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Pylentonemidae
Taxonomy
Pylentonemidae was named by Deflandre (1963). Its type is Pylentonema.
It was assigned to Nassellariina by Feng et al. (2004); and to Entactinaria by De Wever et al. (2001) and Noble et al. (2017).
It was assigned to Nassellariina by Feng et al. (2004); and to Entactinaria by De Wever et al. (2001) and Noble et al. (2017).
Subtaxa
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1963 | Pylentonemidae Deflandre |
| 2001 | Pylentonemidae De Wever et al. p. 182 |
| 2004 | Pylentonemidae Feng et al. p. 382 |
| 2017 | Pylentonemidae Noble et al. p. 456 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. †Pylentonemidae Deflandre 1963
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G. †Polyentactinia Foreman 1963
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†Polyentactinia amplictibrosa Nazarov 1986
†Polyentactinia applanata Nazarov and Ormiston 1989
†Polyentactinia aranaeosa Nazarov and Ormiston 1984
†Polyentactinia aranea Gourmelon 1986
†Polyentactinia biacus Sugiyama 1992
†Polyentactinia centrata Nazarov and Ormiston 1985
†Polyentactinia circumretia Nazarov and Ormiston 1990
†Polyentactinia coldinensis Nazarov 1975
†Polyentactinia craticulata Foreman 1963
†Polyentactinia crux Sugiyama 1992
†Polyentactinia djagdiensis Nazarov 1974
†Polyentactinia estonica Nazarov 1983
†Polyentactinia fiscina Nazarov and Ormiston 1989
†Polyentactinia fragilis Nazarov and Ormiston 1989
†Polyentactinia helioformis Kozur and Mostler 1989
†Polyentactinia hunanensis Dong et al. 1997
†Polyentactinia ishigai Kozur and Mostler 1989
†Polyentactinia kossistekensis Nazarov 1975
†Polyentactinia lautitia Nazarov and Ormiston 1985
†Polyentactinia leeorum Goodbody 1986
†Polyentactinia leptosphaera Foreman 1963
†Polyentactinia miopora Wang 2000
†Polyentactinia multifida Nazarov 1986
†Polyentactinia multifora Nazarov 1986
†Polyentactinia nazarovi Kozur and Mostler 1989
†Polyentactinia njatvica Nazarov and Ormiston 1990
†Polyentactinia octupla Nazarov 1986
†Polyentactinia offerta Nazarov 1980
†Polyentactinia offirmata Nazarov and Ormiston 1989
†Polyentactinia perampla Braun et al. 1992
†Polyentactinia plecta Foreman 1963
†Polyentactinia polygonia Foreman 1963
†Polyentactinia propinqua Nazarov 1975
†Polyentactinia rudihispida Nazarov and Ormiston 1993
†Polyentactinia sexangulata Feng et al. 1997
†Polyentactinia spinulenta Pouille and Danelian 2014
†Polyentactinia stelcki Goodbody 1986
†Polyentactinia tenera Aitchison 1993
†Polyentactinia udiensis Nazarov 1974
†Polyentactinia zhamoidai Afanasieva 2000
G. †Pylentonema Deflandre 1963
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†Pylentonema antiqua Deflandre 1963
†Pylentonema aperta Nazarov 1975
†Pylentonema banchengensis Wang and Kuang 1993
†Pylentonema eucosmeta Braun 1989
†Pylentonema hindei Cheng 1986
†Pylentonema insueta Nazarov 1975
†Pylentonema mira Cheng 1986
†Pylentonema parviaperta Park and Won 2012
†Pylentonema racheboeufi Gourmelon 1986
†Pylentonema rimata Nazarov 1980
†Pylentonema robusta Schwartzapfel and Holdsworth 1996
†Pylentonema serrensis Gourmelon 1987
†Pylentonema transitorum Liu and Hao 2006
†Pylentonema triangulata Cheng 1986
†Pylentonema typica Cheng 1986
G. †Quadrapesus Cheng 1986
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†Quadrapesus araneae Schwartzapfel and Holdsworth 1996
†Quadrapesus bakeri Schwartzapfel and Holdsworth 1996
†Quadrapesus conili Schwartzapfel and Holdsworth 1996
†Quadrapesus dumitricai Cheng 1986
†Quadrapesus jimisonae Schwartzapfel and Holdsworth 1996
†Quadrapesus sixi Schwartzapfel and Holdsworth 1996
†Quadrapesus transitivus Liu and Hao 2006
†Quadrapesus unicus Cheng 1986
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: p = phylum | |||||
| Reference: Kiessling 1999 | |||||
Age range: base of the Early/Lower Frasnian to the top of the Pelsonian or 383.70000 to 242.00000 Ma
Collections (32 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Givetian | China (Yunnan) | Polyentactinia miopora (90904) | |
| Early/Lower Frasnian | Australia (Western Australia) | Polyentactinia tenera (233596) | |
| Late/Upper Devonian | USA (Ohio) | Polyentactinia craticulata, Polyentactinia polygonia, Polyentactinia leptosphaera (142358) Polyentactinia polygonia, Polyentactinia leptosphaera (142361) Polyentactinia polygonia, Polyentactinia leptosphaera, Polyentactinia plecta (142363) | |
| Early/Lower Famennian | Russian Federation (Northern Urals) | Polyentactinia sp. (12335) | |
| Tournaisian | Germany | Pylentonema antiqua (90999) Pylentonema antiqua, Polyentactinia aranea (91000) | |
| Chadian | Thailand | Pylentonema antiqua (90898 90899) Pylentonema antiqua, Polyentactinia polygonia (90896 90897) | |
| Visean | Germany | Polyentactinia sp., Polyentactinia polygonia, Polyentactinia aranea (91002) | |
| Serpukhovian | USA (Alaska) | Pylentonema antiqua (91032) | |
| Kungurian | Russian Federation | Polyentactinia sp. (225522) | |
| Changhsingian | China (Guangxi) | Polyentactinia sp. (95334) | |
| Smithian | China (Hunan) | Polyentactinia phatthalungensis (220571) | |
| Spathian | Thailand (Phatthalung) | Polyentactinia phattalungensis (220597) | |
| Spathian | Japan (Tochigi) | Polyentactinia furutanii, Polyentactinia sp., Polyentactinia crux (220579) | |
| Spathian | Japan (Aichi) | Polyentactinia crux (220802) Polyentactinia sp. (220801) | |
| Spathian | Japan (Kanto) | Polyentactinia crux (220545 220548 220553 220561) | |
| Spathian | Japan | Polyentactinia biacus, Polyentactinia crux (95372) Polyentactinia crux (95330) | |
| Pelsonian | Thailand (San Kamphaeng) | Polyentactinia sp. (220618 220619) | |
| Pelsonian | Thailand | Polyentactinia sp. (64517 64518) | |
| Pelsonian | Japan (Aichi) | Polyentactinia sp. (220813) |