The Pit: Irvingtonian, Colorado

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae
Equus sp. Linnaeus 1758
Mammalia - Cervidae
Cervus canadensis Erxleben 1777
    = Cervus elaphus Linnaeus 1758
Alroy 2002
Odocoileus sp. Rafinesque 1832
Mammalia - Bovidae
Ovis cf. canadensis Shaw 1804
cf. Oreamnos harringtoni Stock 1936
Mead and Taylor 1998
The Pit, level 2
Mammalia - Antilocapridae
Antilocapra sp. Ord 1818
Mammalia - Camelidae
Camelops sp. Leidy 1854
Mammalia - Carnivora - Felidae
Felidae indet. Gray 1821
"possibly Acinonyx"
Mammalia - Carnivora - Canidae
Vulpes velox (Say 1823)
Anderson 1996
Vulpes sp. Frisch 1775
    = Vulpes cf. vulpes Linnaeus 1758
Anderson 1996
Urocyon cinereoargenteus (Schreber 1775)
Anderson 1996
Canis latrans Say 1823
Mammalia - Carnivora - Mustelidae
Lutra canadensis (Schreber 1776)
    = Lontra cf. canadensis Schreber 1776
Anderson 1996
Mustela sp. Linnaeus 1758
Anderson 1996
Mustela cf. nigripes (Audubon and Bachman 1851)
original and current combination Putorius nigripes
(1 measurement)
Mustela erminea Linnaeus 1758
Anderson 1996
Mustela frenata Lichtenstein 1831
recombined as Neogale frenata
Taxidea taxus (Schreber 1778)
Mammalia - Carnivora - Mephitidae
Mephitis mephitis (Schreber 1776)
Anderson 1996
Brachyprotoma obtusata (Cope 1899)
Anderson 1996
Spilogale sp. Gray 1865
    = Spilogale putorius Linnaeus 1758
Anderson 1996
Mammalia - Soricidae
Soricidae indet. Fischer 1814
Mammalia - Rodentia - Erethizontidae
Erethizon sp. Cuvier 1822
Mammalia - Rodentia - Cricetidae
Lagurus curtatus (Cope 1868)
    = Lemmiscus curtatus Cope 1868
Alroy 2002
present in levels 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8A, 9, 10: Bell and Barnosky 2000; additional "L. sp." also present in levels 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10: Bell and Barnosky 2000
Neotoma sp. Say and Ord 1825
small
Neotoma cinerea (Ord 1815)
Mictomys meltoni (Paulson 1961)
levels 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8A, 9, 10, 11, 12: Bell and Barnosky 2000
Pitymys meadensis Hibbard 1944
    = Terricola meadensis Hibbard 1944
Alroy 2002
recombined as Microtus meadensis
present in levels 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8A: Bell and Barnosky 2000
Microtus paroperarius Hibbard 1944
levels 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7: Bell and Barnosky 2000; includes "Microtus montanus or M. longicaudus" according to Bell and Barnosky 2000
Mimomys cf. virginianus Repenning and Grady 1988
Bell and Barnosky 2000
levels 4, 5, 6, 7, 8A, 10
Phenacomys sp. Merriam 1889
    = Phenacomys cf. gryci Repenning 1987
Barnosky and Bell 1994
levels 3, 4, 0 according to Bell and Barnosky 2000; additional "P. sp." also present, levels 1 and 2 according to Bell and Barnosky 2000
Allophaiomys pliocaenicus Kormos 1932
Bell and Barnosky 2000
levels 4, 5, 6, 7, 8A, 11
Ondatra sp. Link 1795
Bell and Barnosky 2000
levels 1, 2, 4, 5, 8A; "O. cf. annectens"
Mammalia - Rodentia - Geomyidae
Thomomys sp. Wied-Neuwied 1839
Mammalia - Rodentia - Sciuridae
Tamiasciurus sp. Trouessart 1880
    = Tamiasciurus hudsonicus Erxleben 1777
Goodwin 1999
Marmota sp. Frisch 1775
    = Marmota cf. flaviventris Audubon and Bachman 1841
Goodwin 1999
Cynomys sp. Rafinesque 1817
Tamias minimus Bachman 1839
    = Neotamias cf. minimus Bachman 1839
Goodwin 1999
recombined as Eutamias minimus
"Eutamias sp."
Spermophilus sp. Cuvier 1825
    = Spermophilus lateralis Say 1823
Goodwin 1999
recombined as Callospermophilus lateralis
Spermophilus cf. elegans Kennicott 1863
Goodwin 2002
recombined as Urocitellus elegans
Sciurus sp. Linnaeus 1758
Mammalia - Lagomorpha - Ochotonidae
Ochotona cf. princeps (Richardson 1828)
Mammalia - Lagomorpha - Leporidae
Sylvilagus sp. Gray 1867
    = Sylvilagus audubonii Baird 1858
Ramos 1999
Sylvilagus idahoensis (Merriam 1891)
    = Brachylagus coloradoensis Ramos 1999
Ramos 1999
Lepus sp. Linnaeus 1758
    = Lepus townsendii Bachman 1839
Ramos 1999
Mammalia - Chiroptera
Chiroptera indet. Blumenbach 1779
a bat
see common names

Geography
Country:United States State/province:Colorado County:Park
Coordinates: 39.3° North, 105.7° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:39.3° North, 105.5° West
Basis of coordinate:based on political unit
Geographic resolution:small collection
Time
Period:Quaternary Epoch:Pleistocene
10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 6
Key time interval:Irvingtonian
Age range of interval:1.40000 - 0.21000 m.y. ago
Stratigraphy
Lithology and environment
Environment:terrestrial indet.
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Size of fossils:macrofossils,mesofossils
Collection methods and comments
Taxonomic list comments:"Porcupine Cave," exact locality unclear: Clethrionomys sp. Barnosky and Bell 1994 "Spermophilus armatus or richardsoni" Wood and Barnosky 1994 Cynomys gunnisoni Goodwin 1999 "probably" Cynonymys new species Goodwin 1999
"Mustela vison" omitted by Anderson 1996
Metadata
Also known as:CM loc. 1925
Database number:20477
Authorizer:J. Alroy Enterer:J. Alroy
Modifier:J. Alroy Research group:vertebrate
Created:2000-05-19 00:00:00 Last modified:2009-07-15 18:40:20
Access level:the public Released:2000-05-19 00:00:00
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
1022. A. D. Barnosky and D. L. Rasmussen. 1988. Middle Pleistocene arvicoline rodents and environmental change at 2900-meters elevation, Porcupine Cave, South Park, Colorado. Annals of Carnegie Museum 57(12):267-292 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]

Secondary references:

6294 J. Alroy. 2002. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Kouvari]
949 E. Anderson. 1996. A preliminary report on the Carnivora of Porcupine Cave, Park County, Colorado. In K. M. Stewart, K. L. Seymour (eds.), Palaeoecology and palaeoenvironments of late Cenozoic mammals: Tributes to the career of C.S. (Rufus) Churcher 259-282 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]
1021 A. D. Barnosky and C. J. Bell. 1994. Does climate induce change in morphologic variation within species?. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 14(3):16 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
1055 C. J. Bell and A. D. Barnosky. 2000. The microtine rodents from the Pit locality in Porcupine Cave, Park County, Colorado. Annals of Carnegie Museum 69(2):93-134 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Ju]
1686 H. T. Goodwin. 1999. Sciurid rodents from Porcupine Cave, Park Co., Colorado: Irvingtonian diversity and faunal dynamics. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 19(3):47A [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Ju]
6088 H. T. Goodwin. 2002. Spermophilus elegans (Rodentia, Sciuridae) from the middle Pleistocene of Colorado and the origin of the Spermophilus richardsonii group. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 22(1):182-185 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
2550 J. I. Mead and L. H. Taylor. 1998. National Science Museum Monographs 14:181-189 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
2827 C. N. Ramos. 1999. An Irvingtonian species of Brachylagus (mammalia: Lagomorpha) from Porcupine Cave, Park County, Colorado. Great Basin Naturalist 59(2):151-159 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]