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Spea
Taxonomy
Spea was named by Cope (1866). It is extant.
It was reranked as Scaphiopus (Spea) by Zweifel (1956) and Estes and Tihen (1964).
It was assigned to Scaphiopidae by Cope (1875); to Scaphiopus by Zweifel (1956) and Estes and Tihen (1964); to Pelobatidae by Henrici (1994), Henrici and Haynes (2006) and Henrici (2009); and to Acosmanura by Baez (2013).
It was reranked as Scaphiopus (Spea) by Zweifel (1956) and Estes and Tihen (1964).
It was assigned to Scaphiopidae by Cope (1875); to Scaphiopus by Zweifel (1956) and Estes and Tihen (1964); to Pelobatidae by Henrici (1994), Henrici and Haynes (2006) and Henrici (2009); and to Acosmanura by Baez (2013).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1866 | Spea Cope |
| 1875 | Spea Cope p. 31 |
| 1942 | Neoscaphiopus Taylor |
| 1956 | Scaphiopus (Spea) Zweifel p. 22 |
| 1956 | Scaphiopus (Neoscaphiopus) Zweifel p. 27 |
| 1964 | Scaphiopus (Spea) Estes and Tihen p. 460 |
| 1994 | Spea Henrici |
| 2006 | Spea Henrici and Haynes p. 24 |
| 2009 | Spea Henrici p. 275 |
| 2013 | Spea Baez |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Spea Cope 1866
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†Scaphiopus (Spea) alexanderi Zweifel 1956
Spea bombifrons Cope 1863 [Plains spadefoot]
Spea hammondii Baird 1859 [Western spadefoot toad]
Spea intermontana Cope 1883 [Great Basin spadefoot toad]
Spea multiplicata Cope 1863 [New Mexico spadefoot toad]
†Spea neuter Kluge 1966
†Spea studeri Taylor 1938
Invalid names: Neoscaphiopus Taylor 1942 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: subo = suborder, c = class, subp = subphylum, uc = unranked clade | |||||
| References: Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009, Uhen 2004 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Geringian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 30.80000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 26.3 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 26.3 Ma
Collections (33 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Geringian | USA (South Dakota) | Scaphiopus neuter (17636) | |
| Harrisonian | USA (Nebraska) | Scaphiopus neuter (17802) | |
| Barstovian | USA (Nebraska) | Scaphiopus alexanderi (18284) Scaphiopus bombifrons (18141 18208) | |
| Barstovian | Canada (Saskatchewan) | Scaphiopus alexanderi (18759) | |
| Early/Lower Barstovian | USA (Montana) | S. neuter (18803) | |
| Clarendonian | USA (Nevada) | Scaphiopus alexanderi (18888) | |
| Late/Upper Clarendonian | USA (Nebraska) | S. sp. (18327) | |
| Hemphillian | USA (Kansas) | Scaphiopus pliobatrachus (18140) Scaphiopus studeri (18342) | |
| Blancan | USA (Kansas) | Neoscaphiopus noblei, Scaphiopus diversus (154240) S. sp. (19931) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (Kansas) | Scaphiopus bombifrons (20332 20427 20516) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | USA (Colorado) | Scaphiopus bombifrons (20355 20358 20359 20360 20361 20367 20369 20370 27632 27639 27684 27685 27691) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial) | USA (New Mexico) | Scaphiopus bombifrons (140702) Scaphiopus bombifrons, Scaphiopus hammondi (93139) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | USA (Kansas) | Scaphiopus bombifrons (20605) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene (late glacial) | USA (Arizona) | Scaphiopus hammondi (93374) |