Laguna del Hunco: quarry LH6: Ypresian, Argentina
collected by P. Wilf, N.R. Cuneo, K.R. Johnson, P. Puerta, M. A. Gandolfo 1999, 2002, 2004

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Equisetopsida - Araucariaceae
Araucariaceae informal TY012 fertile axis
1 specimen
(pollen cone)
Araucaria pichileufensis leaf
3 specimens
Berry
Araucaria informal TY0013 seed/fruit
5 specimens
(seed and cone scale)
"Zamia" tertiaria leaf
47 specimens
Engelhardt
    = Agathis zamunerae Wilf et al. 2014
Wilf et al. 2014
Araucaria informal TY014 seed/fruit
1 specimen
"wide" cone scale
    = Agathis zamunerae Wilf et al. 2014
Wilf et al. 2014
unclassified
Liliopsida informal Monocotyledonae TY098 seed/fruit
1 specimen
Unknown dicot sp. Arecaceae sp.
Liliopsida informal Monocotyledonae TY130 leaf
4 specimens
Pteridopsida
Filicopsida informal TY002 leaf
1 specimen
synonym of Pteridopsida
Polypodiopsida - Dicksoniaceae
Filicopsida informal TY154 leaf
1 specimen
    = Dicksonia patagonica
Carvalho et al. 2013
Berry
Polypodiopsida - Osmundaceae
Filicopsida informal TY001 leaf
1 specimen
    = Todea amissa Carvalho et al. 2013
Carvalho et al. 2013
unclassified
Ginkgo patagonica leaf Berry 1935
19 specimens
Berry 1935
    = Ginkgoites patagonicus Villar de Seoane et al. 2015
Villar de Seoane et al. 2015
Angiospermae - Malvales
Malvales informal cf. Sterculiaceae TY023 leaf
19 specimens
Angiospermae - Brassicales - Akaniaceae
Akania patagonica leaf Gandolfo et al. 1988
2 specimens
Gandolfo, Dibbern and Romero
Angiospermae - Malpighiales - Euphorbiaceae
Macaranga kirkjohnsonii Wilf et al. 2023
Wilf et al. 2023 1 specimen
MPEF‐Pb 7998
Angiospermae - Oxalidales - Cunoniaceae
Magnoliopsida informal TY145 seed/fruit
1 specimen
    = Ceratopetalum edgardoromeroi Gandolfo and Hermsen 2017
Gandolfo and Hermsen 2017
Angiospermae - Fagales - Fagaceae
Magnoliopsida informal "Tetracera" patagonica leaf
11 specimens
Berry
    = Castaneophyllum patagonicum Wilf et al. 2019
Wilf et al. 2019
Angiospermae - Fagales - Casuarinaceae
Gymnostoma informal TY051 seed/fruit
8 specimens
    = Gymnostoma spp. seed/fruit
Zamaloa et al. 2006
Gymnostoma informal TY052 leaf
14 specimens
    = Gymnostoma sp. leaf Johnson 1980
Zamaloa et al. 2006
Angiospermae - Fagales - Juglandaceae
Magnoliopsida informal TY088 fertile axis
3 specimens
    = Alatonucula ignis Hermsen and Gandolfo 2016
Hermsen and Gandolfo 2016
Magnoliopsida informal TY099 seed/fruit
1 specimen
    = Alatonucula ignis Hermsen and Gandolfo 2016
Hermsen and Gandolfo 2016
fertile
Angiospermae - Myrtales - Myrtaceae
Myrtaceae informal "Myrcia" deltoidea leaf
9 specimens
Engelhardt
Myrtaceae informal TY157 leaf
1 specimen
"Myrcia" chubutensis leaf
185 specimens
Berry
    = Eucalyptus frenguelliana leaf
Hermsen et al. 2012
Gandolfo and Zamaloa
Myrtaceae informal TY086 fertile axis
4 specimens
    = Eucalyptus caldericola fertile axis
Hermsen et al. 2012
Hermsen, Gandolfo & Zamaloa
Angiospermae - Laurales - Lauraceae
Lauraceae informal TY084 leaf
6 specimens
Coniferales
? Coniferales informal TY097 seed/fruit
1 specimen
Coniferales - Cupressaceae
"Libocedrus" prechilensis leaf
3 specimens
Berry
    = Papuacedrus prechilensis leaf
Wilf et al. 2009
(Berry) Wilf et al.
Coniferales - Podocarpaceae
Podocarpaceae informal TY007 leaf
3 specimens
(planated foliage)
    = Acmopyle engelhardti Florin 1940
Wilf 2012
Podocarpus andiniformis leaf
12 specimens
Berry
Podocarpaceae informal TY121 leaf
4 specimens
small planated leaves
    = Dacrycarpus puertae
Wilf 2012
Podocarpaceae informal TY008 leaf
13 specimens
    = Retrophyllum spiralifolium Wilf et al. 2017
Wilf et al. 2017
Podocarpaceae informal TY176 leaf
1 specimen
    = Retrophyllum spiralifolium Wilf et al. 2017
Wilf et al. 2017
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida informal "Schmidelia" proedulis leaf
44 specimens
Berry
Magnoliopsida informal "Celtis" ameghenoi leaf
21 specimens
Berry
Magnoliopsida informal "Rhamnidium" leaf
4 specimens
Magnoliopsida informal TY030 leaf
6 specimens
Magnoliopsida informal cf. "Banara" prehernandiensis leaf
6 specimens
as figured in Berry 1925
Magnoliopsida informal TY039 leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal cf. Macaranga or Mallotus leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY053 leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY054 leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY055 leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY056 leaf
8 specimens
Magnoliopsida informal "Myrica" mira leaf
103 specimens
Berry
Magnoliopsida informal TY067 leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY069 leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY079 leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY085 fertile axis
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY093 seed/fruit
9 specimens
Magnoliopsida informal cf. Cunoniaceae TY094 seed/fruit
3 specimens
“4-winged helicopter”
Magnoliopsida informal TY100 seed/fruit
2 specimens
Magnoliopsida informal "Cupania" grosseserrata leaf
19 specimens
(Engelhardt) Berry
Magnoliopsida informal TY109 leaf
2 specimens
Magnoliopsida informal TY112 leaf
7 specimens
Magnoliopsida informal TY113 leaf
4 specimens
Magnoliopsida informal "Cupania" latifolioides leaf
15 specimens
Berry
Magnoliopsida informal "Cassia" argentinensis leaf
5 specimens
Berry
Magnoliopsida informal cf. Allophylus eduliformis seed/fruit
1 specimen
(Berry) Berry
Magnoliopsida informal TY122 leaf
13 specimens
Magnoliopsida informal TY124 leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY134 leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY140 leaf
2 specimens
Magnoliopsida informal TY141 leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY142 leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY144 leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY146 seed/fruit
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY147 leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY148 leaf
2 specimens
Magnoliopsida informal TY150 leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY151 leaf
2 specimens
Magnoliopsida informal TY152 leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY153 leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY191 leaf
1 specimen
Magnoliopsida informal TY200 leaf
1 specimen
see common names

Geography
Country:Argentina State/province:Chubut
Coordinates: 42.5° South, 70.0° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:45.0° South, 60.0° West
Basis of coordinate:stated in text
Geographic resolution:outcrop
Time
Period:Paleogene Epoch:Eocene
Stage:Ypresian 10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 2
Key time interval:Ypresian
Age range of interval:56.00000 - 47.80000 m.y. ago
Age estimate:52.22 ± 0.22 Ma (Ar/Ar)
Stratigraphy
Formation:Huitrera
Stratigraphic resolution:bed
Stratigraphy comments: See P. Wilf et al. 2003, Science suppl., for detailed lithostratigraphy, paleomagnetic stratigraphy, and first Ar-Ar ages. See P. Wilf et al. 2012 (American Journal of Botany) for the revised Ar-Ar age given above.
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology:fine,tuffaceous,gray lithified silty,sandy "siliciclastic"
Includes fossils?Y
Lithology description: See Wilf et al. 2003, Science suppl., for complete lithologic summary.
Environment:crater lake Tectonic setting:volcanic basin
Geology comments: Large caldera-lake, embedded in the Eocene middle Chubut River volcanic pyroclastic complex. See E. Aragon and M.M. Mazzon, Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent. 52(3):243-256 (1997).
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:adpression,original silica,original carbon,replaced with silica
Size of fossils:macrofossils,mesofossils,microfossils
Spatial orientation:random
Preservation of anatomical detail:very poor
Abundance in sediment:abundant
Size sorting:medium
Fragmentation:frequent
Bioerosion:none
Feeding/predation traces:punctures,external foliage feeding,arthropod mining,arthropod galling,arthropod boring,piercing/sucking,oviposition
Temporal resolution:time-averaged
Spatial resolution:allochthonous
Collection methods and comments
Collection excludes:all microfossils,some macrofossils
Collection methods:bulk,selective quarrying,mechanical,field collection
Reason for describing collection:paleoecologic analysis
Museum repositories:MEF
Collectors:P. Wilf, N.R. Cuneo, K.R. Johnson, P. Puerta, M. A. Gandolfo Collection dates:1999, 2002, 2004
Metadata
Also known as:LH6
Database number:133047
Authorizer:P. Wilf, E. Vlachos Enterer:M. Donovan, E. Stiles, F. Aspromonte
Modifier:E. Stiles Research group:paleobotany
Created:2012-09-01 01:48:34 Last modified:2018-11-02 09:17:03
Access level:the public Released:2012-09-01 01:48:34
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:

42725. P. Wilf, K. R. Johnson, N. R. Cúneo, M. E. Smith, B. S. Singer and M. A. Gandolfo. 2005. Eocene Plant Diversity at Laguna del Hunco and Río Pichileufú, Patagonia, Argentina. The American Naturalist 165(6):634-650 [P. Wilf/M. Donovan]

Secondary references:

55786 M. R. Carvalho, P. Wilf, E. J. Hermsen, M. A. Gandolfo, N. R. Cúneo and K. R. Johnson. 2013. First record of Todea (Osmundaceae) in South America, from the early Eocene paleorainforests of Laguna del Hunco (Patagonia, Argentina). American Journal of Botany 100:1831-1848 [C. Jaramillo/C. Jaramillo]
66203 M. A. Gandolfo and E. Hermsen. 2017. Ceratopetalum (Cunoniaceae) fruits of Australasian affinity from the early Eocene Laguna del Hunco flora, Patagonia, Argentina. Annals of Botany 119:507-516 [P. Wilf/E. Stiles]
43002 E. J. Hermsen, M. A. Gandolfo, and M. C. Zamaloa. 2012. The fossil record of Eucalyptus in Patagonia. American Journal of Botany 99:1356-1374 [P. Wilf/M. Donovan]
66449 E. J. Hermsen and M. A. Gandolfo. 2016. Fruits of Juglandaceae from the Eocene of South America. Systematic Botany 41(2):316-328 [P. Wilf/E. Stiles]
66453 L. Villar de Seoane, N. R. Cuneo, I. E. Escapa, P. Wilf, and M. A. Gandolfo. 2015. Ginkgoites patagonicus (Berry) comb. nov. from the Eocene of Patagonia, last ginkgoalean record in South America. International Journal of Plant Sciences 176(4):346-363 [P. Wilf/E. Stiles/E. Stiles]
43004 P. Wilf. 2012. Rainforest conifers of Eocene Patagonia: attached cones and foliage of the extant southeast-Asian and Australasian genus Dacrycarpus (Podocarpaceae). American Journal of Botany 99:562-584 [P. Wilf/M. Donovan]
66216 P. Wilf, M. P. Donovan, N. R. Cuneo and M. A. Gandolfo. 2017. The fossil flip-leaves (Retrophyllum, Podocarpaceae) of southern South America. American Journal of Botany 104(9):1-26 [P. Wilf/E. Stiles]
55856 P. Wilf, I. H. Escapa, N. R. Cúneo, R. M. Kooyman, K. R. Johnson and A. Iglesias. 2014. First South American Agathis (Araucariaceae), Eocene of Patagonia. American Journal of Botany 101(1):156-179 [C. Jaramillo/C. Jaramillo]
87948 P. Wilf, A. Iglesias, and M. A. Gandolfo. 2023. The first Gondwanan Euphorbiaceae fossils reset the biogeographic history of the Macaranga‐Mallotus clade. American Journal of Botany 110(5):1-20 [E. Vlachos/F. Aspromonte]
43000 P. Wilf, S. A. Little, A. Iglesias, M. C. Zamaloa, M. A. Gandolfo, N. R. Cúneo, and K. R. Johnson. 2009. Papuacedrus (Cupressaceae) in Eocene Patagonia, a new fossil link to Australasian rainforests. American Journal of Botany 96:2031-2047 [P. Wilf/M. Donovan]
69525 P. Wilf, K. C. Nixon, M. A. Gandolfo and N. R. Cúneo. 2019. Eocene Fagaceae from Patagonia and Gondwanan legacy in Asian rainforests. Science 364(6444):eaaw5139 [P. Wilf/E. Stiles]
43003 M. C. Zamaloa, M. A. Gandolfo, C. C. González, E. J. Romero, N. R. Cúneo and P. Wilf. 2006. Casuarinaceae from the Eocene of Patagonia, Argentina. International Journal of Plant Sciences 167:1279-1289 [P. Wilf/M. Donovan]