
+
Invalid names: Siberistrophia [synonym], Tastaria [synonym]
G. †Protomegastrophia Caster 1939
+
G. †Retrorstrophia Mottequin 2008
+
†Retrorstrophia retrorsa Kayser 1881
G. †Viodostrophia Villas and Cocks 1996
G. †Playfairia Conrad 1839
Fm. †Rafinesquinidae Schuchert 1893
+
G. †Crassitestella Baarli 1995
+
†Crassitestella reedi Cocks 1968
G. †Kiaeromena Spjeldnaes 1957
+
Subg. †Kiaeromena (Bekkeromena) Roomusoks 1963
+
†Bekkeromena ilmari Roomusoks 2004
†Bekkeromena infirma Roomusoks 2004
†Bekkeromena semipartita Roemer 1861
Subg. †Kiaeromena (Kiaeromena) Spjeldnaes 1957
+
Invalid names: Kiaeromena (Estomena) Rõõmusoks 1989 [synonym]
†Kiaeromena estonensis Bekker 1921
+
Invalid names: Leptaena trigonalis Schmidt 1908 [replaced]
†Kiaeromena ungula McCoy 1851
G. †Kjaerina Bancroft 1929
+
Subg. †Kjaerina (Villasina) Colmenar 2016
+
†Kjaerina bipartita Salter 1854
†Kjaerina complanata de Sowerby and Murchison 1839
†Kjaerina hartae Jin et al. 1995
†Kjaerina hedstroemi Bancroft 1929
†Kjaerina jonesi Bancroft 1929
+
Invalid names: Kjaerina horderleyensis Bancroft 1929 [synonym], Kjaerina intermedia Bancroft 1929 [synonym], Kjaerina latericostata Cocks 2010 [synonym], Kjaerina richteri Bancroft 1929 [synonym]
†Kjaerina lepta Spjeldnaes 1957
†Kjaerina orvikui Oraspold 1956
†Kjaerina poljensis Alichova 1951
†Kjaerina poljiensis Alichova 1951
†Kjaerina typa Bancroft 1929
+
Invalid names: Kjaerina geniculata Bancroft 1929 [synonym]
G. †Kjerulfina Bancroft 1929
+
†Kjerulfina broeggeri Holtedahl 1916
†Kjerulfina foliovalve Spjeldnaes 1957
†Kjerulfina limbata Spjeldnaes 1957
†Kjerulfina polycyma Bancroft 1929
†Kjerulfina trigonalis Bancroft 1929
Subfm. †Leptaeninae Hall and Clarke 1894
+
G. †Astamena Roomusoks 1989
+
†Astamena inaequalis Roomusoks 1989
G. †Estonomena Roomusoks 1989
+
†Estonomena kalevi Roomusoks 2004
†Estonomena lindae Roomusoks 1989
G. †Glossoleptaena Havlicek 1967
+
†Glossoleptaena emarginata Barrande 1879
†Glossoleptaena pixis Kelly 1967
Invalid names: Ludfordina Kelly 1967 [synonym]
G. †Harjumena Roomusoks 1993
+
†Harjumena schmidti Gagel and Holtedahl 1916
G. †Hollardina Racheboeuf et al. 1982
+
†Hollardina plana Racheboeuf et al. 1982
G. †Lepidoleptaena Havlicek 1963
+
†Lepidoleptaena lepidula Barrande 1879
G. †Leptaena Dalman 1828
+
†Conchita rhomboidalis Wahlenberg 1818
Subg. †Leptaena (Leptaena) Dalman 1828
+
†Leptaena (Leptaena) altera Rybnikova 1966
+
Invalid names: Leptaena venzavensis Rybnikova 1966 [synonym]
†Leptaena (Leptaena) strandi Spjeldnaes 1957
†Leptaena (Leptaena) tenuistriata de Sowerby and Murchison 1839
†Leptaena (Leptaena) trifidum Marek and Havlíček 1967
†Leptaena acuticuspidata Amsden 1958
†Leptaena aequalis Amsden 1974
†Leptaena alliku Oraspold 1956
†Leptaena amelia Havlicek 1967
†Leptaena analogaeformis Biernat 1966
†Leptaena arberae Kelly 1967
†Leptaena argentina Thomas 1905
†Leptaena borghiana Mergl and Massa 1992
†Leptaena boyaca Caster 1939
†Leptaena contermina Cocks 1968
†Leptaena convexa Weller 1914
†Leptaena cooperi Easton et al. 1958
†Leptaena croma Havlicek and Storch 1990
†Leptaena crypta Öpik 1930
†Leptaena cryptoides Oraspold 1956
†Leptaena dejecta Baarli 1995
†Leptaena delicata Amsden 1949
†Leptaena electra Havlicek 1967
†Leptaena ennessbe Spjeldnaes 1957
†Leptaena gibbosa James 1874
†Leptaena holcrofti Bassett 1974
†Leptaena indigena Spjeldnaes 1957
†Leptaena ingrica Roomusoks 2004
†Leptaena kentuckiana Pope 1982
†Leptaena lappa Havlicek and Storch 1990
†Leptaena lappina Havlicek and Storch 1990
†Leptaena lemniscata Havlicek 1967
†Leptaena limbifera Havlicek 1967
†Leptaena minuta Kiaer 1926
†Leptaena moniquensis Foerste 1924
†Leptaena nanaformis Zhang et al. 1983
†Leptaena nassichuki Smith 1980
†Leptaena odeon Havlicek 1967
†Leptaena oklahomensis Amsden 1951
†Leptaena orhor Havlicek and Storch 1990
†Leptaena parvirugata Hoel 2005
†Leptaena parvissima Ivanovskii and Kulkov 1974
†Leptaena paucirugata Roomusoks 1989
†Leptaena poulseni Kelly 1967
†Leptaena praequalis Rozman 1977
†Leptaena provellerosa Havlicek and Storch 1990
†Leptaena purpurea Cocks 1968
†Leptaena quadrata Bancroft 1949
†Leptaena rara Alekseeva and Erlanger 1983
†Leptaena rhomboidalis Wahlenberg 1818
†Leptaena richmondensis Foerste 1909
+
Invalid names: Leptaena precursor Foerste 1909 [synonym]
†Leptaena rugaurita Havlicek 1967
†Leptaena rugosa Dalman 1828
+
Invalid names: Leptaena (Leptaena) martinensis Cocks 1968 [synonym]
†Leptaena salopiensis Williams 1963
†Leptaena semiradiata Sowerby 1842
†Leptaena sperion Bassett 1977
†Leptaena valida Bancroft 1949
†Leptaena veldrensis Spjeldnaes 1957
†Leptaena vellerosa Havlicek 1967
†Leptaena ventricosa Williams 1963
†Leptaena ventricosa Hall 1857
†Leptaena wesenbergensis Alichova 1954
†Leptaena zeta Lamont 1947
†Leptaena ziegleri Cocks 1968
Invalid names: Kurnamena Roomusoks 1989 [synonym], Leptaenopoma Marek and Havlíček 1967 [synonym], Orhoria Havlicek and Storch 1990 [synonym], Similoleptaena Roomusoks 1989 [synonym], Turgenostrophia [synonym]
G. †Leptaenopyxis Havlícek 1963
+
†Leptaenopyxis bouei Barrande 1848
†Leptaenopyxis kerfornei Racheboeuf 1976
+
†Leptagonia analoga Phillips 1836
†Leptagonia goldfussiana Barrande 1848
†Leptagonia relicta Havlicek 1967
Invalid names: Adiaphragma [synonym], Semileptagonia [synonym]
G. †Mackerrovia Cocks 1968
+
†Mackerrovia jinei Cocks 2014
†Mackerrovia lobatus Lamont and Gilbert 1945
G. †Notoleptaena Gill 1951
+
†Notoleptaena undulifera Talent 1963
G. †Oandumena Roomusoks 1989
+
†Oandumena fluviatalis Oraspold 1956
†Oandumena fluviatilis Oraspold 1956
+
Invalid names: Elliptostrophia [synonym], Yunnanoleptaena [synonym]
G. †Schmidtomena Roomusoks 1989
+
†Schmidtomena acuteplicata Schmidt 1908
G. †Tchadania
Invalid names: Leptaenidae Hall and Clarke 1894 [replaced]
Subfm. †Rafinesquininae Schuchert 1893
+
G. †Colaptomena Cooper 1956
+
†Colaptomena auduni Liljeroth et al. 2017
†Colaptomena concentrica Portlock 1843
†Colaptomena expansa de Sowerby and Murchison 1839
+
†Colaptomena expansa prolata Williams 1963
†Colaptomena macallumi Reed 1917
†Colaptomena obesa Cooper 1956
Invalid names: Macrocoelia [synonym]
G. †Dirafinesquina Cocks and Zhan 1998
+
†Dirafinesquina antiqua Popov and Cocks 2017
†Dirafinesquina globosa Cocks and Zhan 1998
G. †Hedstroemina Bancroft 1929
+
†Hedstroemina fragilis Bancroft 1929
+
Invalid names: Hedstroemina callawayiana Davidson 1883 [replaced], Hedstroemina parva Bancroft 1929 [synonym], Hedstroemina robusta Bancroft 1929 [synonym]
†Hedstroemina mundae Sharpe 1853
†Hedstroemina oanduensis Oraspold 1956
†Hedstroemina orvikui Oraspold 1956
†Hedstroemina reticulata Shaler 1865
†Hedstroemina ungula Spjeldnaes 1957
G. †Heteromena Zhan and Jin 2005
+
†Heteromena dorsiconversa Zhan and Jin 2005
+
†Hibernodonta praeco Harper et al. 1985
G. †Odoratus
G. †Pentagomena Zhan and Jin 2005
+
†Pentagomena parvicostellata Zhan and Jin 2005
G. †Pirgumena Roomusoks 1993
+
†Pirgumena martnai Roomusoks 1993
G. †Rafinesquina Hall and Clarke 1892
+
Subg. †Rafinesquina (Playfairia) Conrad 1839
+
Subg. †Rafinesquina (Rafinesquina) Hall and Clarke 1892
†Rafinesquina declivis James 1874
†Rafinesquina delicata Williams 1974
†Rafinesquina deltoidea Conrad 1838
†Rafinesquina gibbosa Wilson 1944
†Rafinesquina insidiosa Williams 1962
†Rafinesquina lignani Villas 1985
†Rafinesquina mesicosta Shumard 1860
†Rafinesquina mucronata Foerste 1914
†Rafinesquina nasuta Emmons 1842
†Rafinesquina percensis Cooper and Kindle 1936
†Rafinesquina planulata Cooper 1956
†Rafinesquina ponderosa Hayes and Ulrich 1903
†Rafinesquina praecursor Raymond 1921
†Rafinesquina pseudoloricata Barrande 1848
†Rafinesquina relicua Benedetto 1995
+
Invalid names: Rafinesquina mesistria Savage 1913 [synonym]
†Rafinesquina ultrix Marek and Havlíček 1967
†Rafinesquina urbicola Marek and Havlíček 1967
G. †Rakverina Roomusoks 1993
+
†Rakverina inaequiclina Alichova 1951
†Rakverina oanduensis Oraspold 1956
†Rakverina subaequiclina Alichova 1951
G. †Shuangheella Zhan et al. 2013
+
†Shuangheella elongata Zhan et al. 2013
G. †Testaprica Percival 2009
+
†Testaprica ajaguzensis Borissiak 1956
†Testaprica rhodesi Percival 2009
G. †Virunites Roomusoks 2004
+
†Virunites orvikui Oraspold 1956
G. †Scamnomena Bassett 1977
+
†Scamnomena rugata Lindström 1861
G. †Rhenostrophia Boucot 1960
Fm. †Shaleriidae Williams 1965
+
G. †Shaleria Caster 1939
+
Subg. †Shaleria (Janiomya) Havlíček 1967
+
Subg. †Shaleria (Protoshaleria) Cocks and Rong 2000
Subg. †Shaleria (Shaleria) Harper and Boucot 1978
Subg. †Shaleria (Shaleriella) Harper and Boucot 1978
+
+
Invalid names: Shaleriella delicata Harper and Boucot 1978 [synonym]
†Shaleria dzwinogrodensis Kozlowski 1929
†Shaleria gilpeni Dawson 1881
Invalid names: Protoshaleria [synonym]
Fm. †Strophomenidae King 1846
+
G. †Bellimurina Cooper 1956
+
Subg. †Bellimurina (Bellimurina) Cooper 1956
+
†Bellimurina (Bellimurina) charlottae Winchell and Schuchert 1892
+
Invalid names: Bellimurina halli Sardeson 1892 [synonym]
†Bellimurina compressa Cooper 1956
†Bellimurina concentrica Cooper 1956
†Bellimurina incommoda Williams 1963
†Bellimurina sarytumensis Popov et al. 2002
†Bellimurina subquadrata Cooper 1956
†Bellimurina sulcata Cooper 1956
G. †Chunanomena Zhan et al. 2008
+
†Chunanomena sembellina Zhan et al. 2008
†Chunanomena triporcata Zhan et al. 2008
G. †Gosaukammerella Senowbari-Daryan and Flügel 1996
+
G. †Iberomena Villas 1995
+
†Iberomena sardoa Vinassa 1927
G. †Nasutimena Jin and Zhan 2001
+
†Nasutimena fluctuosa Billings 1860
†Nasutimena undulosa Roy 1941
G. †Opikina Salmon 1942
+
†Opikina clara Okulitch 1935
†Opikina expatiata Cooper 1956
†Opikina extensa Cooper 1956
†Opikina glabella Cooper 1956
†Opikina matutina Cooper 1956
†Opikina nasuta Cooper 1956
†Opikina parvula Cooper 1956
†Opikina platys Wilson 1944
†Opikina rugosa Wilson 1921
†Opikina septata Salmon 1942
†Opikina varia Cooper 1956
G. †Oxostrophomena Nikitina et al. 2006
+
†Oxostrophomena dubia Rukavishnikova 1956
G. †Septomena Roomusoks 1989
+
†Leptaena (Septomena) alaskensis Rasmussen et al. 2012
†Septomena alliku Oraspold 1956
†Septomena crypta Öpik 1930
†Septomena cryptoides Oraspold 1956
†Septomena senecta Roomusoks 2004
Subfm. †Strophomeninae King 1846
+
G. †Actinomena Opik 1930
+
†Actinomena orta Öpik 1930
+
Invalid names: Actinomena quitana Öpik 1930 [synonym]
G. †Drummuckina Bancroft 1949
+
†Drummuckina donax Reed 1917
G. †Esilia
G. †Gunnarella Spjeldnaes 1957
+
†Gunnarella corrugata Conrad 1842
†Gunnarella corrugatella Portlock 1843
†Gunnarella delta Spjeldnaes 1957
†Gunnarella magnifica Cocks 2005
†Gunnarella mcdermotti Cocks 2014
†Strophomena (Gunnarella) beta Spjeldnaes 1957
G. †Holtedahlina Foerste 1924
+
†Holtedahlina moensis Roomusoks 2004
†Holtedahlina orientalis Popov and Cocks 2006
†Holtedahlina paraprostrata Jin and Zhan 2001
†Holtedahlina rakverensis Oraspold 1956
†Holtedahlina sakuensis Oraspold 1956
†Holtedahlina sinica Zhan and Cocks 1998
†Holtedahlina subtilis Roomusoks 2004
†Holtedahlina suedica Cocks 2005
†Holtedahlina sulcata Hall and Clarke 1892
†Holtedahlina varsensis Foerste 1924
G. †Infurca Percival 1979
+
†Infurca tessellata Percival 1979
G. †Leigerina Roomusoks 2004
+
†Leigerina hiiuensis Roomusoks 2004
G. †Longvillia Bancroft 1933
+
†Longvillia asmusi Verneuil 1845
†Longvillia deficiens Reed 1917
†Longvillia grandis de Sowerby and Murchison 1839
†Longvillia lanx Popov 1985
†Longvillia mediterranea Havlicek 1981
†Longvillia norvegica Spjeldnaes 1957
†Strophomena norvegica lata Williams 1962
G. †Ochyromena Zhan et al. 2013
+
†Ochyromena plana Zhan et al. 2013
G. †Pseudostrophomena Roomusoks 1963
+
†Pseudostrophomena reclinis Roomusoks 1963
G. †Rhipidomena Cooper 1956
+
†Rhipidomena mesleri Cooper 1956
†Rhipidomena subparallela Cooper 1956
†Rhipidomena tennesseensis Willard 1928
†Rhipidomena tenuitesta Willard 1928
G. †Rugomena Rõõmusoks 1993
+
†Rugomena adilensis Rõõmusoks 1993
†Rugomena kiaeri Holtedahl 1916
†Rugomena planocorrugata Twenhofel 1928
†Rugomena vetusta James 1874
G. †Saxbyonia Roomusoks 2004
+
†Saxbyonia fluctuosa Roomusoks 2004
G. †Semnanostrophia Ghobadi Pour et al. 2011
+
†Semnanostrophia lata Ghobadi Pour et al. 2011
G. †Strophomena Rafinesque and De Blainville 1824
+
Subg. †Strophomena (Eostrophomena) Walcott 1905
Subg. †Strophomena (Keilamena) Rõõmusoks 1993
+
†Keilamena hirsuta Spjeldnaes 1957
†Keilamena steinari Spjeldnaes 1957
Subg. †Strophomena (Pentlandina) Bancroft 1949
Subg. †Strophomena (Strophomena) Rafinesque and De Blainville 1824
+
†Strophomena aesopea Barrande 1879
†Strophomena amoena Wang 1949
†Strophomena arcuata Shaler 1865
†Strophomena auburnensis Fenton 1928
†Strophomena billingsi Winchell and Schuchert 1893
†Strophomena cancellata Portlock 1843
†Strophomena compressa Sowerby 1823
†Strophomena concordensis Foerste 1909
†Strophomena depressa Vanuxem 1842
†Strophomena dignata Fenton 1928
†Strophomena extensa Wilson 1932
†Strophomena filitexta Hall 1847
†Strophomena folium Barrande 1879
†Strophomena fontinalis White 1874
†Strophomena grandes Okulitch 1935
†Strophomena hollii Davidson 1871
†Strophomena huronensis Foerste 1912
†Strophomena incurvata Shephard 1838
†Strophomena inspeciosa Willard 1928
†Strophomena keilhaui Holtedahl 1916
†Strophomena lata Spjeldnaes 1957
†Strophomena lethea Nikiforova 1955
†Strophomena magna Wilson 1945
†Strophomena maysvillensis Foerste 1909
†Strophomena minuta Wilson 1944
†Strophomena nutans Hall and Clarke 1892
†Strophomena occidentalis Foerste 1912
†Strophomena parvula Foerste 1917
†Strophomena parvula Langenhan 1899
†Strophomena pectenoides Andreeva 1961
†Strophomena pectinoides Andreeva 1961
+
Invalid names: Strophomena rugosa Rafinesque and De Blainville 1824 [replaced]
†Strophomena plattinensis Fenton 1928
†Strophomena rukavishnikovae Nikitina 1985
†Strophomena satterfieldi Amsden 1974
†Strophomena scofieldi Winchell and Schuchert 1892
†Strophomena sculpturata Bassler 1919
†Strophomena septata Winchell and Schuchert 1892
†Strophomena sinuata Meek 1873
†Strophomena trilobata Owen 1852
†Strophomena varsensis Dyer 1923
†Strophomena vetusta James 1874
Invalid names: Streptorhynchus (Strophomena) James 1874 [invalid subgroup]
G. †Tetraphalerella Wang 1949
+
†Tetraphalerella bestiubensis Nikitin et al. 2003
†Tetraphalerella churchillensis Jin et al. 1997
†Tetraphalerella hecuba Billings 1860
†Tetraphalerella planodorsata Winchell and Schuchert 1892
Invalid names: Leptaenoideinae Williams 1953 [empty], Oepikinae Sokolskaya 1960 [empty], Orthotetinae Waagen 1884 [empty], Rafinesquinae Pander [empty]
Fm. †Strophonellidae Caster 1939
+
G. †Chronostrophonella Cocks 2008
+
G. †Eostrophonella Williams 1950
+
†Eostrophonella antiqua Rozman 1977
†Eostrophonella davidsoni Holtedahl 1916
†Eostrophonella eothen Williams 1951
†Eostrophonella polita Bancroft 1949
G. †Strophonella Hall 1879
+
Subg. †Strophonella (Quasistrophonella) Harper and Boucot 1978
+
†Strophonella bohemica Barrande 1848
†Strophonella eothen Williams 1951
†Strophonella extensa Northrop 1939
†Strophonella laxiplicata Foerste 1903
†Strophonella loeblichi Amsden 1951
†Strophonella patenta Hall 1852
Invalid names: Costistrophonella [synonym], Strophoprion Twenhofel 1914 [synonym]
G. †Syntrophodonta Struve 1982
Invalid names: Strophomenacea King 1846 [replaced], Strophomenidea King 1846 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: low Mg calcitep
Environment: marineuc
Locomotion: stationaryo
Attached: yesp
Life habit: epifaunalo
Diet: suspension feedero
Vision: blindc
Created: 2004-02-28 14:13:23
Modified: 2009-04-13 11:03:33
Source: o = order, c = class, p = phylum, uc = unranked clade
References: Nesnidal et al. 2013, Aberhan et al. 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Dawan to the top of the Sevatian or 478.60000 to 205.60000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 477.7 Ma

Collections (6142 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Tremadoc486.5 - 477.7China (Hunan and Hubei) Rafinesquina sp. (7720)
Tremadoc486.5 - 477.7China (Hubei) Rafinesquina sp., Strophomena sp. (7728)
Ordovician485.4 - 443.8USA (New York) Rafinesquina sp., Strophomena sp., Oepikina sp. (332)
Ordovician485.4 - 443.8USA (Tennessee) Strophomena sp. (1959)
Dawan478.6 - 468.1China (Hubei) Strophomena sp. (7727)
Arenig478.6 - 466.0China (YunNan) Rafinesquina sp., Strophomena sp. (7741)
Arenig478.6 - 466.0China (GanSu) Strophomena sp. (8575)
Arenig478.6 - 466.0China (AnHui) Strophomena sp., Glyptomena sp. (7841)
Arenig - Late/Upper Llandeilo478.6 - 458.4China (ShanXi) Rafinesquina sp. (7919)
Floian - Dapingian477.7 - 467.3China (Mongolia) Hesperinia sinensis (185763)
Dapingian470.0 - 467.3Iran Dirafinesquina antiqua (189380 189388)
Dapingian470.0 - 467.3China Rafinesquina sp., Hedstroemina sp. nov. (232222) Shuangheella elongata, Ochyromena plana, Primotimena globula (185762)
Middle Ordovician470.0 - 458.4USA (New York) Rafinesquina sp., Strophomena sp. (335 430) Rafinesquina sp., Strophomena sp., Oepikina sp. (334) Rafinesquina sp., Strophomena sp., Oepikina sp., Trigrammaria sp. (333)
Middle Ordovician470.0 - 458.4USA (Minnesota) Rafinesquina sp., Strophomena sp. (10754)
Middle Ordovician470.0 - 458.4USA (Kentucky) Macrocoelia sp. (124619) Rafinesquina sp. (10745 10757 10758)
Middle Ordovician470.0 - 458.4USA (California) Rafinesquina sp. (196177)
Middle Ordovician470.0 - 458.4USA (Tennessee) Macrocoelia sp., Rhipidomena sp., Oepikina sp., Dactylogonia sp. (319) Strophomena sp. (329)
Middle Ordovician470.0 - 458.4USA (Virginia) Rafinesquina sp., Strophomena incurvata (6992)
Chazyan470.0 - 457.3USA (Virginia) Macrocoelia elegantula (186183 203287) Rhipidomena subparallela (203292) Rhipidomena subparallela, Pionomena neumani (186172)
Chazyan470.0 - 457.3USA (Maryland) Pionomena neumani (186147)