PBDB Taxon

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Indohyus indirae

Mammalia - Raoellidae

Taxonomy

Indohyus indirae was named by Ranga Rao (1971). Its type specimen is ONG/K/1, a mandible (left mandible with p3-m3), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Sindkhatudi Bone Bed, which is in a Lutetian lagoonal mudstone/siltstone in India.

Sister species lacking formal opinion data

I. indriae

Synonyms

Haqueina haquei was named by Dehm and Oettingen-Spielberg (1958). Its type specimen is IPHG 1956 II 10, a set of teeth, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Ganda Kas, which is in a Lutetian marine mudstone in the Kuldana Formation of Pakistan.

It was synonymized subjectively with Indohyus indirae by Thewissen et al. (2020).
Metkatius kashmiriensis was named by Kumar and Sahni (1985). Its type specimen is VPL/K 562, a set of teeth, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Babbian Gala East, which is in a Ypresian fluvial horizon in the Subathu Formation of India.

It was synonymized subjectively with Indohyus indirae by Thewissen et al. (2020).
Raoella dograi was named by Sahni and Khare (1971). Its type specimen is LUVP 15003, a maxilla (right maxilla with P4-M3), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Kalakot-Rajauri Rd., which is in an Eocene fluvial sandstone in the Subathu Formation of India.

It was synonymized subjectively with Indohyus indirae by Thewissen et al. (1987) and Thewissen et al. (2020).
Indohyus kalakotensis was named by Ranga Rao (1971). Its type specimen is ONG/K/7, a mandible (m1-m3), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Sindkhatudi Bone Bed, which is in a Lutetian lagoonal mudstone/siltstone in India.

It was recombined as Kunmunella kalakotensis by Kumar and Sahni (1985) and Theodor et al. (2007); it was synonymized subjectively with Indohyus indirae by Thewissen et al. (1987) and Thewissen et al. (2020).
Kunmunella rajauriensis was named by Sahni and Khare (1971). Its type specimen is LUVP 15004, a tooth (right M3), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Kalakot-Rajauri Rd., which is in an Eocene fluvial sandstone in the Subathu Formation of India.

It was synonymized subjectively with Indohyus indirae by Thewissen et al. (1987) and Thewissen et al. (2020).
Kunmunella transversa was named by Kumar and Sahni (1985). Its type specimen is VPL/K 526, a maxilla, and it is not a trace fossil. Its type locality is Babbian Gala East, which is in a Ypresian fluvial horizon in the Subathu Formation of India.

It was synonymized subjectively with Indohyus indirae by Thewissen et al. (1987) and Thewissen et al. (2020).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1958	Haqueina haquei Dehm and Oettingen-Spielberg p. 26 figs. Plate 3, Fig. 1a-d, 2; Fig. 5
1971	Indohyus indirae Ranga Rao
1971	Indohyus kalakotensis Ranga Rao p. 131
1971	Raoella dograi Sahni and Khare p. 47
1971	Kunmunella rajauriensis Sahni and Khare p. 50 figs. Plate , Fig. 5; Fig. 4
1972	Kunmunella rajauriensis Sahni and Khare
1985	Kunmunella rajauriensis Kumar and Sahni
1985	Metkatius kashmiriensis Kumar and Sahni p. 157
1985	Kunmunella kalakotensis Kumar and Sahni p. 160
1985	Kunmunella transversa Kumar and Sahni p. 162 figs. Fig. 5D-F
2001	Kunmunella transversa Thewissen et al. p. 358
2004	Haqueina haquei Vislobokova p. 220
2007	Haqueina haquei Theodor et al. p. 42
2007	Indohyus indirae Theodor et al. p. 55
2007	Kunmunella kalakotensis Theodor et al. p. 57
2007	Kunmunella transversa Theodor et al. p. 57
2007	Metkatius kashmiriensis Theodor et al. p. 57
2013	Haqueina haquei Tsubamoto et al. p. 304
2020	Indohyus indirae Thewissen et al. p. 338
2025	Indohyus indirae Bouaziz et al. p. 4

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida
—	Therapsida	()
infraorder	Cynodontia	()

Rank	Name	Author
—	Mammaliamorpha
—	Mammaliaformes
class	Mammalia
—	Cladotheria
—	Zatheria
subclass	Tribosphenida	()
subclass	Theria
—	Eutheria	()
—	Placentalia
—	Boreoeutheria
—	Laurasiatheria
—	Scrotifera
—	Euungulata
—	Artiodactylamorpha
—	Artiodactyla	()
superfamily	Dichobunoidea	Gill 1872
family	Raoellidae
genus	Indohyus
species	indirae

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Indohyus indirae Ranga Rao 1971

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Invalid names: Haqueina haquei Dehm and Oettingen-Spielberg 1958 [synonym], Indohyus kalakotensis Ranga Rao 1971 [synonym], Kunmunella rajauriensis Sahni and Khare 1971 [synonym], Kunmunella transversa Kumar and Sahni 1985 [synonym], Metkatius kashmiriensis Kumar and Sahni 1985 [synonym], Raoella dograi Sahni and Khare 1971 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

terrestrialo

Locomotion:

actively mobilec

Life habit:

ground dwellingo

Diet:

herbivoreg

Diet 2:

omnivoreg

Reproduction:

viviparoussubc

Created:

2011-04-22 22:55:11

Modified:

2011-04-22 07:55:11

Source: g = genus, o = order, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum

References: Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988, Nowak 1999, Spaulding et al. 2009, Lillegraven 1979

Age range: base of the Ypresian to the top of the Lutetian or 56.00000 to 41.30000 Ma

Collections (7 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Ypresian	56.0 - 47.8	India (Jammu and Kashmir)	Metkatius kashmiriensis, Kunmunella kalakotensis, Kunmunella transversa, Indohyus indirae (45588)
Lutetian	47.8 - 41.3	Pakistan (Punjab)	Haqueina haquei (45529)
Lutetian	47.8 - 41.3	India (Jammu and Kashmir)	Indohyus indirae (180536) Indohyus kalakotensis, Indohyus indirae (type locality: 77524)
Middle Eocene	47.8 - 37.71	India (Jammu & Kashmir)	Indohyus indirae (31106)
Middle Eocene	47.8 - 37.71	India (Jammu and Kashmir)	Raoella dograi, Kunmunella rajauriensis (13303)
Middle Eocene	47.8 - 37.71	Pakistan (Punjab)	Kunmunella transversa (87965)