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Lystrosaurus murrayi

- Lystrosauridae

Taxonomy

Dicynodon murrayi was named by Huxley (1859). Its type specimen is NHMUK R1291, a skull, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Colesberg district, which is in an Induan terrestrial horizon in South Africa.

It was recombined as Ptychognathus murrayi by Owen (1860); it was replaced with Ptychosiagum murrayi by Lydekker (1890); it was recombined as Lystrosaurus murrayi by Seeley (1898), King (1988) and Kammerer et al. (2011).

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Synonyms

Ptychognathus boopis was named by Owen (1876).

It was synonymized subjectively with Lystrosaurus maccaigi by Brink (1951); it was synonymized subjectively with Lystrosaurus murrayi by Broom (1932), Cluver (1971), Colbert (1974) and King (1988).
Lystrosaurus breyeri was named by Van Hoepen (1915). Its type locality is Harrismith Commonage, which is in an Induan/Olenekian terrestrial horizon in the Normandien Formation of South Africa.

It was synonymized subjectively with Lystrosaurus murrayi by Broom (1932); it was synonymized subjectively with Lystrosaurus oviceps by Brink (1951), Cluver (1971), Colbert (1974) and King (1988); it was synonymized subjectively with Lystrosaurus curvatus by Georgi (2006).
Lystrosaurus jeppei was named by Van Hoepen (1916). Its type locality is Harrismith Commonage, which is in an Induan/Olenekian terrestrial horizon in the Normandien Formation of South Africa.

It was synonymized subjectively with Lystrosaurus murrayi by Brink (1951), Cluver (1971), Colbert (1974), King (1988) and Georgi (2006).
Prolystrosaurus natalensis was named by Haughton (1917).

It was synonymized subjectively with Lystrosaurus murrayi by Broom (1932), Cluver (1971), Colbert (1974), King (1988) and Georgi (2006).
Lystrosaurus rubidgei was named by Broom (1940). It is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Bethesda Road Area, which is in a Wuchiapingian/Changhsingian terrestrial horizon in South Africa.

It was synonymized subjectively with Lystrosaurus murrayi by Kitching (1968), Colbert (1974), Kitching (1977), King (1988) and Georgi (2006).
Lystrosaurus bothai was named by Broom (1941). Its type locality is Farm Rygerspoort, Cradock, which is in a Triassic terrestrial horizon in the Katberg Formation of South Africa.

It was synonymized subjectively with Lystrosaurus curvatus by Kitching (1977); it was synonymized subjectively with Lystrosaurus murrayi by Kitching (1968), Colbert (1974), King (1988) and Georgi (2006).
Lystrosaurus rajurkari was named by Tripathi and Satsangi (1963). Its type specimen is GSI 17867, a skull, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Talkunri, 3 miles SE of Asansol, which is in an Induan/Smithian terrestrial claystone in the Panchet Formation of India.

It was synonymized subjectively with Lystrosaurus murrayi by Ray (2005).
Ptychosiagum murrayi was named by Lydekker (1890).

It was synonymized subjectively with Lystrosaurus murrayi by Seeley (1898).
Dicynodon orientalis was named by Huxley (1865). Its type specimen is GSI unnumbered and is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Deoli, which is in an Induan/Smithian fluvial sandstone in the Panchet Formation of India.

It was recombined as Lystrosaurus orientalis by Tripathi (1961); it was synonymized subjectively with Lystrosaurus murrayi by Tripathi and Satsangi (1963).
Dicynodon copei was named by Seeley (1889). Its type specimen is NHMUK 47074, a partial skull, and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was synonymized subjectively with Lystrosaurus murrayi by Kammerer et al. (2011).
Lystrosaurus frontosus was named by Cope (1870). It is not extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Lystrosaurus murrayi by Broom (1932), Brink (1951), Cluver (1971), Colbert (1974) and King (1988).
Dicynodon (Ptychognathus) verticalis was named by Owen (1860). Its type specimen is NHMUK 36224, a skull, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Rhenosterberg (Lystrosaurus Assemblage Zone), which is in an Induan terrestrial siliciclastic in the Katberg Formation of South Africa.

It was synonymized subjectively with Lystrosaurus murrayi by Broom (1932), Kitching (1968), Cluver (1971), Colbert (1974) and King (1988).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1859	Dicynodon murrayi Huxley
1860	Ptychognathus murrayi Owen
1860	Dicynodon (Ptychognathus) verticalis Owen p. 54
1865	Dicynodon orientalis Huxley p. 8
1870	Lystrosaurus frontosus Cope
1876	Ptychognathus boopis Owen
1889	Dicynodon copei Seeley
1890	Ptychosiagum murrayi Lydekker
1898	Lystrosaurus murrayi Seeley
1915	Lystrosaurus breyeri Van Hoepen
1916	Lystrosaurus jeppei Van Hoepen
1917	Prolystrosaurus natalensis Haughton
1940	Lystrosaurus rubidgei Broom
1941	Lystrosaurus bothai Broom
1961	Lystrosaurus orientalis Tripathi
1963	Lystrosaurus rajurkari Tripathi and Satsangi
1988	Lystrosaurus murrayi King
2011	Lystrosaurus murrayi Kammerer et al.

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Triploblastica
—	Nephrozoa
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
—	Sarcopterygii
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda	()
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria

Rank	Name	Author
—	Batrachosauria	()
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
—	Synapsida	()
—	Therapsida	()
—	Anomodontia	(Owen 1859)
—	Chainosauria	()
—	Dicynodontia	(Owen 1859)
—	Bidentalia	()
—	Dicynodontoidea	Cluver and King 1983
family	Lystrosauridae
genus	Lystrosaurus	Cope 1870
species	murrayi	()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available