Black Head, Kilcunda: Aptian, Australia
collected by L. Kool 1989–2002
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
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Reptilia
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Reptilia indet.
Laurenti 1768
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| vertebra | ||||||||||
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Testudinata indet.
(Oppel 1811)
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Dinosauria indet.
(Owen 1842)
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| limb bone | ||||||||||
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? Theropoda indet.
(Marsh 1881)
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Kool 2002 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
| phalanx | ||||||||||
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Reptilia
- Ornithomimidae
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Ornithomimidae indet.
Marsh 1890
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Rich and Vickers-Rich 2020 | |||||||||
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Reptilia
- Avetheropoda
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Avetheropoda indet.
Paul 1988
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Benson et al. 2012 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
| NMV P186057 (ilium) | ||||||||||
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Reptilia
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Ornithopoda indet.
(Marsh 1881)
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Rich and Vickers-Rich 2020 | |||||||||
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Reptilia
- Plesiosauria
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Plesiosauria indet.
(de Blainville 1835)
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Benson et al. 2013 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
| one metacarpal/tarsal (NMV P212824); "smaller taxon" | ||||||||||
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unclassified
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Osteichthyes indet.
Huxley 1880
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= Actinopterygii indet.
Cope 1887
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Rich and Vickers-Rich 2020 | |||||||||
| see common names | ||||||||||
Geography
| Country: | Australia | State/province: | Victoria |
| Coordinates: | 38.6° South, 145.5° East (view map) | ||
| Paleocoordinates: | 77.7° South, 113.8° East | ||
| Basis of coordinate: | stated in text | ||
| Geographic resolution: | local area |
Time
| Period: | Cretaceous | Epoch: | Early/Lower Cretaceous |
| Stage: | Aptian | 10 m.y. bin: | Cretaceous 3 |
| Key time interval: | Aptian | ||
| Age range of interval: | 121.40000 - 113.00000 m.y. ago |
Stratigraphy
| Geological group: | Otway | Formation: | Eumeralla | ||
| Stratigraphic resolution: | group of beds | ||||
| Stratigraphy comments: "The Eumeralla Formation includes the informal ‘Wonthaggi’ formation of the Gippsland Basin mentioned in some references; these units are lithologically continuous and represent a single depositional (Otway-Gippsland) basin" (Benson et al. 2013) | |||||
Lithology and environment
| Primary lithology: | conglomeratic sandstone | ||
| Includes fossils? | Y | ||
| Lithology description: "The Eumeralla deposits accumulated in a braided fluvial system and is dominated by multi-storey sandstone packages reaching in excess of 100 m thick. Where complete fluvial cycles are present, they consist of a series of channel-fill sands that fine upwards and grade into mudstone-dominated floodbasin units, commonly containing thin sandstone beds and coal seams. The bases of these cycles are marked by scoured surfaces and contain mudstone rip-up clasts, plant remains including large logs, and isolated bones of freshwater and terrestrial tetrapods and invertebrates" (Benson et al. 2013) | |||
| Environment: | channel lag | Tectonic setting: | rift |
Taphonomy
| Modes of preservation: | body |
| Size of fossils: | macrofossils |
Collection methods and comments
| Collection methods: | surface (in situ),mechanical,field collection | ||
| Reason for describing collection: | taxonomic analysis | ||
| Collectors: | L. Kool | Collection dates: | 1989–2002 |
| Collection method comments: NMV, Museum Victoria, Melbourne, Australia | |||
Metadata
| Also known as: | Blackhead site | ||
| Database number: | 127568 | ||
| Authorizer: | R. Benson, M. Carrano | Enterer: | R. Benson, M. Carrano |
| Modifier: | M. Carrano | Research group: | vertebrate |
| Created: | 2012-05-17 19:06:46 | Last modified: | 2023-01-20 16:17:53 |
| Access level: | the public | Released: | 2012-05-17 19:06:46 |
| Creative Commons license: | CC BY | ||
Reference information
Primary reference:
| 63253. | L. Kool, N. A. Van Klaveren, D. Seegets Villiers, T. H. RIch, and P. Vickers-Rich. 1998. Dinosaur Dreaming 1998 annual report. Dinosaur Dreaming: Flat Rocks Site Report, 1998 1-21 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |
Secondary references:
| 46098 | R. B. J. Benson, E. M. G. Fitzgerald, T. H. Rich and P. Vickers Rich. 2013. Large freshwater plesiosaurian from the Cretaceous (Aptian) of Australia. Alcheringa [R. Benson/R. Benson/O. Alfaro] | |
| 41603 | R. B. J. Benson, T. H. Rich, P. Vickers Rich and M. Hall. 2012. Theropod fauna from southern Australia indicates high polar diversity and climate-driven dinosaur provinciality. PLoS ONE 7(5):e37122 [R. Benson/R. Benson/O. Alfaro] | |
| 63345 | L. Kool. 2002. Field report. Dinosaur Draming: Flat Rocks Field Report 2002 3-8 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] | |
| 63256 | L. Kool, N. A. Van Klaveren, D. Seegets-Villiers and T. H. Rich. 1999. Dinosaur Dreaming 1999 annual report. Dinosaur Dreaming: Flat Rocks Site Report, 1999 1-18 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano] | |
| 63257 | L. Kool, N. A. Van Klaveren, T. H. Rich, D. Seegets-Villiers, K. Bacheller, A. Fraser, and L. Fletcher. 2000. Dinosaur Dreaming 2000 annual report. Dinosaur Dreaming: Flat Rocks Site Report, 2000 1-29 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] | |
| 83736 | T. H. Rich and P. Vickers-Rich. 2020. Dinosaurs of Darkness (second edition) 1-310 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] | |
| 63329 | N. A. Van Klaveren. 2001. Excavation report. Dinosaur Draming: Flat Rocks Site Report 2001 9-12 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |