Laguna del Hunco: quarry LH4: Ypresian, Argentina
collected by P. Wilf, N.R. Cuneo, K.R. Johnson, P. Puerta, M. A. Gandolfo 1999, 2002, 2004

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Equisetopsida - Araucariaceae
"Zamia" tertiaria leaf
3 specimens
Engelhardt
    = Agathis zamunerae Wilf et al. 2014
Wilf et al. 2014
unclassified
Liliopsida informal cf. Arecaceae TY165 seed/fruit
1 specimen
Pteridopsida
Filicopsida informal TY162 leaf
2 specimens
synonym of Pteridopsida
Filicopsida informal TY168 leaf
2 specimens
synonym of Pteridopsida
Polypodiopsida - Osmundaceae
Filicopsida informal TY001 leaf
1 specimen
    = Todea amissa Carvalho et al. 2013
Carvalho et al. 2013
Cycadopsida - Cycadales - Zamiaceae
Cycad (aff. Dioon) informal TY016 leaf
1 specimen
    = Austrozamia stockeyi
Wilf et al. 2016
Angiospermae - Malvales
Malvales informal cf. Sterculiaceae TY023 leaf
50 specimens
Angiospermae - Brassicales - Akaniaceae
Akania patagonica leaf Gandolfo et al. 1988
3 specimens
Gandolfo, Dibbern and Romero
Angiospermae - Malpighiales - Euphorbiaceae
Macaranga kirkjohnsonii n. sp. Wilf et al. 2023
Wilf et al. 2023 7 specimens
MPEF‐Pb 7993a,b (Holotype), MPEF‐Pb 195, 7992, and 7994–7997
Angiospermae - Oxalidales - Cunoniaceae
cf. Cunoniaceae informal TY129 seed/fruit
1 specimen
“five-winged helicopter”
    = Ceratopetalum edgardoromeroi Gandolfo and Hermsen 2017
Gandolfo and Hermsen 2017
Angiospermae - Fagales - Fagaceae
Magnoliopsida informal "Tetracera" patagonica leaf
312 specimens
Berry
    = Castaneophyllum patagonicum Wilf et al. 2019
Wilf et al. 2019
Angiospermae - Myrtales - Myrtaceae
Myrtaceae informal "Myrcia" deltoidea leaf
1 specimen
Engelhardt
Myrtaceae informal TY157 leaf
2 specimens
"Myrcia" chubutensis leaf
15 specimens
Berry
    = Eucalyptus frenguelliana leaf
Hermsen et al. 2012
Gandolfo and Zamaloa
Angiospermae - Solanales - Solanaceae
Physalis infinemundi Wilf et al. 2017
Wilf et al. 2017
Angiospermae - Ranunculales - Menispermaceae
Menispermaceae informal TY118 leaf
5 specimens
Angiospermae - Proteales - Proteaceae
Lomatia occidentalis leaf Frenguelli 1943
28 specimens
(Berry) Frenguelli
Angiospermae - Laurales - Lauraceae
Lauraceae informal TY084 leaf
34 specimens
Coniferales - Podocarpaceae
Podocarpaceae informal TY008 leaf
3 specimens
    = Retrophyllum spiralifolium Wilf et al. 2017
Wilf et al. 2017
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida informal "Schmidelia" proedulis leaf
108 specimens
Berry
Magnoliopsida informal "Celtis" ameghenoi Berry leaf
351 specimens
Berry
Magnoliopsida informal TY022 leaf
3 specimens
Magnoliopsida informal "Rhamnidium" leaf
99 specimens
Magnoliopsida informal TY030 leaf
3 specimens
Magnoliopsida informal TY032 leaf
2 specimens
Magnoliopsida informal cf. Calophyllum TY034 leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY038 leaf
2 specimens
Magnoliopsida informal TY039 leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY045 leaf
3 specimens
Magnoliopsida informal cf. Macaranga or Mallotus leaf
4 specimens
Magnoliopsida informal TY050 leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY054 leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY056 leaf
23 specimens
Magnoliopsida informal TY059 leaf
3 specimens
Magnoliopsida informal "Myrica" mira leaf
2 specimens
Berry
Magnoliopsida informal TY078 leaf
6 specimens
Magnoliopsida informal TY100 seed/fruit
4 specimens
Magnoliopsida informal TY106 leaf
5 specimens
Magnoliopsida informal "Coprosma" incerta leaf
97 specimens
Berry
Magnoliopsida informal TY111 leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal "Cupania" latifolioides leaf
3 specimens
Berry
Magnoliopsida informal "Cassia" argentinensis leaf
29 specimens
Berry
Magnoliopsida informal TY122 leaf
6 specimens
Magnoliopsida informal TY123 leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY125 leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY126 leaf
7 specimens
Magnoliopsida informal TY132 leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY133 leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY134 leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY136 leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY155 leaf
2 specimens
Magnoliopsida informal TY158 leaf
2 specimens
Magnoliopsida informal TY159 leaf
2 specimens
Magnoliopsida informal TY160 leaf
2 specimens
Magnoliopsida informal TY161 leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY163 leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY164 leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY166 leaf
2 specimens
Magnoliopsida informal TY167 leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY169 fertile axis
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY170 leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY199 leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal cf. Banara prehernandiensis leaf
13 specimens
as figured in Berry 1925
Magnoliopsida informal cf. Cochlospermum previtifolium leaf
1 specimen
Berry
see common names

Geography
Country:Argentina State/province:Chubut
Coordinates: 42.5° South, 70.0° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:45.0° South, 60.0° West
Basis of coordinate:stated in text
Geographic resolution:outcrop
Time
Period:Paleogene Epoch:Eocene
Stage:Ypresian 10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 2
Key time interval:Ypresian
Age range of interval:56.00000 - 47.80000 m.y. ago
Age estimate:52.22 ± 0.22 Ma (Ar/Ar)
Stratigraphy
Formation:Huitrera
Stratigraphic resolution:bed
Stratigraphy comments: See P. Wilf et al. 2003, Science suppl., for detailed lithostratigraphy, paleomagnetic stratigraphy, and first Ar-Ar ages. See P. Wilf et al. 2012 (American Journal of Botany) for the revised Ar-Ar age given above.
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology:fine,tuffaceous,gray lithified silty,sandy "siliciclastic"
Includes fossils?Y
Lithology description: See Wilf et al. 2003, Science suppl., for complete lithologic summary.
Environment:crater lake Tectonic setting:volcanic basin
Geology comments: Large caldera-lake, embedded in the Eocene middle Chubut River volcanic pyroclastic complex. See E. Aragon and M.M. Mazzon, Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent. 52(3):243-256 (1997).
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:adpression,original silica,original carbon,replaced with silica
Size of fossils:macrofossils,mesofossils,microfossils
Spatial orientation:random
Preservation of anatomical detail:very poor
Abundance in sediment:abundant
Size sorting:medium
Fragmentation:frequent
Bioerosion:none
Feeding/predation traces:punctures,external foliage feeding,arthropod mining,arthropod galling,arthropod boring,piercing/sucking,oviposition
Temporal resolution:time-averaged
Spatial resolution:allochthonous
Collection methods and comments
Collection excludes:all microfossils,some macrofossils
Collection methods:bulk,selective quarrying,mechanical,field collection
Reason for describing collection:paleoecologic analysis
Museum repositories:MEF
Collectors:P. Wilf, N.R. Cuneo, K.R. Johnson, P. Puerta, M. A. Gandolfo Collection dates:1999, 2002, 2004
Metadata
Also known as:LH4
Database number:133045
Authorizer:P. Wilf, E. Vlachos Enterer:M. Donovan, E. Stiles, F. Aspromonte
Modifier:E. Stiles Research group:paleobotany
Created:2012-09-01 01:47:47 Last modified:2018-11-02 09:16:38
Access level:the public Released:2012-09-01 01:47:47
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:

42725. P. Wilf, K. R. Johnson, N. R. Cúneo, M. E. Smith, B. S. Singer and M. A. Gandolfo. 2005. Eocene Plant Diversity at Laguna del Hunco and Río Pichileufú, Patagonia, Argentina. The American Naturalist 165(6):634-650 [P. Wilf/M. Donovan]

Secondary references:

55786 M. R. Carvalho, P. Wilf, E. J. Hermsen, M. A. Gandolfo, N. R. Cúneo and K. R. Johnson. 2013. First record of Todea (Osmundaceae) in South America, from the early Eocene paleorainforests of Laguna del Hunco (Patagonia, Argentina). American Journal of Botany 100:1831-1848 [C. Jaramillo/C. Jaramillo]
66203 M. A. Gandolfo and E. Hermsen. 2017. Ceratopetalum (Cunoniaceae) fruits of Australasian affinity from the early Eocene Laguna del Hunco flora, Patagonia, Argentina. Annals of Botany 119:507-516 [P. Wilf/E. Stiles]
43002 E. J. Hermsen, M. A. Gandolfo, and M. C. Zamaloa. 2012. The fossil record of Eucalyptus in Patagonia. American Journal of Botany 99:1356-1374 [P. Wilf/M. Donovan]
66159fossil record N. A. Jud, A. Iglesias, P. Wilf and M. A. Gandolfo. 2018. Fossil moonseeds from the Paleogene of West Gondwana (Patagonia, Argentina). American Journal of Botany 105(5):927-942 [P. Wilf/E. Stiles/M. Uhen]
66217 P. Wilf, M. R. Carvahlo, M. A. Gandolfo and N. R. Cuneo. 2017. Eocene lantern fruits from Gondwanan Patagonia and the early origins of Solanaceae. Science 377(71) [P. Wilf/E. Stiles/E. Stiles]
66216 P. Wilf, M. P. Donovan, N. R. Cuneo and M. A. Gandolfo. 2017. The fossil flip-leaves (Retrophyllum, Podocarpaceae) of southern South America. American Journal of Botany 104(9):1-26 [P. Wilf/E. Stiles]
55856 P. Wilf, I. H. Escapa, N. R. Cúneo, R. M. Kooyman, K. R. Johnson and A. Iglesias. 2014. First South American Agathis (Araucariaceae), Eocene of Patagonia. American Journal of Botany 101(1):156-179 [C. Jaramillo/C. Jaramillo]
87948 P. Wilf, A. Iglesias, and M. A. Gandolfo. 2023. The first Gondwanan Euphorbiaceae fossils reset the biogeographic history of the Macaranga‐Mallotus clade. American Journal of Botany 110(5):1-20 [E. Vlachos/F. Aspromonte]
69525 P. Wilf, K. C. Nixon, M. A. Gandolfo and N. R. Cúneo. 2019. Eocene Fagaceae from Patagonia and Gondwanan legacy in Asian rainforests. Science 364(6444):eaaw5139 [P. Wilf/E. Stiles]
66451 P. Wilf, D. W. Stevenson, and N. R. Cuneo. 2016. The last Patagonian cycad, Austrozamia stockeyi gen. et sp. nov., early Eocene of Laguna del Hunco, Chubut, Argentina. Botany 94(999):817-829 [P. Wilf/E. Stiles/E. Stiles]