Sheep Mountain Table (Lower Nodular Zone): Orellan, South Dakota

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Mammalia - Carnivora - Amphicyonidae
Daphoenus sp. Leidy 1853
Hunt 1998
"6 miles S" and "3.5 miles S" of Scenic, Scenic Mbr.
Paradaphoenus minimus (Hough 1948)
Hunt 2001
"Lower Oreodon beds... southwest of Sheep Mountain"
Mammalia - Carnivora - Nimravidae
Dinictis squalidens (Cope 1873)
Sinclair 1924
synonym of Dinictis felina
from Princeton 1015D2a based on coordinate
Mammalia - Carnivora - Palaeogalidae
Palaeogale sectoria (Gervais 1848)
Scenic Mbr. SD; probably "P. lagophaga" of Simpson 1946 from "Basal Orellan, Indian Creek Basin, west of Sheep Mountain, South Dakota" and "Lower Orellan, 6 miles south of Scenic, South Dakota"
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae
Mesohippus bairdi (Leidy 1850)
Forsten 1970
LNZ locality at very head of Indian Creek, 2 mi W of Sheep Mountain Table, just over county line in Shannon Co.
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Hyracodontidae
Hyracodon nebrascensis (Leidy 1850)
Sinclair 1922
recombined as Hyracodon nebraskensis
LNZ, "east part of Indian Creek basin, Pennington Co."; "Hyracodon arcidens" LNZ, Indian Creek, Pennington Co.
Mammalia - Entelodontidae
Archaeotherium wanlessi n. sp. Sinclair 1922
Sinclair 1922
from LNZ at Princeton 1015D2a; referred specimen from LNZ in "valley of Indian Creek"
Archaeotherium mortoni Leidy 1850
Sinclair 1922
LNZ in Indian Creek basin, Pennington Co., exact locality not given; includes Archaeotherium "provisionally" assigned to "A. crassum" by Sinclair 1922a: LNZ "in the valley of Indian Creek"
Mammalia - Merycoidodontidae
Miniochoerus gracilis (Leidy 1851)
Schultz and Falkenbach 1956
"4 mi. S. of Scenic" Pennington Co., Brule Zone A
Miniochoerus affinis (Leidy 1869)
Schultz and Falkenbach 1956
"Sheep Mt. area" Brule Zone A
Merycoidodon culbertsoni (Leidy 1848)
Schultz and Falkenbach 1968
original and current combination Merycoidodon culbertsonii
"Indian Creek Basin" and 2 and 3 mi W of Sheep Mountain; includes their "M. culbertsoni osborni" from "1 1/2 -3" and "2 - 2 1/2" mi W of and "N. of" Sheep Mtn; "Paramerycoidodon georgei" from "W. side"; "2 mi. W"; "2 1/2 mi. W. ... on Indian Creek" of Sheep Mountain; "4 mi. S and E. of Scenic"; "Otionohyus wardi" from "1 1/2-3 mi. W."; "N."; and "W. side" of Sheep Mountain; "Genetochoerus periculorum" from "1 mi. N. of Sheep Mountain" and "'Entelodont Peak,' basin of Indian Creek"; all Brule Zone A
Mammalia - Camelidae
Paratylopus labiatus (Cope 1881)
Prothero 1996
"'lower Oreodon beds,' Sheep Mountain Table"
see common names

Geography
Country:United States State/province:South Dakota County:Pennington and Shannon
Coordinates: 43.6° North, 102.5° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:44.7° North, 94.2° West
Basis of coordinate:based on political unit
Time
Period:Paleogene Epoch:Oligocene
Stage:Rupelian 10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 4
*Period:Tertiary
Key time interval:Orellan
Age range of interval:33.90000 - 31.80000 m.y. ago
* legacy (obsolete) database fields
Stratigraphy
Formation:Brule Member:Scenic
Local section:BgBad Local bed:4
Local order:bottom to top
Stratigraphic resolution:member
Stratigraphy comments: Lower Nodular Zone
Lithology and environment
Environment:terrestrial indet.
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Collection methods and comments
Collection excludes:some genera
Taxonomic list comments:includes Princeton locality 1015D2a "west side of the Reservation road, 5.1 miles south of Scenic... near the divide... in the Bear Creek basin": Sinclair 1921b; this coordinate is at Sheep Mountain Table, and the site is said by Sinclair 1922a to be "near the headwaters" of Indian Creek and "west of Hart Mountain"
level unclear: Nanodelphys hunti "N. minutus" Hough 1961: 5 mi S of Scenic, Pennington County Paradjidaumo trilophus Burt and Wood 1960: lower Scenic, "Scenic, South Dakota" Apletotomeus cf. crassus Reeder 1960: "lower Brule" 3.5 mi S of Scenic, Pennington County Cedromus wardi Korth and Emry 1991: "Prosciurus" from "four miles south of Scenic" in presumed Scenic Mbr. Eumys elegans Burt and Wood 1960: lower Scenic, 2 mi S of Scenic Hesperocyon gregarius Wang and Tedford 1994: "south of Scenic, Pennington County" Daphoenus sp. Hunt 1998b: "11 miles S of Scenic, Shannon Co."; "Sheep Mountain area" Paradaphoenus sp. Hunt 1998b: "Scenic Member, SW of Sheep Mt., near Scenic" Merycoidodon culbertsoni Schultz and Falkenbach 1968: "S. of Scenic" Brule Zone A
Metadata
Database number:17180
Authorizer:J. Alroy Enterer:J. Alroy
Research group:vertebrate
Created:1996-08-05 00:00:00 Last modified:2002-06-03 03:27:42
Access level:the public Released:1996-08-05 00:00:00
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
1034. J. A. Baskin and R. H. Tedford. 1996. Small Arctoid and Feliform Carnivorans. In D. R. Prothero and R. M. Emry (eds.), The Terrestrial Eocene-Oligocene Transition in North America 486-497 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]

Secondary references:

6294 J. Alroy. 2002. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Kouvari]
1498 A. -M. Forsten. 1970. Variation in and between three populations of Mesohippus bairdii Leidy from the Big Badlands, South Dakota. Acta Zoologica Fennica 126:1-16 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]
1977 R. M. Hunt, Jr. 1998. Amphicyonidae. 196-227 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
75295% 54040R. M. Hunt, Jr. 2001. Small Oligocene amphicyonids from North America (Paradaphoenus, Mammalia, Carnivora). American Museum Novitates 3331:1-20 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
28055% 6280D. R. Prothero. 1996. Camelidae. In D. R. Prothero and R. J. Emry (eds.), The Terrestrial Eocene-Oligocene Transition in North America 609-651 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]
3068 C. B. Schultz and C. H. Falkenbach. 1956. Miniochoerinae and Oreonetinae two new subfamilies of oreodonts. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 109(4):373-482 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]
3069 C. B. Schultz and C. H. Falkenbach. 1968. The Phylogeny of the Oreodonts. Part 1: Merycoidodontinae, Eporeodontinae, and Leptaucheniinae, Three Subfamilies Of Oreodonts, With an Appendix to the Revision Of The Merycoidodontidae, and Part 2. Summary and Conclusions Concerning the Merycoidodontidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 139:1-498 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]
3167 W. J. Sinclair. 1922. Entelodonts from the Big Badlands of South Dakota in the geological museum of Princeton University. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 60:467-495 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
3169 W. J. Sinclair. 1922. Hyracodons from the Big Badlands of South Dakota. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 61:65-79 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
3170 W. J. Sinclair. 1924. The Faunas of the Concretionary Zones of the Oreodon Beds, White River Oligocene. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 63(1):94-133 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]