Indian Stronghold (Leptauchenia Beds): Whitneyan, South Dakota
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
|
Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Equidae
|
||||||||||
|
Mesohippus meteulophus n. sp.
Osborn 1904
|
||||||||||
|
= Miohippus obliquidens
Osborn 1904
|
Alroy 2002 | |||||||||
| of Osborn 1904 from the "Leptauchenia Beds" specimen number is very close to that of AMNH Protoceras specimens collected in mid-1890's; also type of "Miohippus brachystylus" from "Leptauchenia Beds, Cheyenne River" - later collection | ||||||||||
|
Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Hyracodontidae
|
||||||||||
|
Hyracodon sp.
Leidy 1856
|
||||||||||
|
Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Rhinocerotidae
|
||||||||||
|
Aceratherium tridactylum
Osborn 1893
|
||||||||||
|
= Diceratherium tridactylum
Osborn 1893
|
Alroy 2002 | |||||||||
|
Mammalia
- Merycoidodontidae
|
||||||||||
|
Hadroleptauchenia primitiva
Schultz and Falkenbach 1968
|
||||||||||
|
= Leptauchenia major
Leidy 1856
|
Schultz and Falkenbach 1968 | |||||||||
| "Corral Draw" and "Cottonwood Creek" in "Brule Zone D"; also their "Pseudocyclopidius frankforteri" type "basal part of Leptauchenia beds below 1st white layer... head of E. Fork of Corral Draw, 3/4-1 1/4 mi. S. of Cottonwood Pass"; and Brule Zone D "1 mi. S. of Cottonwood Pass"; "range running S. of Cottonwood Pass, near E. fork of Corral Draw"; "between heads of Cottonwood Creek and W. fork of Big Corral Draw"; "heads of Cottonwood Creek and Big Corral Draw"; "NE. of Indian Stronghold" | ||||||||||
|
Leptauchenia decora
Leidy 1856
|
Schultz and Falkenbach 1968 | |||||||||
| "Cottonwood Creek"; "3/4-1 1/4 mi. S. of Cottonwood Pass"; "head of E. fork of Big Corral Draw"; "between heads of Big Corral Draw and Cottonwood Creek"; Corral Draw"; all Brule Zone D; "L. sp." | ||||||||||
|
Miniochoerus cheyennensis
Schultz and Falkenbach 1956
|
||||||||||
|
= Miniochoerus starkensis
Schultz and Falkenbach 1956
|
Schultz and Falkenbach 1956 | |||||||||
| Brule Zone D, "between the head of Big Corral Draw and Cottonwood Creek" | ||||||||||
|
Eporeodon major
(Leidy 1853)
|
||||||||||
|
= Merycoidodon major
Leidy 1853
|
Alroy 2002 | |||||||||
| may include "Subdesmatochoerus shannonensis" Schultz and Falkenbach 1954: type, Shannon Co.; 1894 collection from "Cheyenne River"; and Brule Zone D material of Schultz and Falkenbach 1968, including "M. lambi" "South Dakota" from 1892 collection; "head of Big Corral Draw"; "divide between Big Corral Draw and Cottonwood Creek"; "high divide in vicinity of head of E. Fork of Big Corral Draw"; "M. lynchi" "Cheyenne River" 1894 collection and 1892 collection; "high divide in vicinity of head of E. fork"; "near head of W. fork"; and "head of" Big Corral Draw; "S. and E. of Cottonwood Pass"; "Paramerycoidodon major" from "3/4-1 1/4 mi. S. of Cottonwood Pass"; "head of E. fork of Big Corral Draw"; "between Big Corral Draw and Cottonwood Creek"; "P. wanlessi" from "3/4-1 1/4 mi. S." and "SE." of Cottonwood Pass; "E. fork" and "W." Big Corral Draw; "Otionohyus alexi" from "1 1/4 mi. S. of Cottonwood Pass"; "head of E. fork of Big Corral Draw"; "W. Big Corral Draw"; "NE. of Indian Stronghold"; and "Genetochoerus chamberlaini" from "S. and E. of Cottonwood Creek"; "head of Indian Creek"; "1-1 1/4 mi. S. of Cottonwood Pass"; "between heads of Big Corral Draw and Cottonwood Creek" "between the heads of W. Big Corral Draw and Cottonwood Creek"; and "1 1/2 miles south of Cottonwood Creek" | ||||||||||
|
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Nimravidae
|
||||||||||
|
Pogonodon sp.
Cope 1880
|
||||||||||
|
= Nimravidae indet.
Cope 1880
|
Alroy 2002 | |||||||||
|
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Canidae
|
||||||||||
|
Cynodesmus thooides
Scott 1893
|
Wang 1994 | |||||||||
| NE of Indian Stronghold, "just above Protoceras channels"; also SW of Indian Stronghold on Cuny Table, "upper part of lower Leptauchenia nodules below the Protoceras channels" | ||||||||||
|
Mammalia
- Creodonta
- Hyaenodontidae
|
||||||||||
|
? Hyaenodon sp.
Laizer and Parieu 1838
|
||||||||||
| see common names | ||||||||||
Geography
| Country: | United States | State/province: | South Dakota | County: | Shannon |
| Coordinates: | 43.3° North, 102.5° West (view map) | ||||
| Paleocoordinates: | 44.3° North, 95.0° West | ||||
| Basis of coordinate: | based on political unit |
Time
| Period: | Paleogene | Epoch: | Oligocene |
| Stage: | Rupelian | 10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 4 |
| *Period: | Tertiary | ||
| Key time interval: | Whitneyan | ||
| Age range of interval: | 31.80000 - 29.50000 m.y. ago | ||
| * legacy (obsolete) database fields | |||
Stratigraphy
Lithology and environment
| Environment: | terrestrial indet. |
Taphonomy
| Modes of preservation: | body |
Collection methods and comments
| Taxonomic list comments:list of 1892 AMNH collection is used as it appears to be from above the Protoceras locality in Big Corral Draw Wang 1994 reports this as Washington Co., but Patton and Taylor 1973 report that Washington Co. was combined with Shannon Co. in 1943 level unclear: Paraenhydrocyon josephi Wang 1994: SW of Indian Stronghold, Brule Fm., "Whitneyan" Daphoenus sp. Hunt 1998b: "Brule Formation, NE of Indian Stronghold"; "Brule Formation, Big Corral Draw" |
Metadata
| Database number: | 17343 | ||
| Authorizer: | J. Alroy | Enterer: | J. Alroy | Research group: | vertebrate |
| Created: | 1995-10-18 00:00:00 | Last modified: | 2002-06-03 03:27:42 |
| Access level: | the public | Released: | 1995-10-18 00:00:00 |
| Creative Commons license: | CC BY |
Reference information
Primary reference:
| 2711. | H. F. Osborn and J. L. Wortman. 1894. Fossil mammals of the Lower Miocene White River beds. Collection of 1892. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 6(7):199-228 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Carrano] |
Secondary references:
| 6294 | J. Alroy. 2002. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Kouvari] | |
| 3068 | C. B. Schultz and C. H. Falkenbach. 1956. Miniochoerinae and Oreonetinae two new subfamilies of oreodonts. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 109(4):373-482 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot] | |
| 3069 | C. B. Schultz and C. H. Falkenbach. 1968. The Phylogeny of the Oreodonts. Part 1: Merycoidodontinae, Eporeodontinae, and Leptaucheniinae, Three Subfamilies Of Oreodonts, With an Appendix to the Revision Of The Merycoidodontidae, and Part 2. Summary and Conclusions Concerning the Merycoidodontidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 139:1-498 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot] | |
| 6226 | X. Wang. 1994. Phylogenetic systematics of the Hesperocyoninae (Carnivora: Canidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 221:1-207 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy] |