Koeberg Nuclear Power Station: Zanclean, South Africa
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
unclassified
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Sparidae indet.
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Govender 2019 | |||||||||
Heyaenidae indet.
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Govender 2019 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Equidae
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Hipparion sp.
de Christol 1832
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Govender 2019 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Rhinocerotidae
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Ceratotherium sp.
Gray 1868
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Govender 2019 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Cetacea
- Balaenopteridae
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Balaenopteridae indet.
Gray 1864
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Mannino et al. 2015 | |||||||||
Diunatans sp.
Bosselaers and Post 2010
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Govender 2019 | |||||||||
sp. 1 | ||||||||||
Fragilicetus sp.
Bisconti and Bosselaers 2016
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Govender 2019 | |||||||||
"Balaenoptera" borealina
Van Beneden 1880
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Govender 2019 | |||||||||
nomen dubium belonging to Balaenopteridae | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Cetacea
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Odontoceti indet.
Flower 1867
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Govender 2019 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Cetacea
- Ziphiidae
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cf. Izikoziphius sp.
Bianucci et al. 2007
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Govender 2019 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Cetacea
- Physeteridae
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Physeter macrocephalus
Linnaeus 1758
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Mannino et al. 2015 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Cetacea
- Phocoenidae
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Phocoenidae indet.
(Gray 1825)
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Mannino et al. 2015 | |||||||||
cf. Australithax sp.
Muizon 1988
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Govender 2019 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Cetacea
- Delphinidae
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Delphinidae indet.
Gray 1821
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Mannino et al. 2015 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Bovidae
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Taurotragus strepiceros
|
Govender 2019 | |||||||||
Pelorovis antiquus
(Duvernoy 1851)
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Govender 2019 | |||||||||
Redunca sp.
Smith 1827
|
Govender 2019 | |||||||||
Antilopini indet.
Gray 1821
|
Govender 2019 | |||||||||
Antidorcas sp.
Sundevall 1847
|
Govender 2019 | |||||||||
Raphicerus sp.
Smith 1827
|
Govender 2019 | |||||||||
Connochaetes sp.
(Lichtenstein 1812)
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Govender 2019 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Phocidae
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Phocidae indet.
(Gray 1821)
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Avery and Klein 2011 | |||||||||
original and current combination Phocadae | ||||||||||
Homiphoca sp.
Muizon and Hendey 1980
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Govender 2019 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Otariidae
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Otariidae indet.
(Gray 1825)
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Avery and Klein 2011 | |||||||||
Arctocephalus sp.
Cuvier 1826
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Govender 2019 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Lagomorpha
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Lagomorpha indet.
Brandt 1885
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Govender 2019 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Bathyergidae
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Bathyergidae indet.
Waterhouse 1841
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Govender 2019 | |||||||||
Reptilia
- Testudines
- Testudinidae
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Testudinidae indet.
Batsch 1788
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Govender 2019 | |||||||||
Reptilia
- Phasianidae
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Francolinus sp.
Stephens 1819
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Olson 1985 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
Reptilia
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"Palaeospheniscus" huxleyorum
Simpson 1973
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Olson 1985 | 43 specimens | ||||||||
Reptilia
- Spheniscidae
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Nucleornis insolitus n. gen., n. sp.
Simpson 1979
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12 specimens | |||||||||
= "Nucleornis" insolitus
Simpson 1979
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Olson 1985 | |||||||||
"Inguza" predemersus
(Simpson 1971)
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Olson 1985 | 13 specimens | ||||||||
"Dege" hendeyi
Simpson 1979
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Olson 1985 | 2 specimens | ||||||||
Reptilia
- Oceanitidae
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Oceanites sp.
Keyserling and Blasius 1840
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Olson 1985 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
Reptilia
- Procellariidae
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Procellariidae indet.
Vigors 1825
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Olson 1983 | |||||||||
Fulmarinae indet.
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Olson 1985 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
Puffinus (Puffinus) sp.
Brisson 1760
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Olson 1985 | 17 specimens | ||||||||
species A & B & C | ||||||||||
Calonectris sp.
Mathews and Iredale 1915
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Olson 1985 | 2 specimens | ||||||||
Pachyptila sp.
Illiger 1811
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Olson 1985 | 4 specimens | ||||||||
species B & C | ||||||||||
Pachyptila salax
Olson 1985
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Olson 1985 | 8 specimens | ||||||||
Procellaria sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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Olson 1985 | 2 specimens | ||||||||
Reptilia
- Suliformes
- Sulidae
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Sulidae indet.
Reichenbach 1849
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Olson 1983 | |||||||||
Sula sp.
Brisson 1760
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Olson 1985 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
Reptilia
- Suliformes
- Phalacrocoracidae
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Phalacrocoracidae indet.
Reichenbach 1850
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Olson 1983 | |||||||||
3 spp. | ||||||||||
Phalacrocorax sp.
Brisson 1760
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Olson 1985 | 23 specimens | ||||||||
Phalacrocorax (cf. Microcarbo) sp.
(Bonaparte 1856)
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Olson 1985 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
original and current combination Microcarbo | ||||||||||
Actinopteri
- Siluriformes
- Ariidae
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Tachysurus sp.
Lacepede 1804
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Govender 2019 | |||||||||
Actinopteri
- Istiophoriformes
- Xiphiidae
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Xiphiidae indet.
Swainson 1839
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Govender 2019 | |||||||||
Actinopteri
- Tetraodontiformes
- Balistidae
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Balistidae indet.
|
Govender 2019 | |||||||||
Chondrichthyes
- Myliobatiformes
- Myliobatidae
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Myliobatidae indet.
Bonaparte 1838
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Govender 2019 | |||||||||
Chondrichthyes
- Rhinopristiformes
- Pristidae
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Pristidae indet.
Bonaparte 1838
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Govender 2019 | |||||||||
Chondrichthyes
- Lamniformes
- Lamnidae
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Isurus oxyrhynchus
(Rafinesque 1810)
|
Govender 2019 | |||||||||
original and current combination Isurus oxyrinchus | ||||||||||
Carcharodon carcharias
(Linnaeus 1758)
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Govender 2019 | |||||||||
Chondrichthyes
- Lamniformes
- Otodontidae
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Carcharocles megalodon
(Agassiz 1835)
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Govender 2019 | |||||||||
recombined as Otodus megalodon | ||||||||||
Chondrichthyes
- Lamniformes
- Carchariidae
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Carcharias taurus
Rafinesque 1810
|
Govender 2019 | |||||||||
Chondrichthyes
- Lamniformes
- Alopiidae
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Alopias vulpinus
(Bonnaterre 1788)
|
Govender 2019 | |||||||||
Chondrichthyes
- Carcharhiniformes
- Sphyrnidae
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Sphyrna zygaena
(Linnaeus 1758)
|
Govender 2019 | |||||||||
see common names |
Geography
Country: | South Africa |
Coordinates: | 33.7° South, 18.4° East (view map) |
Paleocoordinates: | 33.8° South, 18.0° East |
Basis of coordinate: | stated in text |
Time
Period: | Neogene | Epoch: | Pliocene |
Stage: | Zanclean | 10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 6 |
Key time interval: | Zanclean | ||
Age range of interval: | 5.33300 - 3.60000 m.y. ago |
Stratigraphy
Formation: | Varswater | ||||
Stratigraphic resolution: | formation | ||||
Stratigraphy comments: early Pliocene
The fossils provide a Zanclean age (5 Ma) for the deposit4 which is equivalent to the Muishond Fontein Pelletal Phosphorite Member of the Varswater Formation at Langebaanweg. |
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: | red,yellow sandstone |
Includes fossils? | Y |
Environment: | paralic indet. |
Geology comments: JA: originally entered by Uhen as eolian (terrestrial) but the material is clearly from a beach and almost entirely marine, so I have changed it to paralic |
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation: | body |
Size of fossils: | macrofossils |
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods: | selective quarrying |
Collection size: | 0 specimens |
Reason for describing collection: | general faunal/floral analysis |
Metadata
Also known as: | Duinefontein | ||
Database number: | 100313 | ||
Authorizer: | M. Uhen | Enterer: | M. Uhen |
Modifier: | M. Uhen | Research group: | vertebrate |
Created: | 2010-12-08 02:30:41 | Last modified: | 2017-05-23 16:34:15 |
Access level: | the public | Released: | 2010-12-08 02:30:41 |
Creative Commons license: | CC BY |
Reference information
Primary reference:
25188. | G. G. Simpson. 1979. Tertiary penguins from the Duinefontein site, Cape Province, South Africa. Annals of the South African Museum 79(1):1-7 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen] |
Secondary references:
37211 | G. A. Avery and R. G. Klein. 2011. Review of fossil phocid and otariid seals from the southern and western coasts of South Africa. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 66(1):14-24 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen] | |
62247 | R. Govender. 2019. Fossil cetaceans from Duinefontein (Koeberg) an early Pliocene site on the southwestern Cape, South Africa. Palaeontologia Electronica 22(1.6A):1-21 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Uhen] | |
43662 | D. T. Ksepka and D. B. Thomas. 2012. Multiple Cenozoic invasions of Africa by penguins (Aves, Sphenisciformes). Proceedings of the Royal Society B 279:1027-1032 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/J. Alroy] | |
57380 | M. A. Mannino, S. Talamo, A. Tagliacozzo, I. Fiore, O. Nehlich, M. Piperno, S. Tusa, C. Collina, R. Di Salvo, V. Schimmenti, and M. P. Richards. 2015. Climate-driven environmental changes around 8,200 years ago favoured increases in cetacean strandings and Mediterranean hunter-gatherers exploited them. Scientific Reports 5:16288 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen] | |
34469 | S. L. Olson. 1983. Fossil seabirds and changing marine environments in the late Tertiary of South Africa. South African Journal of Science 79:399-402 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen] | |
34440 | S. L. Olson. 1985. An early Pliocene marine avifauna from Duinefontein, Cape Province, South Africa. Annals of the South African Museum 95(4):147-164 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen] |