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Olenellinae
Taxonomy
Olenellinae was named by Walcott (1890).
It was assigned to Olenellidae by Harrington (1956), Palmer and Repina (1993), Lieberman (1998), Palmer (1998), Lieberman (1999) and Skovsted (2006).
It was assigned to Olenellidae by Harrington (1956), Palmer and Repina (1993), Lieberman (1998), Palmer (1998), Lieberman (1999) and Skovsted (2006).
Subtaxa
Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
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1890 | Olenellinae Walcott |
1956 | Olenellinae Harrington p. 57 |
1993 | Olenellinae Palmer and Repina p. 21 |
1998 | Olenellinae Lieberman p. 68 |
1998 | Olenellinae Palmer p. 659 |
1999 | Olenellinae Lieberman p. 8 |
2006 | Olenellinae Skovsted p. 1093 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Subfm. †Olenellinae Walcott 1890
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G. †Olenellus Hall 1861
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Subg. †Olenellus (Angustolenellus) Palmer and Repina 1993
Subg. †Olenellus (Georgiellus) Moberg 1899
Subg. †Olenellus (Mesolenellus) Palmer and Repina 1993
Subg. †Olenellus (Olenelloides) Peach 1894
Subg. †Olenellus (Paedeumias) Walcott 1910
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†Olenellus (Paedeumias) chiefensis Palmer 1998
†Olenellus (Paedeumias) puertoblancoensis Lochman 1952
†Olenellus (Paedeumias) terminatus Palmer 1998
†Paedeumias granulatus Palmer 1964
†Paedeumias transitans Walcott 1910
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Invalid names: Olenellus perkinsi Resser and Howell 1938 [synonym]
†Olenellus agellus Resser and Howell 1938
†Olenellus alius Resser and Howell 1938
†Olenellus brachyomma Palmer and Halley 1979
†Olenellus bufrontis Fritz 1991
†Olenellus buttsi Resser 1938
†Olenellus clarki Resser 1928
†Olenellus claytoni Walcott 1910
†Olenellus crassimarginatus Walcott 1910
†Olenellus georgiensis Resser and Howell 1938
†Olenellus getzi Dunbar 1925
†Olenellus gigas Peach 1894
†Olenellus gilberti White 1874
†Olenellus howelli White 1874
†Olenellus latilimbatus Resser and Howell 1938
†Olenellus megafrontalis Vaccari 1988
†Olenellus nevadensis Walcott 1910
†Olenellus parvofrontatus Fritz 1991
†Olenellus peculiaris Resser and Howell 1938
†Olenellus puertoblancoensis Lochman 1952
†Olenellus robsonensis Burling 1916
†Olenellus roddyi Resser and Howell 1938
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Invalid names: Olenellus jonasae Resser and Howell 1938 [synonym], Olenellus nitidus Resser and Howell 1938 [synonym], Olenellus nodosus Resser and Howell 1938 [synonym], Olenellus similaris Resser and Howell 1938 [synonym], Paedeumias eboracense Resser and Howell 1938 [synonym], Paedeumias glabrum Resser and Howell 1938 [synonym], Paedeumias yorkense Resser and Howell 1938 [synonym]
†Olenellus romensis Resser and Howell 1938
†Olenellus santuccii Webster and Caron 2024
†Olenellus schucherti Resser and Howell 1938
†Olenellus thompsoni Hall 1859
†Olenellus walcotti Shaler and Foerste 1888
†Olenellus wanneri Resser and Howell 1938
Diagnosis
Reference | Diagnosis | |
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A. R. Palmer and L. N. Repina 1993 | Olenellidae with glabellar furrows weakly to moderately defined. Transverse width of anterior part of LI equal to or only slightly less than transverse width of occipital ring. L4 slightly to moderately expanded anteriorly. Posterior tips of ocular lobes ranging from opposite L2 to opposite posterior part of occipital ring. Posterior margin of cephalon nearly straight or slightly deflected forward distal to intergenal spine or swelling. Intergenal spines or distinct intergenal angle usually present. Prothorax, where known, with axis narrower than inner part of pleurae. Third thoracic segment weakly to moderately macropleural, with pleural spine not greatly elongated. Fifteenth thoracic segment with long axial spine. Opisthothorax with variable number of uniformly small segments, each bearing narrow pleurae. Pygidium small, subquadrate, with 1 or 2 pairs of short marginal spines. | |
B. S. Lieberman 1999 | The Olenellinae is characterized by the following shared characters when present in combination: 1. posterolateral margins of L4 divergent anteriorly; 2. transverse profile of ocular lobes flattened dorsally; 3. posterior tips of ocular lobes developed opposite medial part of distal margin of L0 or distal tip of S0; 4. S3 not conjoined medially; 5. line between ends of S2 directed inward and posteriorly at 45 degree angle relative to transverse line; 6. S0 not conjoined medially; 7. lateral lobes on L0 absent; 8. glabellar furrows moderately to strongly incised; 9. genal ridge prominently developed; 10. extraocular region opposite L1 broad, width (tr.) greater than or equal to 75% of width of glabella at L1; 11. genal spine near where it hits cephalic border directed posterolaterally at roughly 10 to 20 degree angle relative to sagittal line; 12. length (exsag.) of genal spine roughly equal to length (sag.) of first four to six thoracic segments; 13. genal spine angle developed opposite medial part of distal margin of L0; 14. intergenal angle developed adjacent to or directly behind genal spine angle; 15. intergenal angle with small, pointed spine; 16. intergenal angle deflected at roughly 10 degree angle relative to transverse line; 17. medial part of cephalic posterior border between intergenal angle and L0 weakly flexed anteriorly; 18. anterior margin of third thoracic pleural segment, before flexing strongly posteriorly, parallel to transverse line or weakly deflected posteriorly; 19. posterior margin of thoracic pleural furrow on third thoracic segment directed evenly posterolaterally; 20. thoracic pleural spines on seg- ments T5 to T8 developed as broad sweeping projections extending roughly four segments back; 21. length (exsag.) of thoracic pleural furrows (excluding those of T3) at medial part of segment equal to roughly 1.3 times length (exsag.) of posterior band of pleural segment; 22. width of thoracic pleural spines T5 to T8 at spine midlength more than two-thirds length (exsag.) of medial part of inner pleural region; 23. length (sag.) of spine on 15th thoracic segment roughly equal to length of whole prothorax; 24. base of spine on 15th thoracic segment nearly as wide (tr.) as axis of segment; 25. segments of opisthothorax with reduced pleurae; 26. pygidium length (sag.) 1.5 times width (tr.); 27. posterior mar- gin of pygidium weakly convex. Of these characters, only character 25 is unique to the Olenellidae. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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Source: f = family, o = order, c = class | |||||
References: Whittington et al. 1997, Hendy et al. 2009, Aberhan et al. 2004 |
Age range: base of the Atdabanian to the top of the Furongian or 521.00000 to 485.40000 Ma
Collections (188 total)
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
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Caerfai | USA (Nevada) | Olenellus sp. (190) | |
Caerfai | Canada (Nunavut) | Paedumias sp. (184) | |
Caerfai | USA (New York) | Olenellus indet. (8236) | |
Caerfai | Canada (Northwest Territories) | Olenellus sequornalus, Olenellus sp. (193) | |
Early/Lower Cambrian | USA (Nevada) | Olenellus gilberti (204008) Olenellus sp. (204006 204012 204029 204030) Paedeumias nevadensis (204007) Paedeumias sp. (204011) | |
Early/Lower Cambrian | Canada (Northwest Territories) | Olenellus paraculus (156187 156188 156191 156192) Olenellus puertoblancoensis (156195 156196 156197 156198 156199) Olenellus sp. (156172 156179 156180 156181 156182 156184 156185 156189 156193 156200 156202) | |
Early/Lower Cambrian | Greenland | Olenellus hanseni (93093) | |
Waucoban | Canada (British Columbia) | Olenellus sp. (10860 10861) | |
Caerfai - St Davids | USA (Nevada) | Paedeumias nevadensis (9624) Paedeumias sp. (9623) | |
Cambrian | USA (Maryland) | Olenellus sp. (265) | |
Cambrian | Canada (British Columbia) | Olenellus sp., Paedumias sp. (186) | |
Cambrian | Canada (Northern Territories) | Olenellus baileyi, Olenellus clarki (228650) Olenellus getzi, Olenellus fowleri (228647) | |
Atdabanian | Canada (Northwest Territories) | Olenellus puertoblancoensis (88792) Olenellus sp. (88791) | |
Lenian | USA (New York) | Olenellus sp. no. 2, Paedeumias sp. no. 1, Paedeumias sp. no. 2, Paedeumias sp. no. 3 (225082) Olenellus sp., Paedumias sp. (189) | |
Lenian | USA (Nevada) | Olenellus gilberti, Olenellus fowleri, Olenellus chiefensis (9821) Olenellus gilberti, Olenellus terminatus (9822) | |
Dyeran | USA (Vermont) | Olenellus brachycephalus (194) Olenellus sp. (191) Paedeumias transitans, Paedeumias perkinsi, Olenellus agellus, Olenellus thompsoni, Olenellus crassimarginatus, Olenellus georgiensis, Olenellus brachycephalus (121235) | |
Dyeran | USA (Pennsylvania) | Olenellus jonasae, Olenellus latilimbatus (226194) Olenellus roddyi, Olenellus getzi, Olenellus jonasae, Olenellus nodosus, Olenellus nitidus, Paedeumias glabrum, Olenellus peculiaris (226192) Olenellus roddyi, Olenellus getzi, Olenellus similaris, Olenellus jonasae, Olenellus nodosus, Olenellus nitidus, Paedeumias glabrum, Paedeumias yorkense, Paedeumias eboracense, Olenellus latilimbatus, Olenellus peculiaris, Olenellus alius, Olenellus wanneri (192) Olenellus similaris, Paedeumias glabrum, Paedeumias yorkense, Paedeumias eboracense, Olenellus alius, Olenellus wanneri (11110 226193) Olenellus sp. (11109 11113 11114) Olenellus sp., Olenellus roddyi, Paedeumias glabrum, Paedeumias yorkense, Paedeumias eboracense, Olenellus wanneri (225188) | |
Dyeran | USA (Utah) | Olenellus gilberti (96497) | |
Dyeran | Canada (Newfoundland) | Olenellus crassimarginatus (195927) Olenellus sp. (196374) Olenellus thompsoni, Olenellus crassimarginatus (195929) Olenellus transitans (195761 195905 195906 195922 195930 195935 195936) Olenellus transitans, Olenellus crassimarginatus (195926) Olenellus transitans, Olenellus thompsoni (195923) | |
Dyeran | USA (Nevada) | Olenellus clarki (149555) Olenellus fowleri, Olenellus chiefensis, Olenellus terminatus (10569) Olenellus gilberti (149358 149359 149360 149361 149362 149559 149560 155973 155975 203344) Olenellus gilberti, Olenellus chiefensis, Olenellus terminatus (156375 234286) Olenellus gilberti, Olenellus clarki (149556 149557) Olenellus gilberti, Olenellus fowleri, Olenellus chiefensis, Olenellus terminatus (234284 234285) Olenellus gilberti, Olenellus howelli (9820) Olenellus n. sp. (10591) Olenellus puertoblancoensis (69203 69205) Olenellus sp. (7787 69204 69266 149576) Olenellus sp., Olenellus gilberti, Olenellus chiefensis, Olenellus terminatus (156353 156376) Olenellus sp., Olenellus gilberti, Olenellus fowleri, Olenellus chiefensis, Olenellus terminatus (156372 156373 156374 156377) Olenellus sp., Olenellus gilberti, Olenellus howelli, Olenellus fowleri, Olenellus chiefensis, Olenellus terminatus (10560) Olenellus sp., Paedeumias sp. (8665) Paedeumias granulatus (96417) Paedeumias sp., Olenellus gilberti (155976) Paedumias sp. (9622) | |
Dyeran | USA (California) | Olenellus clarki (10607) Olenellus clarki, Arcuolenellus megafrontalis (10605) Olenellus clarki, Olenellus gilberti (10606) Olenellus clarki, Olenellus n. sp. 1, Olenellus n. sp. 2, Arcuolenellus megafrontalis (10603) Olenellus clarki, Olenellus n. sp. 2, Arcuolenellus megafrontalis (10604) Olenellus fowleri, Olenellus terminatus (10628) Olenellus frementi, Olenellus nevadensis (10609) Olenellus gilberti (149628 149630) Olenellus gilberti, Olenellus clarki (10608 149614 149631 149638 149651 149696 230439) Olenellus gilberti, Olenellus clarki, Olenellus nevadensis, Olenellus puertoblancoensis (149610) Olenellus gilberti, Olenellus terminatus (10627 10632) Olenellus gilberti, Paedeumias nevadensis (149627) Olenellus howelli, Olenellus puertoblancoensis (149612) Olenellus n. sp. 1, Olenellus turmalis, Olenellus n. sp.1, Olenellus transitans, Olenellus nevadensis (10613) Olenellus n. sp. 2, Olenellus transitans, Olenellus nevadensis (10618) Olenellus n.sp.3, Olenellus fowleri, Olenellus terminatus (10630) Olenellus nevadensis (10610) Olenellus sp. (226264 226269) Olenellus sp. indet.1, Olenellus gilberti (149611 151380) Olenellus sp., Olenellus gilberti, Paedeumias clarki, Paedeumias nevadensis (219695) Olenellus sp.1 (10611) Olenellus sp.1, Olenellus sp.2, Olenellus terminatus (10622 10623) Olenellus sp.1, Olenellus sp.2, Olenellus transitans, Olenellus nevadensis (10612) Olenellus sp.2, Olenellus transitans (10621) Olenellus sp.2, Olenellus transitans, Olenellus nevadensis (10615 10616 10619) Olenellus sp.3, Olenellus gilberti, Olenellus terminatus (10631) Paedeumias clarki (219693 219698 219699) Paedeumias clarki, Paedeumias nevadensis (192036 219694) Paedeumias sp. (149629 149697) | |
Dyeran | Argentina | Arcuolenellus megafrontalis (176949) | |
Dyeran | Mexico | Olenellus puertoblancoensis (10684) | |
Dyeran | Canada (Labrador) | Olenellus crassimarginatus (195910 195915 195916 195918 195919) Olenellus transitans (195934) | |
Dyeran | USA (Virginia) | Olenellus sp. (188) | |
Dyeran | Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador) | Olenellus thompsoni (9900) | |
Dyeran | Canada (Yukon Territory) | Olenellus bufrontis (156233) Olenellus parvofrontatus, Olenellus nevadensis (156230) Olenellus romensis (156237) Olenellus sp. (156203) Olenellus sp. 1 (156209) Olenellus sp. 2 (156207 156220) Olenellus sp. 3 (156235) | |
Dyeran | Greenland (Freuchen Land) | Olenellus sp. (50036) | |
Dyeran | USA (Arizona) | Olenellus sp. (185) | |
Dyeran - Delamaran | USA (Pennsylvania) | Olenellus roddyi (226183) | |
Duyunian | Greenland | Olenellus sp. A (225100 225101 225102 225103) | |
Stage 4 | Canada (British Columbia) | Olenellus santucci, Olenellus schofieldi (235639) | |
Delamaran | USA (California) | Olenellus gilberti, Olenellus clarki (219700 219701) | |
Delamaran | Canada (British Columbia) | Olenellus sp. (187) | |
Delamaran | USA (Virginia) | Olenellus austinvillensis (219911) | |
St Davids | USA (Nevada) | Olenellus gilberti (50115) | |
Furongian | Svalbard and Jan Mayen | Olenellus sp. (212582 212583) Olenellus sp., Olenellus thompsoni (212581) |