Ishango - N.F.P.: Late/Upper Pleistocene, Congo-Kinshasa
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Gastropoda
- Paludomidae
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Cleopatra bulimoides
(Olivier 1804)
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rare category | |||||||||
ETE qualitative abundance; species: . | ||||||||||
Gastropoda
- Thiaridae
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Melanoides tuberculata
(Müller 1774)
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abundant category | |||||||||
ETE qualitative abundance; species: . | ||||||||||
Gastropoda
- Viviparidae
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Bellamya unicolor
(Olivier 1804)
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abundant category | |||||||||
ETE qualitative abundance; species: mak - name shift | ||||||||||
Gastropoda
- Ampullariidae
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Pila ovata
(Olivier 1804)
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rare category | |||||||||
ETE qualitative abundance; species: . | ||||||||||
Gastropoda
- Bithyniidae
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Gabbiella humerosa
(Martens 1879)
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abundant category | |||||||||
ETE qualitative abundance; species: mak - name shift | ||||||||||
Gabbiella senaariensis
(Küster 1852)
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rare category | |||||||||
ETE qualitative abundance; species: mak - name shift | ||||||||||
Gastropoda
- Heterostropha
- Planorbidae
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Gyraulus costulatus
(Krauss 1848)
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rare category | |||||||||
ETE qualitative abundance; species: . | ||||||||||
Biomphalaria choanomphala
(Martens 1879)
|
rare category | |||||||||
ETE qualitative abundance; species: mak - name shift | ||||||||||
Ceratophallus faini
(Adam 1957)
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rare category | |||||||||
ETE qualitative abundance; species: mak - name shift | ||||||||||
Ceratophallus kigeziensis
(Preston 1912)
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abundant category | |||||||||
ETE qualitative abundance; species: mak - name shift | ||||||||||
Ceratophallus apertus
(Martens 1897)
|
rare category | |||||||||
ETE qualitative abundance; species: mak - name shift | ||||||||||
Burnupia cf. edwardiana
Pilsbry and Bequaert 1927
|
rare category | |||||||||
ETE qualitative abundance; species: mak - name shift | ||||||||||
Gastropoda
- Heterostropha
- Succineidae
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Succinea ? baumanni
Sturany 1894
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rare category | |||||||||
ETE qualitative abundance; species: mak - name shift | ||||||||||
Gastropoda
- Heterostropha
- Subulinidae
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Curvella indet.
Chaper 1885
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rare category | |||||||||
ETE qualitative abundance; species: mak - replaced genus name sp. with family name | ||||||||||
Gastropoda
- Heterostropha
- Achatinidae
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Achatina stuhlmanni
von Martens 1892
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rare category | |||||||||
ETE qualitative abundance; species: mak - name shift | ||||||||||
Limicolaria martensiana
(Smith 1880)
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rare category | |||||||||
ETE qualitative abundance; species: mak - name shift | ||||||||||
Bivalvia
- Cardiida
- Corbiculidae
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Corbicula consobrina
Adams and Adams 1857
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rare category | |||||||||
ETE qualitative abundance; species: . | ||||||||||
Bivalvia
- Cardiida
- Sphaeriidae
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Pisidium cf. victoriae
Mandahl-Barth 1954
|
rare category | |||||||||
ETE qualitative abundance; species: mak - name shift | ||||||||||
Sphaerium hartmanni
(Jickeli 1874)
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rare category | |||||||||
ETE qualitative abundance; species: mak - name shift | ||||||||||
Bivalvia
- Unionida
- Mutelidae
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Mutela ? nilotica
Crosse 1881
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rare category | |||||||||
ETE qualitative abundance; species: mak - name shift | ||||||||||
Bivalvia
- Unionida
- Unionidae
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Coelatura bakeri
(Adams 1866)
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rare category | |||||||||
ETE qualitative abundance; species: . | ||||||||||
Coelatura acuminata
(Adams 1866)
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rare category | |||||||||
ETE qualitative abundance; species: mak - name shift | ||||||||||
Bivalvia
- Unionida
- Iridinidae
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Aspatharia rubens
(Lamarck 1819)
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rare category | |||||||||
ETE qualitative abundance; species: . | ||||||||||
Bivalvia
- Unionida
- Etheriidae
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Etheria elliptica
Lamarck 1807
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rare category | |||||||||
ETE qualitative abundance; species: . | ||||||||||
Dipnomorpha
- Lepidosirenidae
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Protopterus aethiopicus
Heckel 1851
|
26 specimens | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Thryonomyidae
|
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Thryonomys swinderianus
(Temminck 1827)
|
19 specimens | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Lagomorpha
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Lagomorpha indet.
Brandt 1885
|
26 specimens | |||||||||
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Lepus or Poelagus | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Primates
- Cercopithecidae
|
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Cercopithecidae sp.
Gray 1821
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3 specimens | |||||||||
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Cercopithecus or Colobus | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Primates
- Hominidae
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Homo sapiens
Linnaeus 1758
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Boaz 1990 | 16 specimens | ||||||||
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: sapiens | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Rhinocerotidae
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Rhinocerotidae sp.
Gray 1821
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1 specimen | |||||||||
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Diceros or Ceratotherium | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Equidae
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Equus cf. burchelli
Gray 1824
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1 specimen | |||||||||
recombined as Equus quagga burchelli | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Suidae
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Hylochoerus meinertzhageni
Thomas 1904
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2 specimens | |||||||||
Phacochoerus aethiopicus
(Pallas 1766)
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10 specimens | |||||||||
Potamochoerus sp.
Gray 1854
|
17 specimens | |||||||||
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: or Phacochoerus | ||||||||||
Potamochoerus porcus
(Linnaeus 1758)
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3 specimens | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Hippopotamidae
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Hippopotamus amphibius
Linnaeus 1758
|
96 specimens | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Bovidae
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Bovidae indet.
Gray 1821
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19 specimens | |||||||||
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Bovidae | ||||||||||
Bovidae informal small indet.
|
52 specimens | |||||||||
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Bovidae-sm | ||||||||||
Bovidae informal medium indet.
|
97 specimens | |||||||||
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Bovidae-md | ||||||||||
Bovidae informal large indet.
|
518 specimens | |||||||||
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Bovidae-lg | ||||||||||
Bovidae informal very large indet.
|
26 specimens | |||||||||
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Bovidae-v. lg | ||||||||||
Ourebia ourebi
(Zimmerman 1783)
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5 specimens | |||||||||
original and current combination Antilope ourebi | ||||||||||
Hippotragus equinus
(Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1803)
|
10 specimens | |||||||||
original and current combination Antilope equina | ||||||||||
Alcelaphini indet.
Brookes 1876
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218 specimens | |||||||||
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Alcelaphini | ||||||||||
Damaliscus lunatus
(Burchell 1823)
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11 specimens | |||||||||
Reduncini indet.
Knottnerus-Meyer 1907
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6 specimens | |||||||||
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Reduncini | ||||||||||
Kobus ellipsiprymnus
(Ogilby 1833)
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4 specimens | |||||||||
original and current combination Antilope ellipsiprymnus | ||||||||||
Redunca redunca
Hamilton Smith 1827
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26 specimens | |||||||||
Tragelaphini indet.
Blyth 1863
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4 specimens | |||||||||
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Tragelaphini | ||||||||||
Tragelaphus strepsiceros
(Pallas 1766)
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2 specimens | |||||||||
Tragelaphus scriptus
(Pallas 1766)
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11 specimens | |||||||||
Tragelaphus spekei
(Sclater 1864)
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1 specimen | |||||||||
original and current combination Tragelaphus spekii | ||||||||||
Taurotragus sp.
Wagner 1855
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22 specimens | |||||||||
Pelorovis antiquus
(Duvernoy 1851)
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15 specimens | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Carnivora
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Carnivora indet.
Bowdich 1821
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ETE occurrence; species: Carnivora-sm | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Felidae
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Panthera leo
(Linnaeus 1758)
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1 specimen | |||||||||
Felis sp.
Linnaeus 1758
|
1 specimen | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Mustelidae
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Lutra maculicollis
Lichtenstein 1835
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6 specimens | |||||||||
recombined as Hydrictis maculicollis | ||||||||||
Aonyx sp.
Lesson 1827
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2 specimens | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Canidae
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Canis sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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2 specimens | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Tubulidentata
- Orycteropodidae
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Orycteropus afer
(Pallas 1766)
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3 specimens | |||||||||
Reptilia
- Charadriiformes
- Scolopacidae
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Numenius phaeopus
(Linnaeus 1758)
|
1 specimen | |||||||||
Reptilia
- Accipitriformes
- Accipitridae
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Accipitridae indet.
Viellot 1816
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5 specimens | |||||||||
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Accipitridae | ||||||||||
Buteoninae indet.
Vigors 1824
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1 specimen | |||||||||
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Buteoninae | ||||||||||
Aegypiinae indet.
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2 specimens | |||||||||
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Aegyptinae | ||||||||||
Haliaeetus vocifer
(Daudin 1800)
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1 specimen | |||||||||
Reptilia
- Passeriformes
- Corvidae
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Corvus albicollis
Latham 1790
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3 specimens | |||||||||
Reptilia
- Anseriformes
- Anatidae
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Anas sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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1 specimen | |||||||||
Plectropterus gambensis
(Linnaeus 1766)
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5 specimens | |||||||||
Reptilia
- Suliformes
- Anhingidae
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Anhinga melanogaster
Pennant 1769
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3 specimens | |||||||||
Reptilia
- Suliformes
- Phalacrocoracidae
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Phalacrocorax carbo
(Linnaeus 1758)
|
1 specimen | |||||||||
Phalacrocorax africanus
(Gmelin 1789)
|
1 specimen | |||||||||
recombined as Microcarbo africanus | ||||||||||
Reptilia
- Ciconiiformes
- Ciconiidae
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Ciconiidae informal indet. 1
Sundevall 1836
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1 specimen | |||||||||
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Leptoptillinae | ||||||||||
Ciconiidae informal indet. 2
Sundevall 1836
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3 specimens | |||||||||
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Ciconiidae | ||||||||||
Mycteria ibis
(Linnaeus 1766)
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5 specimens | |||||||||
Anastomus lamelligerus
Temminck 1823
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3 specimens | |||||||||
Reptilia
- Pelecaniformes
- Ardeidae
|
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Egretta alba
(Linnaeus 1758)
|
1 specimen | |||||||||
original and current combination Ardea alba | ||||||||||
Reptilia
- Pelecaniformes
- Pelecanidae
|
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Pelecanus rufescens
Gmelin 1789
|
2 specimens | |||||||||
Reptilia
- Phoenicopteriformes
- Phoenicopteridae
|
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Phoeniconaias minor
(Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1798)
|
4 specimens | |||||||||
recombined as Phoenicoparrus minor | ||||||||||
Reptilia
- Struthioniformes
- Struthionidae
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Struthio camelus
Linnaeus 1758
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ETE occurrence; species: eggshell | ||||||||||
Reptilia
- Phasianidae
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Francolinus sp.
Stephens 1819
|
1 specimen | |||||||||
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: F. squamata or nobilis | ||||||||||
Actinopteri
- Cichliformes
- Cichlidae
|
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Cichlidae indet.
Heckel 1840
|
828 specimens | |||||||||
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Tilapiini | ||||||||||
Actinopteri
- Centropomidae
|
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Lates niloticus
(Linnaeus 1758)
|
649 specimens | |||||||||
Actinopteri
- Cypriniformes
- Cyprinidae
|
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Barbus sp.
Cuvier and Cloquet 1816
|
1679 specimens | |||||||||
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: bynni | ||||||||||
Barbus altianalis
Boulenger 1900
|
24 specimens | |||||||||
Barbus bynni
(Forsskål 1775)
|
826 specimens | |||||||||
Actinopteri
- Siluriformes
- Mochokidae
|
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Synodontis sp.
Cuvier 1816
|
449 specimens | |||||||||
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: frontosus | ||||||||||
Synodontis schall
(Bloch and Schneider 1801)
|
3 specimens | |||||||||
Synodontis frontosus
Vaillant 1895
|
427 specimens | |||||||||
Actinopteri
- Siluriformes
- Clariidae
|
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Clarias cf. gariepinus
|
882 specimens | |||||||||
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: cf. gariepinus, mak - species name from unique name | ||||||||||
cf. Heterobranchus sp.
Hilaire 1827
|
18 specimens | |||||||||
Cladistia
- Polypteriformes
- Polypteridae
|
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Polypterus cf. senegalus
|
30 specimens | |||||||||
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: mak - species name from unique name | ||||||||||
see common names |
Geography
Country: | Congo-Kinshasa |
Coordinates: | 0.1° South, 29.6° East (view map) |
Paleocoordinates: | 0.1° South, 29.6° East |
Basis of coordinate: | estimated from map |
Geographic resolution: | outcrop |
Time
Period: | Quaternary | Epoch: | Pleistocene |
10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 6 | *Epoch: | Middle - Late/Upper Pleistocene |
*International age/stage: | Holocene (minimum) | ||
Key time interval: | Late/Upper Pleistocene | ||
Age range of interval: | 0.12600 - 0.01170 m.y. ago | ||
* legacy (obsolete) database fields |
Stratigraphy
Stratigraphy comments: "The first stage, characterised by the Ishangian levels, is illustrative for a Late Pleistocene hunter-fisher-gatherer Community adapted to relatively dry and open savanna living conditions. For the moment it is impossible to give a more precise estimate of the age of the Ishango culture, but it is not inconceivable that the N.F.PR. assemblage relates to one of somewhat drier phases that occurred within the second half of the Late Pleistocene, i.e. from ca. 21000 to 17500 BP or from 14500 to 12500 BP."
ETE dating method: absolute, ETE age comment: "Max age = 21,000 +/- 500 (date in NFP at Is11). Min age = 6890 +/- 75 (charcoal from the Katwe ash)." radiometric intage_max, radiometric intage_min. Niveau fossilifere principal. |
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: | not reported |
Lithology description: ETE rock type adj: 0, ETE lithology comments: "dense concentration of bones and artifacts, possibly a debris wash" | |
Environment: | lacustrine indet. |
Geology comments: ETE sed env 1: lacustrine, ETE sed env 2: lake_margin ETE event: ., ETE env comment: fluctuating shore |
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation: | body |
Size of fossils: | macrofossils |
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods: | selective quarrying,surface (in situ) |
Collection size: | 14131 specimens |
Reason for describing collection: | general faunal/floral analysis |
Collection method comments: ETE Size: macro; ETE reference list: 487, 483, 482, 481, 478, 477, 81, ; ETE museum list: |
Metadata
Also known as: | ETE Locality 887, Niveau fossilifere principal, Ishango - N.F.P., | ||
Database number: | 22066 | ||
Authorizer: | A. Behrensmeyer, R. Potts | Enterer: | A. Behrensmeyer, R. Potts, J. Damuth |
Modifier: | M. Clapham | Research group: | vertebrate |
Created: | 1999-02-24 00:00:00 | Last modified: | 2018-12-30 23:51:54 |
Access level: | the public | Released: | 1999-02-24 00:00:00 |
Creative Commons license: | CC BY |
Reference information
Primary reference:
5318. | ETE 1042 | J. Peters. 1990. Late Pleistocene hunter-gatherers at Ishango (eastern Zaire): the faunal evidence. Revue de Paléobiologie 9(1):73-112 [A. Behrensmeyer/A. Behrensmeyer/M. Clapham] |
Secondary references:
5321 | ETE 1045 | N. T. Boaz. 1990. Evolution of environments and Hominidae in the African Western Rift Valley. Virginia Museum of Natural History Memior 1(i-xii):1-356 [A. Behrensmeyer/A. Behrensmeyer/M. Kosnik] |