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Trachypithecus (lutung)
Taxonomy
Trachypithecus was named by Reichenbach (1862). It is extant.
It was assigned to Colobidae by Jablonski (2002); to Colobinae by Whittaker et al. (2006); to Colobinae by Xing et al. (2005), Wilson and Reeder (2005) and Osterholz et al. (2008); and to Cercopithecidae by Hooijer (1962) and Burgin et al. (2018).
It was assigned to Colobidae by Jablonski (2002); to Colobinae by Whittaker et al. (2006); to Colobinae by Xing et al. (2005), Wilson and Reeder (2005) and Osterholz et al. (2008); and to Cercopithecidae by Hooijer (1962) and Burgin et al. (2018).
Species
T. auratus (syn. Semnopithecus pyrrhus), T. barbei, T. catemana, T. crepusculus, T. cristatus (syn. Presbytis cristata pullata, Presbytis vigilans, Semnopithecus pruinosus, Pygathrix ultima, Simia villosa, Semnopithecus rutledgii), T. delacouri, T. ebenus, T. flavicauda, T. francoisi, T. geei, T. germaini, T. hatinhensis, T. laotum, T. leucocephalus, T. margarita, T. mauritius, T. maurus, T. obscurus, T. phayrei, T. pileatus, T. poliocephalus, T. selangorensis, T. shortridgei, T. sondaicus
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1862 | Trachypithecus Reichenbach |
| 1862 | Kasi Reichenbach p. 101 |
| 1962 | Trachypithecus Hooijer p. 436 |
| 2002 | Trachypithecus Jablonski |
| 2005 | Trachypithecus Wilson and Reeder |
| 2005 | Trachypithecus Xing et al. |
| 2006 | Trachypithecus Whittaker et al. p. 889 |
| 2008 | Trachypithecus Osterholz et al. p. 7 |
| 2018 | Trachypithecus Burgin et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Trachypithecus Reichenbach 1862 [lutung]
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Presbytis cristatus ultimus Elliot 1913
Trachypithecus auratus Geoffroy 1812 [Javan lutung]
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Pithecus pyrrhus kohlbruggei Sody 1931
Invalid names: Semnopithecus pyrrhus Horsfield 1824 [synonym]
Trachypithecus barbei Blythe 1847 [Tenasserim lutung]
Trachypithecus catemana Lyon 1908
Trachypithecus crepusculus Elliot 1909
Trachypithecus cristatus Raffles 1821 [silvery lutung]
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Trachypithecus cristatus cristatus Raffles 1821
†Trachypithecus cristatus robustus Hooijer 1962
Invalid names: Presbytis cristata pullata Thomas and Wroughton 1909 [synonym], Presbytis vigilans Miller 1913 [synonym], Pygathrix ultima Elliot 1910 [synonym], Semnopithecus pruinosus Desmarest 1822 [synonym], Semnopithecus rutledgii Anderson 1878 [synonym], Simia villosa Griffith 1821 [synonym]
Trachypithecus delacouri Osgood 1911 [Delacour's langur]
Trachypithecus ebenus Brandon-Jones 1995
Trachypithecus flavicauda Elliot 1910
Trachypithecus francoisi de Pousargues 1898 [Francois' langur]
Trachypithecus geei Khajuria 1956 [Gee's golden langur]
Trachypithecus germaini Milne-Edwards 1876 [Indochinese lutung]
Trachypithecus hatinhensis Dao 1970
Trachypithecus laotum Thomas 1921 [Laotian langur]
Trachypithecus leucocephalus Tang 1955
Trachypithecus margarita Elliot 1909
Trachypithecus mauritius Roos et al. 2008
Trachypithecus maurus Schreber 1775
Trachypithecus obscurus Reid 1837 [dusky leaf monkey]
Trachypithecus phayrei Blyth 1847 [Phayre's leaf monkey]
Trachypithecus pileatus Blyth 1843 [capped langur]
Trachypithecus poliocephalus Trouessart 1911 [white-headed langur]
Trachypithecus selangorensis Roos et al. 2008
Trachypithecus shortridgei Wroughton 1915
Trachypithecus sondaicus Robinson and Kloss 1919
Invalid names: Kasi Reichenbach 1862 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
| part | N | mean |
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| Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Lillegraven 1979, Nowak 1991, Carroll 1988, Ji et al. 2002, Hendy et al. 2009 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Middle Pleistocene to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 0.77400 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 0.129 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 0.129 Ma
Collections (9 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pleistocene | Indonesia (Sumatra) | Trachypithecus cristatus (192508) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Indonesia (Jawa Timur) | Presbytis cristatus (93521) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | China (Guangdong) | Trachypithecus sp., Trachypithecus phayrei (40341) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Indonesia (East Java) | Trachypithecus cristatus (192506 192507) | |
| Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene | China (Guangdong) | Trachypithecus francois, Trachypithecus phayrei, Presbytis sp. (13293) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (high glacial) | China (Hubei) | Trachypithecus phayrei (92787) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Thailand | Trachypithecus obscurus (176214) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | Malaysia | Trachypithecus cristatus (192522) |