Tooth Draw Quarry (TD), Deer's Ears Butte: Late/Upper Maastrichtian, South Dakota
collected by M. Licking, W, Stein 1980, 2006, 2009–

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Mammalia - Stagodontidae
Didelphodon sp. Marsh 1889
Stein 2021
Mammalia - Multituberculata - Neoplagiaulacidae
Mesodma sp. Jepsen 1940
Stein 2021
"Mesodema"
Reptilia
Palaeosaniwa sp. Gilmore 1928
Stein 2021 1 specimen
"Paleosaniwa"; fused parietals (TD-12-044)
Cemeterius sp. Longrich et al. 2012
Stein 2021 1 specimen
"Cemetarius"; L dentary (TD-13-171)
Reptilia - Baenidae
Neurankylus sp. Lambe 1902
Stein 2021
Peckemys brinkmani
Stein 2021
Saxochelys gilberti Lyson et al. 2019
Stein 2021 2 specimens
Plesiobaena sp. Gaffney 1972
Stein 2021
Reptilia - Testudines
Gilmoremys sp. Joyce and Lyson 2011
Stein 2021
Aspideretoides sp. Gardner et al. 1995
Stein 2021
Reptilia - Testudines - Trionychidae
Apalone sp. Rafinesque 1832
Stein 2021
Axestemys infernalis Joyce et al. 2019
Stein 2021
Reptilia - Testudines
? Tullochelys sp. Hutchison 2013
Stein 2021
Reptilia - Testudines - Adocidae
Adocus sp. Cope 1868
Stein 2021
Reptilia - Testudines - Nanhsiungchelyidae
Basilemys sp. Hay 1902
Stein 2021
Reptilia
Borealosuchus sp. Brochu 1997
Stein 2021
Brachychampsa sp. Gilmore 1911
Stein 2021
Thoracosaurus sp. Leidy 1852
Stein 2021
Ornithischia indet. (Seeley 1888)
Stein 2021 142 specimens
Reptilia - Ceratopsidae
Torosaurus sp. Marsh 1891
Stein 2021
Triceratops sp. Marsh 1889
Stein 2021 190 specimens
Reptilia - Leptoceratopsidae
Leptoceratops sp. Brown 1914
Stein 2021
Reptilia
Pachycephalosaurus sp. Brown and Schlaikjer 1943
Stein 2021 46 specimens
Dracorex hogwartsia Bakker et al. 2006
Stein 2021
synonym of Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis
incl. atlas-intercentrum (TD-16-260)
Thescelosaurus sp. Gilmore 1913
310 specimens
    = Thescelosaurus neglectus Gilmore 1913
Stein 2021
Reptilia - Hadrosauridae
Edmontosaurus annectens (Marsh 1892)
Stein 2021 532 specimens
"not including shed Edmontosaurus teeth and fragments, which were very abundant and rarely counted"
Reptilia - Ankylosauridae
Ankylosaurus magniventris Brown 1908
Stein 2021
Reptilia - Nodosauridae
Denversaurus schlessmanni
Stein 2021
synonym of Edmontonia
"Denversaurus schleshmanni"
Reptilia
Theropoda indet. (Marsh 1881)
Stein 2021 67 specimens
Paronychodon sp. Cope 1876
Stein 2021
Reptilia - Troodontidae
cf. Troodon sp. Leidy 1856
Stein 2021
Pectinodon bakkeri Carpenter 1982
Stein 2021 1 specimen
Reptilia - Dromaeosauridae
Dromaeosauridae indet. Colbert and Russell 1969
Stein 2021
"unnamed tooth taxon"
cf. Richardoestesia sp. Currie et al. 1990
Stein 2021
Acheroraptor temertyorum Evans et al. 2013
Stein 2021
Dakotaraptor steini DePalma et al. 2015
Stein 2021
cf. Saurornitholestes sp. Sues 1978
Stein 2021
Reptilia
Aves indet. (Linnaeus 1758)
Stein 2021 1 specimen
partial femur
Reptilia - Caenagnathidae
Anzu wyliei Lamanna et al. 2014
Stein 2021 8 specimens
Reptilia - Tyrannosauridae
Tyrannosaurus rex Osborn 1905
Stein 2021 274 specimens
over 260 isolated teeth and at least 14 elements
Nanotyrannus lancensis (Gilmore 1946)
Stein 2021 422 specimens
synonym of Tyrannosaurus rex
Reptilia - Alvarezsauridae
cf. Albertonykus sp. Longrich and Currie 2009
Stein 2021 2 specimens
unguals, TD-16-149 and KU-156687 (TDW-17-002)
Reptilia - Ornithomimidae
Ornithomimus sp. Marsh 1890
Stein 2021 22 specimens
Reptilia - Ornithocheiridae
Ornithocheiridae indet. Seeley 1870
Stein 2021
Reptilia
Champsosaurus sp. Cope 1876
Stein 2021
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Batrachosauroididae
Opisthotriton sp. Auffenberg 1961
Stein 2021
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Urodela
Scapherpeton sp. Cope 1876
Stein 2021
Habrosaurus sp. Gilmore 1928
Stein 2021
Actinopteri - Amiiformes - Amiidae
Kindleia fragosa Jordan 1927
Stein 2021
recombined as Cyclurus fragosus
Actinopteri - Lepisosteiformes - Lepisosteidae
Lepisosteus sp. Agassiz 1843
Stein 2021
Actinopteri
Teleostei indet. (Müller 1846)
Stein 2021
Acipenseriformes - Acipenseridae
Acipenser albertensis Lambe 1902
Stein 2021
Chondrichthyes - Rajiformes - Rhinobatidae
Myledaphus pustulosus Cook et al. 2014
Stein 2021
Chondrichthyes - Hybodontiformes - Lonchidiidae
Lonchidion sp. Estes 1964
Stein 2021
see common names

Geography
Country:United States State/province:South Dakota County:Butte
Coordinates: 45.0° North, 103.2° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:51.1° North, 77.1° West
Basis of coordinate:stated in text
Geographic resolution:outcrop
Time
Period:Cretaceous Epoch:Late/Upper Cretaceous
Stage:Maastrichtian 10 m.y. bin:Cretaceous 8
Key time interval:Late/Upper Maastrichtian
Age range of interval:72.10000 - 66.00000 m.y. ago
Stratigraphy
Geological group:Montana Formation:Hell Creek
Stratigraphic resolution:bed
Stratigraphy comments: "it was determined that the Tooth Draw Quarry (TD) is approximately, 58 meters below the suspected K-Pg boundary. This places it somewhere in the lower middle of the Hell Creek Formation, equivalent to the lower “Marmath Member” of Frye, (1969) or at the base of the informally named “JenRex Sandstone”, “East Ried Coulee Unit”, as per the lectostratatype section by Hartman et. al (2014)."
- Single major bonebed with several subunits (Horizons A through E)
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology:fine,coarse sandstone
Secondary lithology:ferruginous,pebbly conglomerate
Includes fossils?Y
Includes fossils?Y
Lithology description: "interbedded FG-CG lithic wacke sandstone, ironstone pebble conglomerate and clay pebble conglomerate w/abundant vertebrate and organic remains"
Environment:channel lag
Geology comments: "a 1-2 meter thick, channel lag deposit"
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Lagerst�tten type:concentrate
Degree of concentration:-bonebed
Size of fossils:macrofossils,mesofossils
Spatial orientation:preferred
Preservation of anatomical detail:excellent
Abundance in sediment:abundant
Fragmentation:occasional
Feeding/predation traces:tooth marks,arthropod boring
Spatial resolution:parautochthonous
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:bulk,surface (float),surface (in situ),sieve,field collection
Reason for describing collection:taphonomic analysis
Collectors:M. Licking, W, Stein Collection dates:1980, 2006, 2009–
Collection method comments: "Field collection by the author and PaleoAdventures field crews continues to the present day. Since this is a private locality, all specimens recovered here were placed into three distinct categories: “common”, “commercial” or “scientifically significant”. "
Metadata
Also known as:Tooth Draw West, TDW, Tooth Draw Site B, Becca's Tooth Draw
Database number:224484
Authorizer:M. Carrano Enterer:M. Carrano
Modifier:M. Carrano Research group:vertebrate
Created:2022-03-09 12:27:41 Last modified:2022-05-03 11:43:11
Access level:the public Released:2022-03-09 12:27:41
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
81555. W. W. Stein. 2019. Taking count: a census of dinosaur fossils recovered from the Hell Creek and Lance formations (Maastrichtian). The Journal of Paleontological Sciences JPS.C.2019:01:1-42 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]

Secondary references:

80625 W. W. Stein. 2021. The paleontology, geology and taphonomy of the Tooth Draw Deposit; Hell Creek Formation (Maastrictian), Butte County, South Dakota. The Journal of Paleontological Sciences JPS.C.21:0001:1-108 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]