Petralona Cave (Old & New Collection): Pleistocene, Greece

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
unclassified
Buthierax pouliani n. gen., n. sp.
Kretzoi 1977
Archanthropus europaeus
Kretzoi and Poulianos 1981
petraloniensis
Mys (Budamys) sinanthropus
Kretzoi and Poulianos 1981
Pisces
Pisces indet. Linnaeus 1758
Kretzoi 1977
synonym of Osteichthyes
Reptilia - Columbiformes - Columbidae
Columba livia Gmelin 1789
Kretzoi and Poulianos 1981
Columba palumbus Linnaeus 1758
Kretzoi and Poulianos 1981
Columba oenas Linnaeus 1758
Kretzoi 1977
Reptilia - Strigiformes - Strigidae
Glaucidium passerinum (Linnaeus 1758)
Kretzoi and Poulianos 1981
original and current combination Strix passerina
Strix aluco Linnaeus 1758
Kretzoi and Poulianos 1981
Bubo sp. Dumeril 1806
Kretzoi 1977
Reptilia - Anseriformes - Anatidae
Aythya cf. ferina (Linnaeus 1758)
Kretzoi 1977
Anser anser (Linnaeus 1758)
Kretzoi and Poulianos 1981
Reptilia - Passeriformes
Passeriformes indet. Linnaeus 1758
Kretzoi 1977
Reptilia - Passeriformes - Corvidae
Pyrrhocorax graculus (Linnaeus 1766)
Kretzoi 1977
vetus
Corvus corax Linnaeus 1758
Kretzoi and Poulianos 1981
Reptilia - Passeriformes - Prunellidae
Prunella collaris (Scopoli 1769)
Kretzoi 1977
Reptilia - Passeriformes - Turdidae
Turdus sp. Linnaeus 1758
Kretzoi and Poulianos 1981
Reptilia - Passeriformes - Laniidae
Lanius minor Gmelin 1788
Kretzoi and Poulianos 1981
Reptilia - Falconidae
Falco tinnunculus Linnaeus 1758
Kretzoi 1977
Reptilia - Charadriiformes - Scolopacidae
Scolopacidae indet. Rafinesque 1815
Kretzoi 1977
Reptilia - Charadriiformes - Laridae
Larus sp. Linnaeus 1758
Kretzoi 1977
Reptilia - Phasianidae
Alectoris sp. Kaup 1829
Kretzoi 1977
Alectoris graeca (Meisner 1804)
Kretzoi 1977
mediterranea
Reptilia - Varanidae
Varanus intermedius
Kretzoi and Poulianos 1981
Reptilia - Lacertidae
Lacerta sp. Linnaeus 1758
Kretzoi 1977
Lacerta cf. trilineata
Kretzoi 1977
Lacerta aff. viridis (Laurenti 1768)
Kretzoi and Poulianos 1981
Reptilia - Ophidia
Ophidia indet. Latreille 1804
Kretzoi 1977
Reptilia - Testudines - Testudinidae
Testudo graeca Linnaeus 1758
Kretzoi 1977
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
Dicerorhinus hemitoechus (Falconer 1868)
recombined as Stephanorhinus hemitoechus
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae
Equus petraloniensis n. sp.
Equus caballus Linnaeus 1758
pivetaui
Mammalia - Cervidae
Cervus elaphus Linnaeus 1758
Dama dama (Linnaeus 1758)
Praemegaceros sp. Portis 1920
Mammalia - Bovidae
Bison priscus (Bojanus 1827)
Bos primigenius Bojanus 1827
Capra ibex Linnaeus 1758
Mammalia - Suidae
Sus scrofa Linnaeus 1758
scrofa
Mammalia - Carnivora - Felidae
Felis silvestris Schreber 1777
Panthera leo (Linnaeus 1758)
spelaea
Mammalia - Carnivora - Hyaenidae
Crocuta spelaea
intermedia
Crocuta sp. Erxleben 1777
Pliohyaena perrieri
    = Hyaena perrieri Croizet and Jobert 1828
Kretzoi and Poulianos 1981
Mammalia - Carnivora - Canidae
Vulpes marinosi n. sp. Sickenberg 1971
Kretzoi and Poulianos 1981
synonym of Alopex praeglacialis
previously identified as Vulpes vulpes
Xenocyon cf. lycaonoides Kretzoi 1938
Canis lupus Linnaeus 1758
mosbahensis
    = Canis arnensis Del Campana 1913
Koufos 2022
Mammalia - Carnivora - Ursidae
Ursus deningeri Reichenau 1904
Ursus spelaeus Rosenmüller 1794
Mammalia - Carnivora - Mustelidae
Meles meles (Linnaeus 1758)
Kretzoi and Poulianos 1981
atavus
Mammalia - Talpidae
Talpa minuta Blainville 1840
Kretzoi and Poulianos 1981
Mammalia - Soricidae
Pachyura cf. etrusca
Kretzoi and Poulianos 1981
synonym of Suncus
Sorex sp. Linnaeus 1758
Kretzoi 1977
cf. runtonensis
Sorex minutus Linnaeus 1766
Kretzoi and Poulianos 1981
Mammalia - Erinaceidae
Erinaceus sp. Linnaeus 1758
Kretzoi 1977
Mammalia - Rodentia - Hystricidae
Hystrix sp. Linnaeus 1758
Kretzoi and Poulianos 1981
Mammalia - Rodentia - Cricetidae
Arvicola sp. Lacépède 1799
Kretzoi 1977
Microtus praeguentheri n. sp.
Kretzoi 1977
    = Microtus sp. Schrank 1798
Kretzoi and Poulianos 1981
Allocricetus bursae
Kretzoi 1977
simplex n. ssp.
    = Allocricetus sp. Schaub 1930
Kretzoi and Poulianos 1981
Mammalia - Rodentia - Muridae
Apodemus mystacinus Danford and Alston 1877
Kretzoi 1977
crescendus n. ssp.
Spalax chalkidikae n. sp.
Kretzoi 1977
    = Spalax sp. Güldenstadt 1770
Kretzoi and Poulianos 1981
Mammalia - Rodentia - Dipodidae
Parasminthus brevidens n. gen., n. sp.
Kretzoi 1977
Mammalia - Rodentia - Gliridae
Myomimus ? personatus Ognev 1924
Kretzoi and Poulianos 1981
Mammalia - Lagomorpha - Leporidae
Oryctolagus sp. Lilljeborg 1874
Kretzoi 1977
Lepus sp. Linnaeus 1758
Kretzoi 1977
?terraerubrae
Mammalia - Chiroptera - Rhinolophidae
Rhinolophus sp. Lacépède 1799
Horacek and Poulianos 1988
Rhinolophus ferrumequinum (Schreber 1774)
Horacek and Poulianos 1988
topali n. ssp.
Mammalia - Chiroptera - Vespertilionidae
Nyctalus cf. noctula (Schreber 1774)
Kretzoi and Poulianos 1981
Eptesicus sp. Rafinesque 1820
Kretzoi and Poulianos 1981
Myotis sp. Kaup 1829
Horacek and Poulianos 1988
Myotis myotis (Borkhausen 1797)
Kretzoi and Poulianos 1981
Myotis blythi Tomes 1857
Horacek and Poulianos 1988
oxygnathus
    = Myotis oxygnathus Monticelli 1885
Kretzoi and Poulianos 1981
Pipistrellus sp. Kaup 1829
Horacek and Poulianos 1988
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Pelobatidae
Pelobates fuscus Laurenti 1768
Kretzoi 1977
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Bufonidae
Bufo sp. Laurenti 1768
Kretzoi 1977
Gastropoda - Tonnidae
Perdix cf. jurcsaki Kretzoi 1962
Kretzoi 1977
see common names

Geography
Country:Greece State/province:Chalkidiki
Coordinates: 40.4° North, 23.2° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:40.3° North, 23.1° East
Time
Period:Quaternary Epoch:Pleistocene
10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 6
Key time interval:Pleistocene
Age range of interval:2.58000 - 0.01170 m.y. ago
Stratigraphy
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: not reported
Lithology description: The material was found in the surface of the cave, in many cases covered with stalagmitic material.
Environment:cave
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:survey of museum collection,observed (not collected)
Reason for describing collection:taxonomic analysis
Collection method comments: This record refers to the entire fauna of Petralona. It includes the so-called 'Old Collection' from Petralona Cave, which is a collection of fossil material from the surface of the cave. This collection is stored in the Museum of Geology and Paleontology of the Aristotle University of Thessaloni, Greece (LGPUT) and the so-called 'New Collection', which is a collection made by Poulianos and collaborators and is stored in the museum of Petralona. The Tsoukala (1989) is used as the primary reference for the OC.
Metadata
Also known as:Kokkinon Petron Cave
Database number:183123
Authorizer:E. Vlachos, B. Allen Enterer:E. Vlachos, B. Allen
Modifier:E. Vlachos
Created:2016-12-05 07:04:43 Last modified:2016-12-05 07:12:47
Access level:the public Released:2016-12-05 07:04:43
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
61122. E. Tsoukala. 1989. Contribution to the study of the Pleistocene Fauna of Large Mammals (Carnivora, Perissodactyla, Artiodactyla) from Petralona Cave Chalkidiki (N. Greece. [E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos]

Secondary references:

69928 I. Horacek and N. Poulianos. 1988. Further data on bats of the Early Pleistocene site, Petralona, Greece. Anthropos 50-59 [E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos]
85341 G. D. Koufos. 2022. The Fossil Record of Canids (Mammalia: Carnivora: Canidae) in Greece. Fossil Vertebrates of Greece Vol. 2: Laurasiatherians, Artiodactyles, Perissodactyles, Carnivorans, and Island Endemics 577-594 [B. Allen/B. Allen]
61123 M. Kretzoi. 1977. The fauna of small vertebrates of the Middle Pleistocene at Petralona. Anthropos 4:131-143 [E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos]
70344 M. Kretzoi and N. A. Poulianos. 1981. Remarks on the Middle and Lower Pleistocene vertebrate fauna in the Petralona Cave. Anthropos 8:57-72 [E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos]