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Acrotretida

Lingulata - Acrotretida

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1891Neotremata Beecher
1904Neotremata Martin p. 402
1949Acrotretida Kuhn
1961Neotremata Hoare p. 22
1974Acrotretida Brunton and Champion p. 815
1977Acrotretida Mitchell
1986Acrotretida Holmer
1989Acrotretida Holmer
1990Acrotretida Holmer and Popov
1992Acrotretida Bengtson p. 1030
1993Acrotretida Puura and Holmer
2000Acrotretida Bruton and Harper
2000Acrotretida Popov
2000Acrotretida Williams et al. p. 97
2002Acrotretida Sepkoski
2011Acrotretida Hansen and Holmer
2017Acrotretida Skovsted et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
—Lophophorata
RankNameAuthor
—PanbrachiopodaCarlson and Cohen 2020
phylumBrachiopodaCuvier 1805
subphylumLinguliformeaWilliams et al. 1996
classLingulataGorjansky and Popov 1985
orderAcrotretidaKuhn 1949
orderAcrotretidaKuhn 1949

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Or. †Acrotretida Kuhn 1949
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Superfm. †Acrotretoidea Schuchert 1893
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G. †Acrothyra Mathew 1901
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†Acrothyra bonnia Skovsted et al. 2017
†Acrothyra minor Walcott 1905
†Acrothyra proavia Matthew 1899
†Acrothyra sera Mathew 1902
Fm. †Acrotretidae Schuchert 1893
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G. †Acrotreta Kutorga 1848
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†Acrotreta argenta Walcott 1902
†Acrotreta attenuata Meek 1873
†Acrotreta baileyi Matthew 1886
†Acrotreta bellatula Walcott 1908
†Acrotreta bisecta Matthew 1901
†Acrotreta cancellata Walcott 1905
†Acrotreta claytoni Walcott 1902
†Acrotreta concentrica Walcott 1902
†Acrotreta conula Walcott 1902
†Acrotreta convexa Walcott 1902
†Acrotreta declivis Willard 1928
†Acrotreta definita Walcott 1902
†Acrotreta emmonsi Walcott 1905
†Acrotreta gemma Billings 1865
†Acrotreta gracia Walcott 1902
†Acrotreta idahoensis Walcott 1902
†Acrotreta inflata Mathew 1886
†Acrotreta kutorgai Walcott 1902
†Acrotreta levata Resser 1939
†Acrotreta liani Walcott 1905
†Acrotreta marjumensis Walcott 1908
†Acrotreta miser Billings 1872
†Acrotreta neboensis Walcott 1905
†Acrotreta nitens Resser 1938
†Acrotreta nox Walcott 1905
†Acrotreta ovalis Walcott 1902
†Acrotreta pacifica Walcott 1905
†Acrotreta parvula Wallerius 1895
†Acrotreta pyxidicula White 1874
†Acrotreta rudis Walcott 1908
†Acrotreta sagittalis Salter 1865
†Acrotreta schmalensei Walcott 1902
†Acrotreta schucherti Lochman 1938
†Acrotreta seebachi Walcott 1902
†Acrotreta shantungensis Walcott 1905
†Acrotreta signalis Walcott 1902
†Acrotreta subconica Kutorga 1848
†Acrotreta subsidua White 1874
†Acrotreta ulrichi Walcott 1908
†Acrotreta uplandensis Wiman 1903
Subfm. †Acrotretinae Schuchert 1893
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G. †Talasotreta Holmer et al. 1996
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†Talasotreta alta Cooper 1956
†Talasotreta apollonovi Holmer et al. 1996
†Talasotreta deformis Holmer 1989
†Talasotreta gigantea Cooper 1956
†Talasotreta magna Cooper 1956
G. †Amictocracens Henderson and MacKinnon 1981
G. †Anabolotreta Rowell and Henderson 1978
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†Anabolotreta diversa Koneva 1986
†Anabolotreta lepida Koneva 1986
G. †Anelotreta Pelman 1986
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†Anelotreta magna Pelman 1986
G. †Angulotreta Palmer 1954
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†Angulotreta postapicalis Palmer 1954
†Angulotreta triangularis Palmer 1954
G. †Aphelotreta Rowell 1980
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†Aphelotreta minuta Rowell 1980
G. †Apsotreta Palmer 1954
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†Apsotreta expansa Palmer 1954
†Apsotreta orifera Palmer 1954
G. †Araktina Koneva 1992
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†Araktina intermedia Koneva 1992
G. †Brachaktassia Li et al. 2012
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Invalid names: Aktassia Popov 1976 [replaced]
G. †Canthylotreta Rowell 1966
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†Canthylotreta atasuica Holmer et al. 2001
G. †Conotreta Walcott 1889
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†Conotreta apicalis Cooper 1956
†Conotreta chernovi Popov 2000
†Conotreta conoidea Reed 1917
†Conotreta convexa Hansen and Holmer 2011
†Conotreta cuspidata Cooper 1956
†Conotreta davidsoni Reed 1917
†Conotreta lepton Williams and Curry 1985
†Conotreta mica Gorjansky 1969
†Conotreta millardensis Popov et al. 2002
†Conotreta orbicularis Holmer 1986
†Conotreta plana Cooper 1956
†Conotreta rusti Walcott 1889
†Conotreta siljanensis Holmer 1989
G. †Cyrtonotreta Holmer 1989
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†Cyrtonotreta depressa Cooper 1956
†Cyrtonotreta profilbekkiensis Hansen and Holmer 2011
†Cyrtonotreta spinosa Hansen and Holmer 2011
†Cyrtonotreta striata Holmer 1989
†Cyrtonotreta vasculata Benedetto 2015
G. †Dactylotreta Rowell and Henderson 1978
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†Dactylotreta septata Holmer et al. 2001
G. †Dicondylotreta Me 1993
G. †Ditreta Biernat 1973
G. †Eohadrotreta Li and Holmer 2004
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†Eohadrotreta zhenbaensis Li and Holmer 2004
†Eohadrotreta zhujiahensis Li and Holmer 2004
G. †Eurytreta Rowell 1966
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†Eurytreta campaniformis Krause and Rowell 1975
†Eurytreta curvata Walcott 1902
†Eurytreta discors Popov 1988
†Eurytreta fillmorensis Holmer et al. 2005
†Eurytreta minor Biernat 1973
†Eurytreta sublata Popov 1988
†Eurytreta subtriangularis Hansen and Holmer 2011
G. †Fascicoma Popov 1980
G. †Genetreta Wotte and Mergl 2007
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†Genetreta trilix Wotte and Mergl 2007
G. †Hisingerella Henningsmoen 1948
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†Hisingerella devota Krause and Rowell 1975
†Hisingerella hetera Percival 1978
†Hisingerella maniformis Hansen and Holmer 2011
†Hisingerella nana Hadding 1913
†Hisingerella nitens Hisinger 1837
†Hisingerella tenuis Holmer 1986
†Hisingerella unguicula Holmer 1989
G. †Homotreta Bell 1941
G. †Iberotreta Wotte and Mergl 2007
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†Iberotreta sampelayoi Wotte and Mergl 2007
G. †Kostjubella Popov et al. 1996
G. †Kotylotreta Koneva 1990
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†Kotylotreta undata Koneva 1990
G. †Kuangshanotreta Zhang et al. 2012
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†Kuangshanotreta malungensis Wang et al. 2012
G. †Lensotreta Streng and Holmer 2006
G. †Linnarssonella Walcott 1902
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†Linnarssonella girtyi Walcott 1902
†Linnarssonella minuta Hall and Whitfield 1877
†Linnarssonella nitens Walcott 1908
†Linnarssonella transversa Walcott 1908
†Linnarssonella tubicula Robson et al. 2003
†Linnarssonella urania Walcott 1908
G. †Linnarssonia Walcott 1885
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†Linnarssonia captiosa Koneva 1990
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Invalid names: Linnarssonia ventosa Koneva 1990 [synonym]
†Linnarssonia constans Koneva 1983
†Linnarssonia ophirensis Walcott 1902
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†Linnarssonia taconica Walcott 1885
Invalid names: Pegmatreta [synonym]
G. †Longipegma Popov and Holmer 1994
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†Longipegma gorjanskii Popov and Holmer 1994
†Longipegma memorabilis Ushatinskaya 1994
Invalid names: Kotujotreta Ushatinskaya 1994 [synonym]
G. †Neotreta Sobolev 1976
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†Neotreta davidi Popov et al. 1994
†Neotreta orbiculata Koneva 1990
†Neotreta pusilla Koneva 1986
G. †Olentotreta Koneva et al. 1990
G. †Opisthotreta Palmer 1954
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†Opisthotreta depressa Palmer 1954
G. †Ottenbyella Popov and Holmer 1994
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†Ottenbyella evanda Popov 1988
†Ottenbyella shidertensis Popov and Holmer 1994
G. †Physotreta Rowell 1966
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†Physotreta rugosa Popov 1980
†Physotreta spinosa Walcott 1905
G. †Picnotreta Henderson and MacKinnon 1981
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†Picnotreta debilis Henderson and MacKinnon 1981
†Picnotreta karakichiensis Holmer et al. 2001
†Picnotreta robusta Holmer et al. 1999
G. †Prototreta Bell 1941
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†Prototreta gribovensis Popov 1985
†Prototreta millsi Brock and Percival 2006
†Prototreta venusta Koneva 1990
G. †Quadrisonia Rowell and Henderson 1978
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†Quadrisonia declivis Koneva and Popov 1988
†Quadrisonia lavadamensis Popov et al. 2002
†Quadrisonia minor Rowell and Henderson 1978
†Quadrisonia suspensa Koneva and Popov 1988
G. †Rhondellina Rowell 1986
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†Rhondellina albertensis Robson et al. 2003
†Rhondellina karatauensis Koneva 1992
G. †Satpakella Koneva et al. 1990
G. †Semitreta Biernat 1973
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†Semitreta acrobela Krause and Rowell 1975
†Semitreta basisslettaensis Hansen and Holmer 2011
†Semitreta major Biernat 1973
†Semitreta pustulosa Hansen and Holmer 2011
†Semitreta spitsbergensis Hansen and Holmer 2011
Invalid names: Hansotreta Krause and Rowell 1975 [synonym]
G. †Spondylotreta Cooper 1956
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†Spondylotreta maior Bednarczyk and Biernat 1978
†Spondylotreta orsaensis Holmer 1989
†Spondylotreta parva Wright 1963
G. †Stilpnotreta Henderson and MacKinnon 1981
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†Stilpnotreta magna Henderson and MacKinnon 1981
†Stilpnotreta minuta Holmer et al. 2001
†Stilpnotreta tecta Koneva 1990
G. †Tapuritreta Popov et al. 2009
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†Tapuritreta reclinata Streng et al. 2011
G. †Treptotreta Henderson and MacKinnon 1981
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†Treptotreta jucunda Henderson and MacKinnon 1981
†Treptotreta socialis Seebach 1865
G. †Vandalotreta Mergl 1988
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Invalid names: Luhotreta Mergl and Slehoferova 1990 [synonym]
Invalid names: Biernatinae Holmer 1989 [empty], Linnarssoniinae Rowell 1965 [empty], Scaphelasmatinae Rowell 1965 [empty], Torynelasmatinae Rowell 1965 [empty]
Fm. †Ceratretidae Rowell 1965
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G. †Almohadella Streng 1999
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†Almohadella braunae Streng 1999
G. †Bozshakolia Ushatinskaya et al. 1986
G. †Ceratreta Bell 1941
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†Ceratreta tanneri Metzger 1922
Subfm. †Ephippelasmatinae Rowell 1965
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G. †Lurigitcoma Popov 1980
G. †Keyserlingia Pander 1861
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†Keyserlingia buchii deVerneuil 1845
†Keyserlingia reversa deVerneuil 1845
Invalid names: Clistotrema Rowell 1963 [synonym]
G. †Kleithriatreta Roberts and Jell 1990
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†Kleithriatreta kostekensis Holmer et al. 2001
G. †Craniotreta Termier and Monod 1978
Fm. †Curticiidae Walcott and Schuchert 1908
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G. †Curticia Walcott 1905
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†Curticia elegantula Walcott 1905
Fm. †Eoconulidae Rowell 1965
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G. †Eoconulus Cooper 1956
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†Eoconulus antelopensis Krause and Rowell 1975
†Eoconulus clivosus Popov 1975
†Eoconulus cryptomus Gorjansky 1969
†Eoconulus cryptomyus Gorjansky 1969
†Eoconulus dymiensis Bednarczyk and Biernat 1978
†Eoconulus dyminensis Bednarczyk and Biernat 1978
†Eoconulus rectangulatus Cooper 1956
†Eoconulus robustus Holmer 1989
†Eoconulus semiregularis Biernat 1973
†Eoconulus subquadratus Hansen and Holmer 2011
†Eoconulus transversus Wright 1963
G. †Otariconulus Holmer and Popov 2000
G. †Undiferina Cooper 1956
Fm. †Ephippelasmatidae Rowell 1965
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G. †Aipyotreta Sutton et al. 2000
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†Aipyotreta conferta Ghobadi Pour et al. 2007
G. †Akmolina Popov and Holmer 1994
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†Akmolina olentensis Popov and Holmer 1994
†Akmolina tubulus Percival et al. 2014
G. †Ephippelasma Cooper 1956
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†Ephippelasma minutum Cooper 1956
G. †Ghavidelia Ghobadi Pour et al. 2007
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†Ghavidelia damghanensis Ghobadi Pour et al. 2007
G. †Lurgiticoma Popov 1980
G. †Mamatia Popov and Holmer 1994
G. †Myotreta Goryansky 1969
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†Myotreta crassa Goryansky 1969
†Myotreta dalecarlica Holmer 1989
†Myotreta estoniana Biernat 1973
†Myotreta goryansky Bednarczyk 1986
†Myotreta orensis Holmer 1989
G. †Numericoma Popov 1980
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†Numericoma ornata Popov 1980
†Numericoma perplexa Holmer 1989
†Numericoma proclina Hansen and Holmer 2011
†Numericoma simplex Holmer 1989
†Numericoma spinosa Biernat 1973
G. †Pomeraniotreta Bednarczyk 1986
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†Pomeraniotreta biernati Bednarczyk 1986
†Pomeraniotreta biernati Bednarczyk 1986
†Pomeraniotreta obtusa Holmer et al. 2001
Invalid names: Anatreta [synonym]
G. †Rhinotreta Holmer 1986
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†Rhinotreta davidi Holmer 1989
†Rhinotreta laeta Popov et al. 1982
†Rhinotreta muscularis Holmer 1986
G. †Veliseptum Popov 1976
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†Veliseptum fragile Popov 1976
†Veliseptum strictum Holmer 1986
G. †Hadrotreta Rowell 1966
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†Hadrotreta primaea Walcott 1902
†Hadrotreta taconica Walcott 1887
†Vandalotreta djagoran Walcott 1902
Fm. †Scaphelasmatidae Rowell 1965
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G. †Artiotreta Ireland 1961
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†Artiotreta longisepta Valentine et al. 2003
†Artiotreta parva Ireland 1961
G. †Eoscaphelasma Koneva et al. 1990
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†Eoscaphelasma delicata Holmer et al. 2001
†Eoscaphelasma satpakensis Koneva et al. 1990
G. †Rhysotreta Cooper 1956
G. †Scaphelasma Cooper 1956
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†Scaphelasma afflata Zhang 1995
†Scaphelasma anomalatum Krause and Rowell 1975
†Scaphelasma bukowkense Bednarczyk and Biernat 1978
†Scaphelasma lamellosum Krause and Rowell 1975
†Scaphelasma mica Popov 1975
†Scaphelasma pussillum Popov 1980
†Scaphelasma scutula Popov et al. 1994
†Scaphelasma septatum Cooper 1956
†Scaphelasma septatum rugosum Goryansky 1969
†Scaphelasma subquadratum Biernat 1973
†Scaphelasma tumidatum Krause and Rowell 1975
G. †Tobejalotreta Popov et al. 1990
G. †Schizotretoides Termier and Monod 1978
Fm. †Torynelasmatidae Rowell 1965
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G. †Acrotretella Ireland 1961
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†Acrotretella dizeugosa Valentine et al. 2006
†Acrotretella siluriana Ireland 1961
G. †Cristicoma Popov 1980
G. †Issedonia Popov 1980
G. †Mylloconotreta Williams and Curry 1985
G. †Naimania Popov 2000
G. †Paratreta Biernat 1973
G. †Polylasma Popov 1980
G. †Torynelasma Cooper 1956
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†Torynelasma papillosum Krause and Rowell 1975
†Torynelasma suecicum Holmer 1989
†Torynelasma toryniferum Cooper 1956
†Torynelasma zhetysuicum Nikitina et al. 2006
Invalid names: Acrotretacea Schuchert 1893 [replaced]
Fm. †Biernatidae Holmer 1989
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G. †Biernatia Holmer 1989
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†Biernatia acuta Troedsson 1918
†Biernatia curvata Holmer 1986
†Biernatia forte Popov 1975
†Biernatia holmi Holmer 1989
†Biernatia magnum Goryansky 1969
†Biernatia minor Cooper 1956
†Biernatia minor rossicum Goryansky 1969
†Biernatia plana Holmer 1986
†Biernatia rarum Biernat 1973
G. †Opsiconidion Ludvigsen 1974
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†Opsiconidion decessus Mergl 2001
†Opsiconidion nanus Mergl 2019
†Opsiconidion praecursor Popov et al. 1994
Invalid names: Caenotreta [synonym]
G. †Eleutherocrania von Huene 1899
G. †Ferralstreta Gonzalez-Gomez 2005
G. †Maruia Percival et al. 2014
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†Maruia castellum Percival et al. 2014
G. †Orbiculopora Batrukova 1969
G. †Pseudometoptoma Huene 1899
Invalid names: Acrotretidina Kuhn 1949 [empty], Neotremata Beecher 1891 [replaced]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphatico
Environment: marineuc
Locomotion: stationaryo
Attached: yeso
Life habit: epifaunalo
Diet: suspension feedero
Vision: blindc
Comments: ECOSPACE CODE: 361.o
Created: 2004-02-28 14:28:24
Modified: 2009-10-11 14:01:21
Source: o = order, c = class, uc = unranked clade
References: Aberhan et al. 2004, Nesnidal et al. 2013

Age range: base of the Branchian to the top of the Early/Lower Maastrichtian or 517.10000 to 66.00000 Ma

Collections (964 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Caerfai538.8 - 509.0USA (Nevada) Hadrotreta sp. (190)
Early/Lower Cambrian538.8 - 509.0Finland (Åland) Ceratreta tanneri (191155)
Caerfai - St Davids538.8 - 497.0Italy (Sardinia) Linnarssonella sp., Vandalotreta proclinis (55908) Opisthotreta sardica (55892 55893 55896 55897 55905 55906 55907) Opisthotreta sardica, Vandalotreta proclinis (55902)
Early/Lower Cambrian - Middle Cambrian538.8 - 497.0USA (Nevada) Acrotretidae indet. (204003)
Cambrian538.8 - 485.4Sweden (Dalarna) Ceratreta tanneri (191162)
Cambrian538.8 - 485.4USA (Montana) Acrotreta sp. (258)
Cambrian538.8 - 485.4USA (South Dakota) Acrotreta sp. (231)
Cambrian538.8 - 485.4Sweden (Östergötland) Ceratreta tanneri (191157 191159 191161)
Cambrian538.8 - 485.4Russian Federation (St. Petersburg) Ceratreta tanneri, Angulotreta postapicalis (191187)
Cambrian538.8 - 485.4Estonia Ceratreta tanneri, Angulotreta postapicalis (195553)

Youngest occurrences
Time interval Ma Country or state PBDB collection number
Telychian438.5 - 433.4Austria Caenotreta celloni, Caenotreta sp. (72282)
Wenlock433.4 - 427.4USA (Tennessee) Acrotretidae indet. (26802)
Wenlock - Ludlow433.4 - 423.0Austria Caenotreta sp. (72283)
Gorstian427.4 - 425.6Czech Republic Caenotreta sp. (14106)
Late/Upper Emsian402.5 - 391.9USA (Alaska) Opsiconidion sp. (3948)
Eifelian393.3 - 387.7Czech Republic Biernatidae sp., Opsiconidion decessus, Opsiconidion nanus (62172) Opsiconidion decessus (203874)
Late/Upper Devonian382.7 - 358.9USA (Iowa) Acrotretida indet. (666)
Famennian372.2 - 358.9USA (Ohio) Acrotretida indet. (653)
Meramecian343.0 - 335.5USA (Georgia) Acrotretida indet. (571 573)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0Romania (Hunedoara) Eoconulus sp. (67818)