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Protoentactinia
Taxonomy
Protoentactinia was named by Kozur et al. (1996).
It was assigned to Palaeoscenidiidae by De Wever et al. (2001); and to Protoentactiniidae by Kozur et al. (1996), Won and Iams (2002), Won et al. (2007), Maletz and Bruton (2008) and Noble et al. (2017).
It was assigned to Palaeoscenidiidae by De Wever et al. (2001); and to Protoentactiniidae by Kozur et al. (1996), Won and Iams (2002), Won et al. (2007), Maletz and Bruton (2008) and Noble et al. (2017).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
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1996 | Noblella Kozur et al. p. 251 |
1996 | Protoentactinia Kozur et al. p. 251 |
1996 | Noblella Kozur et al. p. 255 |
2001 | Protoentactinia De Wever et al. p. 175 |
2002 | Paulanoblella Kozur and Repetski |
2002 | Protoentactinia Won and Iams p. 29 |
2007 | Protoentactinia Won et al. |
2008 | Protoentactinia Maletz and Bruton p. 1186 |
2017 | Protoentactinia Noble et al. p. 435 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Protoentactinia Kozur et al. 1996
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†Protoentactinia bifurcata Maletz and Bruton 2007
†Protoentactinia deformis Won et al. 2005
†Protoentactinia gracilispinosa Kozur et al. 1996
†Protoentactinia kozuriana Won et al. 2005
†Protoentactinia latospinosa Kozur et al. 1996
†Protoentactinia minuta Kozur et al. 1996
†Protoentactinia primigena Won et al. 2005
†Protoentactinia transformis Won et al. 2005
Invalid names: Paulanoblella Kozur and Repetski 2002 [synonym]
Diagnosis
Reference | Diagnosis | |
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M.-Z. Won and W. J. Iams 2002 | A spicular skeleton generally consisting of six (rarely eight) median bar-centered rays, rays trifurcated and these trifurcated first-order branches repeatedly furcated from one to
four times, but the number (two or three) of branchings differing from ray to ray; branches smaller, thinner and shorter towards the outer part of the shell. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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Source: p = phylum | |||||
Reference: Kiessling 1999 |
Age range: base of the Trempealeauan to the top of the Llanvirn or 501.00000 to 460.90000 Ma
Collections (12 total)
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
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Franconian | Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador) | P. gracilispinosa (90965 90967 90968) | |
Trempealeauan | Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador) | P. gracilispinosa (90970 90971) | |
Tremadoc | USA (Nevada) | P. sp. A, P. sp. B, P. sp. C, P. gracilispinosa, P. latospinosa, P. minuta, Noblella tremadociensis (90927) | |
Tremadocian | Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador) | P. gracilispinosa (234142) P. gracilispinosa, P. kozuriana, P. primigena, P. transformis (234138 234141) P. gracilispinosa, P. transformis (234143) | |
Llanvirn | Norway | P. sp. (90921 90922) |