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Straparollus
Taxonomy
Straparollus was named by de Montfort (1810) [Sepkoski's age data: O Ashg Tr Anis Sepkoski's reference number: 797,1130]. Its type is Straparollus dionysii.
It was reranked as Euomphalus (Straparollus) by Hall and Whitfield (1877); it was corrected as Straparolus by Karczewski (1989).
It was assigned to Euomphalus by Hall and Whitfield (1877); to Euomphaloidea by Knight et al. (1960); to Euomphalina by Sepkoski (2002); and to Euomphalidae by McCammon (1960), Morris and Cleevely (1981), Linsley and Kier (1984), Karczewski (1989), Bouchet et al. (2005) and Wagner (2023).
It was reranked as Euomphalus (Straparollus) by Hall and Whitfield (1877); it was corrected as Straparolus by Karczewski (1989).
It was assigned to Euomphalus by Hall and Whitfield (1877); to Euomphaloidea by Knight et al. (1960); to Euomphalina by Sepkoski (2002); and to Euomphalidae by McCammon (1960), Morris and Cleevely (1981), Linsley and Kier (1984), Karczewski (1989), Bouchet et al. (2005) and Wagner (2023).
Species
Euomphalus (Straparollus) exiguus, Euomphalus (Straparollus) rugosus, S. (Philoxene), S. (Straparollus), S. acuminatus, S. aequalis, S. ammon, S. arcturus, S. ater, S. bicavatus, S. brevis, S. clymenioides, S. complanans, S. daphne, S. davidi, S. devonoaltus, S. dionysii (type species), S. expectans, S. filifora, S. fragilis, S. franciscae, S. hecale, S. heliciformis, S. hippolyta, S. honoratus, S. incongruens, S. ineptus, S. inops, S. kokeni, S. leptoni, S. levigatus (syn. S. minutus), S. lonemountainensis, S. macromphalus, S. magnus, S. multispina, S. newarkensis, S. newarkensis, S. paucivolvus, S. paullulus, S. pileopsideus, S. planodiscus, S. planorbiformis, S. planus, S. portlandensis, S. quadrivolvis, S. rudis, S. spergenensis, S. turritus, S. ultimus, S. vermis, S. volnovachensis, Straparolus australis, Straparolus subdionysii
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1810 | Straparollus de Montfort p. 174 |
| 1877 | Euomphalus (Straparollus) Hall and Whitfield |
| 1960 | Straparollus Knight et al. |
| 1960 | Straparolus McCammon p. 70 |
| 1981 | Straparollus Morris and Cleevely |
| 1984 | Straparollus Linsley and Kier |
| 1989 | Straparolus Karczewski |
| 2002 | Straparollus Sepkoski |
| 2005 | Straparollus Bouchet et al. pp. 163, 241 |
| 2023 | Straparollus Wagner p. G254 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Straparollus de Montfort 1810
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†Euomphalus (Straparollus) exiguus Kindle 1900
†Euomphalus (Straparollus) rugosus Hall 1858
Subg. †Straparollus (Philoxene) Kayser 1889
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†Philoxene alacer Perner 1903
†Philoxene argutus Fenton and Fenton 1924
†Philoxene caementarius Blodgett and Johnson 1992
†Philoxene cyclostomus Hall 1858
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Invalid names: Philoxene marylandicus Clarke and Swartz 1913 [synonym]
†Philoxene laevis d’Archiac and de Verneuil 1842
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Invalid names: Philoxene serpens Phillips 1841 [synonym]
†Philoxene mopsus Hall 1868
†Philoxene mortoni Linsley and Yochelson 1973
†Philoxene paveyi Foerste 1923
†Philoxene perlongus Perner 1903
†Philoxene perprofondus Perner 1903
†Philoxene planiformis Heidelberger and Bandel 1999
†Philoxene plicatulus Perner 1903
†Philoxene praestans Perner 1903
†Philoxene retrorsus Römer 1850
†Philoxene sodalis Perner 1903
Subg. †Straparollus (Straparollus) de Montfort 1810
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†Straparollus (Straparollus) explanatus de Koninck 1881
†Straparollus (Straparollus) mammula de Koninck 1881
†Straparollus (Straparollus) mortoni Linsley and Yochelson 1973
†Straparollus (Straparollus) ophirensis Hall and Whitfield 1877
†Straparollus (Straparollus) savagei Knight 1934
†Straparollus acuminatus Frýda 1998
†Straparollus aequalis Sowerby 1815
†Straparollus ammon White and Whitfield 1862
†Straparollus arcturus Yancey 1969
†Straparollus ater Spitz 1907
†Straparollus bicavatus Spriestersbach 1942
†Straparollus brevis Yoo 1994
†Straparollus clymenioides Hall 1860
†Straparollus complanans Perner 1903
†Straparollus daphne Billings 1865
†Straparollus davidi Dun and Benson 1920
†Straparollus devonoaltus Heidelberger and Bandel 1999
†Straparollus dionysii de Montfort 1810
†Straparollus expectans Perner 1907
†Straparollus filifora Perner 1903
†Straparollus fragilis Perner 1903
†Straparollus franciscae Böhm 1895
†Straparollus hecale Hall 1876
†Straparollus heliciformis de Koninck 1881
†Straparollus hippolyta Billings 1865
†Straparollus honoratus Perner 1903
†Straparollus incongruens Perner 1903
†Straparollus ineptus de Koninck 1881
†Straparollus inops Hall 1876
†Straparollus kokeni Spitz 1907
†Straparollus leptoni Tassell 1982
†Straparollus levigatus Léveillé 1835
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Invalid names: Straparollus minutus de Koninck 1881 [synonym]
†Straparollus lonemountainensis Blodgett and Johnson 1992
†Straparollus macromphalus Winchell 1863
†Straparollus magnus Kurushin 1986
†Straparollus multispina Sandberger and Sandberger 1855
†Straparollus newarkensis Walcott 1884
†Straparollus newarkensis Walcott 1884
†Straparollus paucivolvus Gabb 1864
†Straparollus paullulus Koken and Perner 1925
†Straparollus pileopsideus Phillips 1836
†Straparollus planodiscus Hall 1860
†Straparollus planorbiformis de Koninck 1881
†Straparollus planus Heidelberger 2001
†Straparollus portlandensis Fenton and Fenton 1924
†Straparollus quadrivolvis Hall 1856
†Straparollus rudis Hall 1876
†Straparollus spergenensis Hall 1856
†Straparollus turritus Sandberger and Sandberger 1855
†Straparollus ultimus Kittl 1891
†Straparollus vermis Whidborne 1896
†Straparollus volnovachensis Zernetskaya 1967
†Straparolus australis Maxwell 1961
†Straparolus subdionysii Maxwell 1961
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
| part | N | mean | median | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| shell height | 2 | 4.40 | 4.40 | ||||
| shell diameter | 2 | 18.0 | 18.0 |
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| Source: g = genus, c = class | |||||
| References: Wagner 2023, Kiessling 2004 | |||||
Age range: base of the Richmondian to the top of the Aptian or 449.60000 to 113.00000 Ma
Collections (286 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Caradoc | China (XinJiang) | S. sp. (20802) | |
| Richmondian | Canada (Nunavut) | S. sp. (24187) | |
| Rawtheyan - Hirnantian | United Kingdom (Wales) | S. sp. (8292) | |
| Silurian | USA (California) | Euomphalus hecale (229254) | |
| Rhuddanian - Aeronian | Russian Federation (Siberia) | S. alacer (206543 206560) | |
| Rhuddanian - Aeronian | USA (Iowa) | S. sp. (26691) | |
| Llandovery | Canada (Ontario) | S. sp. (446) | |
| Telychian | USA (Iowa) | S. sp. (24963 25016 25038 26763) S. spp. (25015) | |
| Telychian - Sheinwoodian | USA (Iowa) | S. sp. (26769) | |
| Sheinwoodian | Russian Federation (Siberia) | S. alacer (138752) | |
Youngest occurrences |
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| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | PBDB collection number |
| Wordian | Iran | S. sp. (118132 118134) | |
| Wordian - Capitanian | USA (Texas) | S. sp. (133737) | |
| Capitanian | Japan | S. sp. (109667) | |
| Wuchiapingian | China (Guizhou) | S. sp. (112107) | |
| Changhsingian | China (Guangxi) | S. sp. (120146) | |
| Anisian | Poland | Euomphalus exiguus (63538) | |
| Ladinian | Italy | S. franciscae (138255) | |
| Julian | Italy | S. ultimus (144631) | |
| Rhaetian | Slovakia | S. szajnochae (32892) | |
| Aptian | France | S. michaillensis (2178) | |