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Solenoidea

Bivalvia - Solenida

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1809Solenacea Lamarck
1904Solenacea Glenn p. 291
1980Solenacea Vokes p. 140
1984Solenacea Squires p. 50
1987Solenacea Squires p. 67
1987Solenacea Ward and Blackwelder p. 130
2000Solenoidea Coan et al. pp. 258, 259
2006Solenoidea Bieler and Mikkelsen p. 233
2006Solenoidea Rosenberg et al.
2009Solenoidea Nevesskaja
2010Solenoidea Bouchet et al.
2011Solenoidea Carter et al. p. 18

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
classBivalvia
—Eubivalvia
RankNameAuthor
subclassAutobranchia(Groblen 1894)
infraclassHeteroconchia(Gray 1854)
—CardiomorphiFerussac 1822
—CardioniFerussac 1822
—CardiidiaFerussac 1822
—SolenataDall 1889
orderSolenidaDall 1889
superfamilySolenoidea(Lamarck 1809)
superfamilySolenoidea(Lamarck 1809)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Superfm. Solenoidea Lamarck 1809
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Fm. Pharidae Adams and A. 1858
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Subfm. Cultellinae Davies 1935
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G. †Enosolen Guo 1988
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†Enosolen ensatus Guo 1988
G. Ensiculus Adams 1860
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†Ensiculus conradi Cossmann 1894
†Ensiculus cultellus Linnaeus 1758
G. †Leptosolen Conrad 1865
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†Leptosolen albertensis Russell and Landes 1937
†Leptosolen biplicata Conrad 1858
G. †Senis Stephenson 1953
G. Cultellus Schumacher 1817
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Subg. Cultellus (Cultellus) Schumacher 1817
†Cultellus affinis Sowerby 1812
†Cultellus brevis Nagao 1928
†Cultellus izumoensis Yokoyama 1923
†Cultellus kokolikensis Imlay 1961
†Cultellus leguminoides Nagao 1928
Cultellus maximus Gmelin 1791
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Invalid names: Solen lacteus Spengler 1794 [synonym]
Cultellus tenuis Philippi 1836
G. Ensis Schumacher 1817
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Ensis directus Conrad 1844
†Ensis ensiformis Conrad 1843
Ensis macha Molina 1782
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Invalid names: Solen gladiolus Gray 1839 [synonym]
Ensis minor Dall 1899
Ensis myrae Berry 1953
Ensis nitidus Clessin 1888
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Invalid names: Ensis californicus Dall 1899 [synonym]
†Ensis schmidti Olsson 1914
†Ensis tropicalis Hertlein and Strong 1955
Subfm. Novaculininae Ghosh 1929
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G. Novaculina Benson 1830
Subfm. Pharinae Adams and Adams 1856
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†Pharus simulacrum Wind and Wise 1977
Subfm. †Rzehakiinae Korobkov 1954
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G. †Rzehakia
G. Siliqua Mühlfeld 1811
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Siliqua alta Broderip and Sowerby I 1829
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Invalid names: Siliqua media Sowerby I 1839 [synonym]
†Siliqua kingi Jeffery and Tracey 1997
Siliqua lucida Conrad 1837
†Siliqua oregonia Dall 1900
Siliqua patula Dixon 1789
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Invalid names: Solecurtus nuttallii Conrad 1837 [synonym]
Siliqua radiata Linnaeus 1758
†Siliqua simondsi Harris 1895
Invalid names: Siliquinae Bronn 1862 [empty]
Fm. Solenidae Lamarck 1809
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Subfm. Pharellinae Stoliczka 1870
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G. †Psamosolen Risso 1826
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†Psamosolen gabbiana Anderson and Martin 1914
†Psamosolen mansfieldi Vokes 1938
G. Solen Linnaeus 1758
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Subg. †Solen (Hypogella) Gray 1854
Subg. †Solen (Solen) Linnaeus 1758
†Solen clallamensis Clark and Arnold 1923
†Solen clarki Weaver and Van Winkle Palmer 1922
†Solen columbianus Weaver and Van Winkle Palmer 1922
†Solen cuneatus Gabb 1869
†Solen curtus Des Moulins 1832
Solen dombeii Lamarck 1818
†Solen domenginicus Vokes 1939
Solen ensis Linnaeus 1767
†Solen fonesi Dunker 1862
†Solen intermedius Nagao 1928
†Solen lincolnensis Weaver 1916
†Solen lisbonensis Aldrich 1886
Solen marginatus Pulteney 1799
†Solen novacularis Anderson and Hanna 1928
Solen rostriformis Dunker 1862
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Invalid names: Solen (Ensisolen) rosaceus Carpenter 1864 [synonym]
Solen sicarius Gould 1850
Solen siliqua Linnaeus 1767
†Solen sordidus Tate 1887
†Solen townsendensis Clark 1925
Solen vagina Linnaeus 1758
†Solen vaginoides Lamarck 1822
G. Solena Mörch 1853
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Invalid names: Solen ambiguus Lamarck 1818 [synonym]
Subg. †Solena (Eosolen) Stewart 1930
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†Solena (Eosolen) bolivarensis Clark and Durham 1946
†Solena (Eosolen) laversinensis Lefévre and Watelet 1877
†Solena (Eosolen) lorenzana Wagner and Schilling 1923
†Solena (Eosolen) novacularis Anderson and Hanna 1925
†Solena (Eosolen) plagiaulax Cossmann 1886
Subg. †Solena (Plectosolen) Conrad 1866
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Invalid names: Solen curtus Conrad 1848 [replaced]
Subg. †Solena (Solena) Moore 2003
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†Solena dixoni Sowerby 1844
†Solena elytron Philippi 1887
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragonitec
Locomotion: facultatively mobilesuperf
Life habit: infaunalsuperf
Diet: suspension feedersuperf
Vision: blindc
Created: 2009-09-09 13:52:21
Modified: 2009-09-09 15:52:21
Source: superf = superfamily, c = class
References: Aberhan et al. 2004, Sanchez Roig 1926

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Anisian to the top of the Holocene or 247.20000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 242.0 Ma

Collections (976 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Anisian247.2 - 242.0China (Yunnan) Enosolen ensatus (201160)
Carnian237.0 - 228.0Japan (Kochi) Cultellus ellipsoidalis (40471)
Rhaetian208.5 - 201.3Italy (Trento) Solen sp. (232113)
Angulata201.3 - 196.5France (Lorraine) Solen deshayesi (53947)
Kimmeridgian157.3 - 152.1Portugal Solenacea indet. (7406)
Early/Lower Kimmeridgian155.7 - 150.8Portugal Solenacea indet. (67942)
Early/Lower Tithonian150.8 - 145.0Portugal Senis elongatus (7892 7893)
Late/Upper Berriasian - Valanginian145.0 - 132.9Germany Siliqua aequilatera (95087)
Aptian125.0 - 113.0United Kingdom (England) Senis wharburtoni (1747 1764 1836 1851 1856)
Aptian125.0 - 113.0Japan Leptosolen sp. (69057)
Late/Upper Aptian122.46 - 113.0United Kingdom (England) Senis wharburtoni (162252)
Early/Lower Aptian121.4 - 122.46United Kingdom (England) Senis wharburtoni (235315)
Albian113.0 - 100.5USA (Kansas) Leptosolen otterensis (2038 2043 2057)
Albian113.0 - 100.5Japan Leptosolen sp., Pharella sp. (123133 123134 123156 123165)
Middle Albian109.0 - 105.3United Kingdom (England) Senis wharburtoni (1765)
Late/Upper Albian105.3 - 99.6United Kingdom (England) Senis sp. (6280)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9USA (Texas) Leptosolen angustus (4638 4647 4654 6604 6636) Leptosolen angustus, Senis elongatus (4641 4655 6498) Senis elongata (4658 4659) Senis elongatus (4637 4643 4645 4660 6484 6502 6527 6530 6540 6541 6548 6648)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Germany Leptosolen dupinianus (66779)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Japan Leptosolen sp., Pharella sp. (123154 123155 123167)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9USA (New Jersey) Leptosolen elongata (6651)