Tenuta Zuccarello Filling II: Holocene, Italy
collected by Soprintendenza Archeologica per il Veneto - Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Altino 2000

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Reptilia - Colubridae
Hierophis viridiflavus
1 compound bone (MSNVE-23380)
Reptilia - Anguidae
Anguis fragilis Linneaus 1758
1 maxilla (MSNVE-23379/4); 2 dentaries (MSNVE-23379/5–6); 1 cloacal vertebra (MSNVE- 23379/3); 44 caudal vertebrae (MSNVE-23379/1–2)
Reptilia - Lacertidae
Lacerta viridis (Laurenti 1768)
2 caudal vertebrae (MSNVE-23378/1–2)
Amphibia - Temnospondyli
Anura indet. (Fischer von Waldheim 1813)
1 humerus (MSNVE-23377/2); 9 radioulnae (MSNVE-23377/3–4); 1 tibiofibula (MSNVE-23377/1); 34 indeterminate elements (MSNVE-23377/5)
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Discoglossidae
Bombina sp. Oken 1816
3 trunk vertebrae (MSNVE-23374/1); 1 urostyle (MSNVE-23374/2); 4 humeri (MSNVE-23374/5–6); 1 ilium (MSNVE-23374/3); 1 femur (MSNVE-23374/4)
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Bufonidae
Bufo bufo (Linnaeus 1758)
original and current combination Rana bufo
4 trunk vertebrae (MSNVE-23375/3); 2 humeri (MSNVE-23375/4–5); 4 tibiofibulae (MSNVE-23375/1–2)
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Ranidae
Rana dalmatina Bonaparte 1839
8 maxillae (MSNVE-23376/3–4); 1 sphenetmoid (MSNVE-23376/9); 3 angulars (MSNVE-23376/ 6–7); 13 trunk vertebrae (MSNVE-23376/17–18); 3 sacral vertebrae (MSNVE-23376/5); 3 urostyles (MSNVE-23376/14); 4 coracoids (MSNVE-23376/15– 16); 1 scapula (MSNVE-23376/8); 6 humeri (MSNVE- 23376/19–21); 6 ilia (MSNVE-23376/1–2, 22); 12 femurs (MSNVE-23376/12–13); 11 tibiofibulae (MSNVE- 23376/10–11)
see common names

Geography
Country:Italy State/province:Veneto
Coordinates: 45.5° North, 12.3° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:45.5° North, 12.3° East
Basis of coordinate:based on nearby landmark
Geographic resolution:small collection
Time
Period:Quaternary Epoch:Holocene
10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 6
Key time interval:Holocene
Age range of interval:0.01170 - 0.00000 m.y. ago
Age estimate:2000 ± 40 YBP (14C (calibrated))
Stratigraphy
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: silty sandstone
Includes fossils?Y
Lithology description: The well has an average diameter of 80 cm and was filled by clayey-silty and clayey-sandy sediments. Two different filling sequences were recognised, but they are considered approximately coeval. A rather large number of faunal remains were found in the well, representing both invertebrates (molluscs) and vertebrates (amphibians, reptiles, birds, and small mammals).
Environment:lacustrine - small
Geology comments: If compared with the amphibians and reptiles currently living near the Venetian Lagoon (see Sindaco et al. 2006; Bonato et al. 2007; and Sillero et al. 2014), the assemblage of the Tenuta Zuccarello well clearly lacks various taxa, notably anurans of the Bufotes viridis complex and the genus Pelophylax as well as wall lizards of the genus Podarcis. It is not easy to explain the absence of common taxa such as these ones in terms of environmental features of the area in the past, taking also into account the wide range of habitats that they inhabits today. Moreover, it has to be noted that at least some of these taxa has been found in nearby sites of similar age (e.g. green frogs in Lova di Campagna Lupia and Oderzo; Delfino et al. 2008). Their absence from Tenuta Zuccarello is therefore puzzling. Of course, as far as small lacertid lizards like Podarcis are concerned, they might be represented, though unrecognised, among the small lacertid remains identified only at family level. On the other hand, almost all of the taxa found in the Roman well are still represented near the Lagoon. The only exception is Bombina, which currently lives in most of the Veneto region (Bombina variegata; Bonato et al. 2007; Sillero et al. 2014), but not near the Lagoon. The other two fossil occurrences of the genus in Veneto, both Early Pleistocene in age, are located in the Verona province (Delfino et al. 2008; Villa et al. 2018), that is within the current range of B. variegata. Tenuta Zuccarello represents therefore the first occurrence of Bombina outside its current range.
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body,anthropogenic
Size of fossils:macrofossils,mesofossils
Collection methods and comments
Collection excludes:some macrofossils
Collection methods:surface (in situ),field collection,survey of museum collection,observed (not collected)
Reason for describing collection:taxonomic analysis
Collectors:Soprintendenza Archeologica per il Veneto - Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Altino Collection dates:2000
Collection method comments: Natural History Museum of Venezia (MSNVE)
Metadata
Also known as:Roman Well US 100
Database number:193570
Authorizer:E. Vlachos Enterer:E. Vlachos
Created:2018-05-30 08:33:04 Last modified:2018-05-30 08:33:04
Access level:the public Released:2018-05-30 08:33:04
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
65767. A. Villa, M. Bon, and M. Delfino. 2018. Trapped in a roman well: amphibians and reptiles from Tenuta Zuccarello near Marcon, Venice, Italy. Historical Biology 1-16 [E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos]