Cerro La Cruz, Castillo Formation, Unit C: Burdigalian, Venezuela
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
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Reptilia
- Testudines
- Podocnemididae
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Bairdemys indet.
Gaffney and Wood 2002
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| MBLUZ-P-5045 | ||||||||||
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Reptilia
- Testudines
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Trionychoidea indet.
Fitzinger 1826
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| MBLUZ-P-5046 | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Cingulata
- Pampatheriidae
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Scirrotherium sp.
Edmund and Theodor 1997
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Rincón et al. 2014 | |||||||||
| IVIC-P-1827 | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Orophodontidae
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Orophodontidae indet.
Ameghino 1894
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Rincón et al. 2014 | |||||||||
| IVIC-P-1828 | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
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Tardigrada indet.
Latham and Davies 1795
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| replaced by Folivora | ||||||||||
| MBLUZ-P-5043 and MBLUZ-P-5044 | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Panameriungulata
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Litopterna indet.
Ameghino 1889
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Rincón et al. 2014 | |||||||||
| IVIC-P-1829 | ||||||||||
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Actinopteri
- Acanthopteri
- Sphyraenidae
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Sphyraena sp.
Artedi 1793
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| MBLUZ-P-5063 to MBLUZ-P-5065 | ||||||||||
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Actinopteri
- Scombriformes
- Scombridae
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Acanthocybium sp.
Gill 1862
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| MBLUZ-P-5049 | ||||||||||
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Chondrichthyes
- Myliobatiformes
- Myliobatidae
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Rhinoptera sp.
Cuvier 1829
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| MBLUZ-P-5059 to MBLUZ-P-5062 | ||||||||||
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Chondrichthyes
- Carcharhiniformes
- Carcharhinidae
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Carcharhinus falciformis
(Bibron 1841)
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| MBLUZ-P-5047 | ||||||||||
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Chondrichthyes
- Squalidae
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Squalidae indet.
Bonaparte 1834
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| MBLUZ-P-5048 | ||||||||||
| see common names | ||||||||||
Geography
| Country: | Venezuela | State/province: | Lara |
| Coordinates: | 10.4° North, 70.1° West (view map) | ||
| Paleocoordinates: | 9.6° North, 66.7° West | ||
| Basis of coordinate: | stated in text | ||
| Geographic resolution: | local area |
Time
| Period: | Neogene | Epoch: | Miocene |
| Stage: | Burdigalian | 10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 5 |
| Key time interval: | Burdigalian | ||
| Age range of interval: | 20.44000 - 15.98000 m.y. ago | ||
| Age estimate: | 19.27 to 17.21 Ma (Sr isotope) |
Stratigraphy
| Formation: | Castillo | ||||
| Stratigraphic resolution: | group of beds | ||||
| Stratigraphy comments: Unit C (Rincon et al. 2014)
Rincon et al., 2014: Four isotopic dates using Strontium (87 Sr/86 Sr), from the Cerro La Cruz locality were obtained, which bracket of the sediments to between 17.21 to 19.27 Ma, confirming an Early Miocene age for this locality. | |||||
Lithology and environment
| Primary lithology: | not reported |
| Includes fossils? | Y |
| Environment: | fluvial indet. |
| Geology comments: Earlier fossil discoveries from Cerro La Cruz indicated a near-shore marine environment; the latest discoveries indicate in addition fluvial and terrestrial (perhaps coastal) deposits. Elements of the fauna are consistent with the hypothesis that a tributary and/or delta of the Orinoco existed in this area of north-weastern Venezuela during early Miocene times. | |
Taphonomy
| Modes of preservation: | body |
| Size of fossils: | macrofossils |
Collection methods and comments
| Collection excludes: | all macrofossils |
| Collection methods: | field collection |
| Reason for describing collection: | taxonomic analysis |
| Collection method comments: Specimens deposited in the Paleontology Section of the Museo de Biología de la Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo (MBLUZ-P) | |
Metadata
| Database number: | 145379 | ||
| Authorizer: | C. Jaramillo | Enterer: | C. Suarez-Gomez, J. Carrillo |
| Modifier: | M. Kouvari | Research group: | vertebrate |
| Created: | 2013-06-02 11:21:05 | Last modified: | 2020-09-11 09:48:11 |
| Access level: | group members | Released: | 2015-06-02 11:21:05 |
| Creative Commons license: | CC BY |
Reference information
Primary reference:
| 47006. | M. R. Sánchez-Villagra, R. J. Asher, A. D. Rincón, A. A. Carlini, P. Meylan and R. W. Purdy. 2004. New faunal reports for the Cerro La Cruz locality (lower Miocene), north-western Venezuela. Special Papers in Palaeontology 71:105-112 [C. Jaramillo/C. Suarez-Gomez] |
Secondary references:
| 54377 | A. D. Rincón, A. Solórzano, M. Benammi, P. Vignaud, and H. G. McDonald. 2014. Chronology and geology of an Early Miocene mammalian assemblage in North of South America, from Cerro La Cruz (Castillo Formation), Lara State, Venezuela: implications in the "changing course of Orinoco River" hypothesis. Andean Geology 41(3):507-528 [C. Jaramillo/J. Carrillo] |