Hamilton Cave: Pleistocene, West Virginia
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
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unclassified
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Parascalopis breweri
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Chiroptera
- Vespertilionidae
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Myotis sp.
Kaup 1829
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Pipistrellus subflavus
(Cuvier 1832)
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Lasiurus borealis
(Muller 1776)
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Eptesicus fuscus
(Beauvois 1796)
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Plecotus sp.
Geoffroy 1818
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Mammalia
- Chiroptera
- Molossidae
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Tadarida cf. brasiliensis
(Geoffroy 1824)
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Felidae
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Smilodon fatalis
(Leidy 1868)
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Grady 2000 | |||||||||
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Smilodon gracilis
Cope 1880
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Grady 2000 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Tayassuidae
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Platygonus compressus
Leconte 1848
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Soricidae
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Blarina cf. brevicauda
(Say 1823)
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
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Sorex sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
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Sorex cf. cinereus
Kerr 1792
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Talpidae
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Condylura crystata
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Lagomorpha
- Leporidae
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cf. Sylvilagus sp.
Gray 1867
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Lagomorpha
- Ochotonidae
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Ochotona sp.
Link 1795
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Geomyidae
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Thomomys cf. potomacensis
(Gidley and Gazin 1933)
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Castoridae
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Castor canadensis
Kuhl 1820
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Grady and Garton 2005 | |||||||||
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Castor canadensis
Kuhl 1820
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
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Dipoides sp.
Jaeger 1835
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Grady and Garton 2005 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Sciuridae
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Tamias striatus
(Linnaeus 1758)
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
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Spermophilus sp.
Cuvier 1825
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
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Marmota monax
(Linnaeus 1758)
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
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Glaucomys sp.
Thomas 1908
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
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Tamiasciurus hudsonicus
(Erxleben 1777)
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Zapodidae
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Napaeozapus sp.
Miller 1900
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
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Zapus sp.
Coues 1876
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Cricetidae
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Neotoma magister
Baird 1858
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
| synonym of Neotoma floridana | ||||||||||
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Neotoma spelaea
(Gidley and Gazin 1933)
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
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Peromyscus sp.
Gloger 1841
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
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Peromyscus cumberlandensis
Guilday and Handley 1967
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
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Ondatra annectens
(Brown 1908)
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Martin et al. 2009 | |||||||||
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Ondatra annectens
(Brown 1908)
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
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Mimomys virginianus
Repenning and Grady 1988
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
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Phenacomys brachyodus
Repenning and Grady 1988
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
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Allophaiomys pliocaenicus
Kormos 1932
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
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Clethrionomys sp.
Tilesius 1850
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
| synonym of Myodes | ||||||||||
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Clethrionomys gapperi
(Vigors 1830)
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
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Microtus pennsylvanicus
(Ord 1815)
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
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Microtus paroperarius
Hibbard 1944
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
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Pitymys hibbardi
Holman 1959
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
| recombined as Microtus hibbardi | ||||||||||
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Microtus xanthognathus
(Leach 1815)
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
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Lasiopodomys deceitensis
(Guthrie and Matthews 1971)
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
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Atopomys salvelinus
Zakrzewski 1975
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
| synonym of Atopomys texensis | ||||||||||
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Synaptomys sp.
Baird 1858
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
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Synaptomys cooperi
Baird 1858
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Grady and Garton 2000 | |||||||||
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Reptilia
- Scincidae
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Eumeces laticeps
Schneider 1801
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Holman and Grady 1989 | |||||||||
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Eumeces fasciatus
Linnaeus 1758
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Holman and Grady 1989 | |||||||||
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Reptilia
- Iguanidae
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Sceloporus undulatus
(Bosc 1802)
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Holman and Grady 1989 | |||||||||
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Reptilia
- Crotalidae
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Crotalus horridus
Linnaeus 1758
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Holman and Grady 1989 | |||||||||
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Reptilia
- Colubridae
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Coluber constrictor
Linnaeus 1758
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Holman and Grady 1989 | |||||||||
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Lampropeltis triangulum
Lacépède 1788
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Holman and Grady 1989 | |||||||||
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Elaphe sp.
Wagler 1833
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Holman and Grady 1989 | |||||||||
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Carphophis amoenus
Say
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Holman and Grady 1989 | |||||||||
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Storeria sp.
Baird and Girard 1853
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Holman and Grady 1989 | |||||||||
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Nerodia sipedon
(Linnaeus 1758)
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Holman and Grady 1989 | |||||||||
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Thamnophis sp.
Fitzinger 1843
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Holman and Grady 1989 | |||||||||
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Reptilia
- Testudines
- Emydidae
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Emydidae indet.
Rafinesque 1815
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Holman and Grady 1989 | |||||||||
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Amphibia
- Temnospondyli
- Bufonidae
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Bufo woodhousii
(Girard 1854)
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Holman and Grady 1989 | |||||||||
| misspelling Bufo woodhousei | ||||||||||
| Subspecies fowleri | ||||||||||
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Bufo americanus
Holbrook 1836
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Holman and Grady 1989 | |||||||||
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Amphibia
- Temnospondyli
- Ranidae
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Rana catesbeina
|
Holman and Grady 1989 | |||||||||
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Rana clamitans
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Holman and Grady 1989 | |||||||||
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Rana sylvatica
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Holman and Grady 1989 | |||||||||
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Rana pipiens
Schreber 1782
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Holman and Grady 1989 | |||||||||
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Amphibia
- Temnospondyli
- Hylidae
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Hyla chrysoscelis
|
Holman and Grady 1989 | |||||||||
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Hyla crucifer
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Holman and Grady 1989 | |||||||||
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Amphibia
- Temnospondyli
- Urodela
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Cryptobranchus sp.
Leuckart 1821
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Holman and Grady 1989 | |||||||||
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Gyrinophilus sp.
Cope 1869
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Holman and Grady 1989 | |||||||||
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Gyrinophilus porphyriticus
(Green 1827)
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Holman and Grady 1989 | |||||||||
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Desmognathus monticola
Dunn 1916
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Holman and Grady 1989 | |||||||||
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Desmognathus ochrophaeus
Cope 1859
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Holman and Grady 1989 | |||||||||
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Desmognathus fuscus
Rafinesque 1820
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Holman and Grady 1989 | |||||||||
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Notophthalmus viridescens
(Rafinesque 1820)
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Holman and Grady 1989 | |||||||||
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Ambystoma jeffersonianum
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Holman and Grady 1989 | |||||||||
| original and current combination Amblystoma | ||||||||||
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Ambystoma opacum
Gravenhorst 1807
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Holman and Grady 1989 | |||||||||
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Ambystoma tigrinum
(Green 1825)
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Holman and Grady 1989 | |||||||||
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Ambystoma maculatum
(Shaw 1802)
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Holman and Grady 1989 | |||||||||
| misspelling Amblystoma maculatum | ||||||||||
| see common names | ||||||||||
Geography
| Country: | United States | State/province: | West Virginia | County: | Pendleton |
| Coordinates: | 38.6° North, 79.4° West (view map) | ||||
| Paleocoordinates: | 38.6° North, 79.2° West | ||||
| Basis of coordinate: | estimated from map |
Time
| Period: | Quaternary | Epoch: | Pleistocene |
| 10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 6 | ||
| Key time interval: | Pleistocene | ||
| Age range of interval: | 2.58000 - 0.01170 m.y. ago |
Stratigraphy
Lithology and environment
| Primary lithology: | claystone |
| Includes fossils? | Y |
| Lithology description: "Many fossils of terrestrial vertebrates have been excavated from the cave’s clay floor. The fossils are found in the top 75 cm of this clay." | |
| Environment: | cave |
Taphonomy
| Modes of preservation: | body |
| Size of fossils: | macrofossils |
Collection methods and comments
| Reason for describing collection: | general faunal/floral analysis |
Metadata
| Database number: | 123875 | ||
| Authorizer: | M. Uhen | Enterer: | M. Shalap, M. Uhen |
| Modifier: | J. Marcot | Research group: | vertebrate |
| Created: | 2012-02-01 10:21:32 | Last modified: | 2014-08-06 11:36:55 |
| Access level: | the public | Released: | 2012-02-01 10:21:32 |
| Creative Commons license: | CC BY |
Reference information
Primary reference:
| 39873. | F. Grady. 1991. Fossil Chiroptera From Two West Virginia Caves. The National Speleological Society Bulletin 53(2):122 [M. Uhen/M. Shalap/M. Shalap] |
Secondary references:
| 40558 | F. Grady. 2000. The sabertooth cat Smilodon from West Virginia caves. Annual Convention Program - National Speleological Society 2000:201 [M. Uhen/M. Shalap/M. Shalap] | |
| 40654 | F. Grady and E. R. Garton. 2000. Paleontology and historic field trip of the John Guilday Cave Preserve (Trout Rock). Bulletin - West Virginia Speleological Survey 14:241-244 [M. Uhen/M. Shalap/M. Shalap] | |
| 40412 | F. Grady and E. R. Garton. 2005. Pleistocene Beaver Tooth is New Record for West Virginia. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies 67(3):194-195 [M. Uhen/M. Shalap/M. Shalap] | |
| 41083 | J. A. Holman and F. Grady. 1989. The fossil herpetofauna (Pleistocene; Irvingtonian) of Hamilton Cave, Pendleton County, West Virginia. The NSS Bulletin 51(1):34-41 [M. Uhen/M. Shalap] | |
| 39896 | R. A. Martin, F. Marcolini, and F. Grady. 2009. The Early Pleistocene Hamilton Cave muskrats and a review of muskrat size change through the Late Neogene. Paludicola 7(2):61-66 [M. Uhen/M. Shalap/M. Shalap] |