Pipestone Springs: Chadronian, Montana
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
unclassified
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Leptictis acutidens n. sp.
(Douglass 1902)
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= informal Novacek leptictid acutidens
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Alroy 2002 | |||||||||
Leptictis thomsoni n. sp.
(Matthew 1903)
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= informal Novacek leptictid thomsoni
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Alroy 2002 | |||||||||
Eumys minor
Douglass 1902
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Douglass 1902 | |||||||||
= Pradjidaumo trilophus
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Tabrum et al. 1996 | |||||||||
Mammalia
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Copedelphys titanelix n. sp.
(Matthew 1903)
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see Matthew 1903a | ||||||||||
Herpetotherium valens
(Lambe 1908)
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includes type of "Peratherium donahoei" | ||||||||||
Herpetotherium fugax
(Cope 1873)
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Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Brontotheriidae
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Brontotheriidae indet.
(Marsh 1873)
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Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Equidae
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Miohippus grandis
(Clark and Beerbower 1967)
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Mesohippus montanensis n. sp.
Osborn 1904
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Tabrum et al. 2001 | |||||||||
synonym of Mesohippus westoni | ||||||||||
see Osborn 1904; "M. westoni" | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Hyracodontidae
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Hyracodon sp.
Leidy 1856
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Douglass 1902 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Rhinocerotidae
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Rhinocerotidae indet.
Gray 1821
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Trigonias osborni
Lucas 1900
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Prothero 2005 | |||||||||
Subhyracodon mitis
(Cope 1875)
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Prothero 2005 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Tapiridae
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Colodon cf. kayi
(Hough 1955)
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Mammalia
- Protoceratidae
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Leptotragulus profectus n. sp.
Matthew 1903
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recombined as Trigenicus profectus | ||||||||||
see Matthew 1903a | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Leptomerycidae
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Hendryomeryx sp.
Black 1978
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includes "?Eotylopus new sp." of Tabrum and Fields 1980 | ||||||||||
= Pipestoneia douglassi n. gen., n. sp.
Tabrum and Métais 2007
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Tabrum and Métais 2007 | |||||||||
Leptomeryx sp.
Leidy 1853
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three forms, including "I" and "M"; these are omitted by Tabrum et al. 2001 | ||||||||||
Leptomeryx mammifer
Cope 1885
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confirmed by Heaton and Emry 1996 | ||||||||||
Leptomeryx speciosus
Lambe 1908
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confirmed by Heaton and Emry 1996 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Camelidae
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Poebrotherium sp.
Leidy 1847
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= Poebrotherium wilsoni
Leidy 1847
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Prothero 1996 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Merycoidodontidae
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Merycoidodontidae indet.
Cook 1912
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"Merycoidodon" originally described as "M. forsythae" by Schultz and Falkenbach 1968, which has been transferred to Miniochoerus; however, material has not been re-examined according to Stevens and Stevens 1996 | ||||||||||
Bathygenys alpha n. sp.
Douglass 1902
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(3 measurements) | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Leptochoeridae
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Stibarus montanus n. sp.
Matthew 1903
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see Matthew 1903a | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Palaeogalidae
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Palaeogale infelix n. sp.
(Matthew 1903)
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synonym of Palaeogale sectoria | ||||||||||
"Palaeogale sectoria" replaces ID of Matthew 1903a see Baskin and Tedford 1996; listed as "P. lagophaga" for no stated reason by Tabrum et al. 2001 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Mustelidae
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Mustelavus priscus
Clark 1936
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Amphicyonidae
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Brachyrhynchocyon dodgei
(Scott 1898)
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Brachyrhynchocyon new
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(1 measurement) | ||||||||||
= Brachyrhynchocyon montanus n. sp.
Hunt 1996
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Hunt 1996 | |||||||||
"Brachyrhynchocyon new species": omitted by Tabrum et al. 2001, but Hunt specifically places the specimen at "Pipestone Springs Main Locality" DUPLICATE REF 1975 or 1979 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Canidae
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Hesperocyon paterculus n. sp.
(Matthew 1903)
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synonym of Hesperocyon gregarius | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Proscalopidae
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? Oligoscalops sp.
Reed 1961
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said to be new | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Geolabididae
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Centetodon kuenzii n. sp.
Lillegraven et al. 1981
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Mammalia
- Oligoryctidae
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Oligoryctes altitalonidus
(Clark 1936)
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Oligoryctes cameronensis
Hough 1956
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Mammalia
- Apternodontidae
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Apternodus mediaevus n. sp.
Matthew 1903
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see Matthew 1903a | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Micropternodontidae
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Cryptoryctes kayi n. gen., n. sp.
Reed 1954
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Reed 1954 | |||||||||
Micropternodus borealis n. sp.
Matthew 1903
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see Matthew 1903a | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Soricidae
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Domnina thompsoni n. sp.
Simpson 1941
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Mammalia
- Lagomorpha
- Leporidae
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Megalagus brachyodon n. sp.
(Matthew 1903)
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see Matthew 1903a | ||||||||||
Palaeolagus temnodon n. sp.
Douglass 1902
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Chadrolagus emryi
Gawne 1978
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Aplodontidae
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Prosciurus vetustus n. sp.
(Matthew 1903)
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original and current combination Sciurus (Prosciurus) vetustus | ||||||||||
see Matthew 1903a | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Sciuridae
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Protosciurus jeffersoni n. sp.
(Douglass 1902)
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recombined as Douglassciurus jeffersoni | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Ischyromyidae
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Ischyromys sp.
Leidy 1856
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said to be new | ||||||||||
Ischyromys veterior n. sp.
Matthew 1903
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see Matthew 1903a | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Eomyidae
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Aulolithomys bounites n. sp.
Black 1965
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Montanamus bjorki n. sp.
Ostrander 1983
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Ostrander 1983 | |||||||||
Adjidaumo minimus n. sp.
(Matthew 1903)
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see Matthew 1903a | ||||||||||
Namatomys lloydi n. sp.
Black 1965
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this is the "true" Namatomys" | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Heliscomyidae
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Heliscomys ostranderi
Korth et al. 1991
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see Korth et al. 1991: "H. vetus" of earlier lists (3 measurements) | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Cylindrodontidae
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Pseudocylindrodon neglectus n. sp.
Burke 1935
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(3 measurements) | ||||||||||
Cylindrodon fontis n. gen., n. sp.
Douglass 1902
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(3 measurements) | ||||||||||
Reptilia
- Anguidae
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Helodermoides tuberculatus n. gen., n. sp.
Douglass 1903
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Douglass 1903 | 2 specimens | ||||||||
CM 707 (holotype), partial skull and mandible; AMNH 1611, complete left frontal plus partial right frontal, posterior part of right dentary, three dermal scutes, one sacral vertebra, three anterior caudals | ||||||||||
Helodermoides tuberculatus
Douglass 1903
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Sullivan 1979 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
AMNH Frick collection no. 8729, posterior part of right frontal | ||||||||||
cf. Helodermoides tuberculatus
Douglass 1903
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Sullivan 1979 | 2 specimens | ||||||||
AMNH 2189, two body osteoderms; USNM 13805, basicranium | ||||||||||
Reptilia
- Testudines
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Chelonia indet.
(Latreille 1800)
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Douglass 1902 | |||||||||
synonym of Testudines | ||||||||||
see common names |
Geography
Country: | United States | State/province: | Montana | County: | Jefferson |
Coordinates: | 45.9° North, 112.3° West (view map) | ||||
Paleocoordinates: | 47.7° North, 103.4° West | ||||
Basis of coordinate: | stated in text |
Time
Period: | Paleogene | Epoch: | Eocene |
Stage: | Priabonian | 10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 3 |
*Period: | Tertiary | ||
Key time interval: | Chadronian | ||
Age range of interval: | 37.00000 - 33.90000 m.y. ago | ||
* legacy (obsolete) database fields |
Stratigraphy
Formation: | Renova | Member: | Climbing Arrow |
Local section: | JeffB | Local bed: | 1 |
Local order: | bottom to top |
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: | sandy claystone |
Includes fossils? | Y |
Lithology description: According to Douglass 1902: The strata containing the bones are a sandy clay that swells and cracks on weathering and crackles under feet when dry, and a light-gray fine-grained homogeneous material...many angular, glassy fragments, which are undoubtedly volcanic dust | |
Environment: | terrestrial indet. |
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation: | body |
Size of fossils: | macrofossils |
Disassociated minor elements: | many |
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods: | surface (float) |
Reason for describing collection: | taxonomic analysis |
Taxonomic list comments:does NOT include Fence Patch MV 6103 335 rodent specimens just in the CM collection: Black 1965 following species are from the general area, exact locality unknown: Patriomanis americanus; Hyaenodon crucians -type of "H. minutus"; Hyaenodon microdon type; Hyaenodon montanus - type, actually from Toston contra Mellett 1977; Mesohippus "portentus"; Oreonetes anceps - "?Limnenetes sp." of Matthew 1903, probably not even from Pipestone area; Leptochoerus sp. following species are listed by Tabrum and Fields 1980 but not by Tabrum et al.: Agriochoerus maximus = A. sp.?; Paradjidaumo minor = P. trilophus; Korth 1980 "? Cupressimus sp."; Merycoidodon "lewisi"; Didelphidectes "pumilis" = "pumilus" type is omitted by Tabrum et al. 2001 from the Main Pocket list and presumably has poor provenance "Centetodon magnus" is omitted by Tabrum et al. 2001 "Eutypomys parvus" apparently not present, symbol in table seems to refer to Little Pocket (see) and taxon is omitted by Tabrum et al. 2001 "Zemiodontomys burkei" type is omitted by Tabrum et al. 2001, presumably has poor provenance "Montanamus bjorki" type (see Ostrander 1983b) is omitted by Tabrum et al. 2001, presumably has poor provenance "Pipestoneomys bisulcatus" type is omitted by Tabrum et al. 2001, presumably has poor provenance "Daphoenictis sp." is omitted by Tabrum et al. 2001, presumably has poor provenance "Parictis montanus" type, see Clark andGuensburg 1972; omitted by Tabrum et al. 2001, presumably has poor provenance "Dinictis sp." (agrees with Bryant 1996) is omitted by Tabrum et al. 2001, presumably has poor provenance "Leptochoerus sp." is omitted by Tabrum et al. 2001, presumably has poor provenance "Agriochoerus sp." is omitted by Tabrum et al. 2001, presumably has poor provenance |
Metadata
Also known as: | Pipestone Main; MV 5810, 5811, 5901, 5902 | ||
Database number: | 17010 | ||
Authorizer: | J. Alroy, P. Barrett, J. Marcot, C. Boyd | Enterer: | J. Alroy, C. Boyd, J. Marcot, J. Wertheim, T. Cleary |
Modifier: | J. Alroy | Research group: | vertebrate |
Created: | 1993-02-18 00:00:00 | Last modified: | 2002-09-27 19:58:40 |
Access level: | the public | Released: | 1993-02-18 00:00:00 |
Creative Commons license: | CC BY |
Reference information
Primary reference:
3359. | A. R. Tabrum, D. R. Prothero, and D. Garcia. 1996. Magnetostratigraphy and biostratigraphy of the Eocene-Oligocene transition, southwestern Montana. In D. R. Prothero and R. J. Emry (eds.), The Terrestrial Eocene-Oligocene Transition in North America 278-311 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy] |
Secondary references:
6294 | J. Alroy. 2002. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Kouvari] | |
1381 | 5% 51860 | E. Douglass. 1902. Fossil Mammalia of the White River beds of Montana. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society 20:237-279 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/W. Clyde] |
1382 | E. Douglass. 1903. New vertebrates from the Montana Tertiary. Annals of Carnegie Museum 2(5):145-199 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy] | |
1975 | R. M. Hunt, Jr. 1996. Amphicyonidae. In D. R. Prothero and R. M. Emry (eds.), The Terrestrial Eocene-Oligocene Transition in North America 476-485 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot] | |
67880 | E. Jimenez-Hidalgo, R. Guerrero-Arenas, and K. T. Smith. 2018. Gregorymys veloxikua, the oldest pocket gopher (Rodentia: Geomyidae), and the early diversification of Geomyoidea . Journal of Mammalian Evolution 25:427-439 [C. Boyd/C. Boyd] | |
2714 | 5% 28700 | G. E. Ostrander. 1983. A new genus of eomyid (Mammalia, Rodentia) from the early Oligocene (Chadronian), Pipestone Springs, Montana. Journal of Paleontology 57(1):140-144 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy] |
2805 | 5% 6280 | D. R. Prothero. 1996. Camelidae. In D. R. Prothero and R. J. Emry (eds.), The Terrestrial Eocene-Oligocene Transition in North America 609-651 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot] |
51726 | D. R. Prothero. 2005. The Evolution of North American Rhinoceroses. 1-218 [J. Marcot/J. Marcot] | |
2844 | 5% 43580 | C. A. Reed. 1954. Some fossorial mammals from the Tertiary of western North America. Journal of Paleontology 28(1):102-111 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy] |
60385 | R. M. Sullivan. 1979. Revision of the Paleogene genus Glyptosaurus (Reptilia, Anguidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 163(1):1-72 [P. Barrett/T. Cleary] | |
57250 | A. R. Tabrum and G. Métais. 2007. Pipestoneia douglassi, A New Genus and Species of Selenodont Artiodactyl from the Pipestone Springs Area, Jefferson County, Montana. Bulletin of Carnegie Museum of Natural History 39:83-96 [J. Marcot/J. Marcot/J. Marcot] | |
4220 | A. R. Tabrum, R. Nichols, and A. D. Barnosky. 2001. Tertiary paleontology of southwest Montana and adjacent Idaho. Museum of the Rockies Occasional Paper 3:93-112 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy] |