Eckfeld Maar (NHMM collection): MP 13, Germany

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
unclassified
cf. Didymochlaena sp. leaf, fertile axis
Polypodiaceae s.l.
Rumohra recentior leaf
Polypodiaceae s.l.; sporangia
Aceripollis striatus microspore, leaf
Aceraceae (Acer)
Emmapollis pseudoemmaensis microspore
Chloranthaceae
Spinaepollis spinosus microspore
Euphorbiaceae
Duplopollis myrtoides microspore
Myrtaceae
Olaxipollis matthesii microspore
Olacaceae (Olax)
Emmenopterys sp. seed/fruit
Rubiaceae
Reevesiapollis triangulus microspore
Sterculiaceae: Reevesia (Reevesiapollis triangulus vel eocaenicus)
Porocolpopollenites calauensis microspore
Symplocaceae
Porocolpopollenites rarobaculatus microspore
Symplocaceae
Porocolpopollenites vestibulum microspore
Symplocaceae
cf. Polyspora saxonica leaf
Theacea
Intratiporopollenites ceciliensis microspore
Tiliaceae
Intratiporopollenites minimus microspore
Tiliaceae
Intratiporopollenites cf. maxoides microspore
Tiliaceae
Pungiphyllum waltheri leaf
Incerta sedis
Lindsaea sp. leaf
Polypodiaceae s.l.
Polypodiopsida - Polypodiaceae
Laevigatosporites haardtii microspore
Polypodiaceae s.l.
Laevigatosporites discordatus microspore Thomson and Pflug 1953
Polypodiaceae s.l.
Verrucatosporites tennellis microspore
Polypodiaceae s.l. (Polypodium)
Polypodiopsida - Osmundaceae
Baculatisporites primarius microspore
Osmundaceae
Osmunda lignitum microspore (Giebel 1857)
recombined as Osmunda lignita
Osmundaceae
Polypodiopsida - Schizaeales - Lygodiaceae
Lygodium kaulfussi leaf Heer
Schizaeaceae
Polypodiopsida - Schizaeales - Schizaeaceae
cf. Ruffordia subcretacea leaf, non-seed repro
Schizaeaceae
Cicatricosisporites paradorogensis microspore
Schizaeaceae
Cicatricosisporites dorogensis microspore Potonie and Gelletich 1933
Schizaeaceae
Microfoveolatosporites granuloides microspore
Schizaeaceae (Schizaea)
Pteridopsida
Leiotriletes maxoides microspore
Schizaeaceae
Leiotriletes microadriennis microspore Krutzsch 1959
Schizaeaceae
Bryopsida
Muscites sp. leaf Brongniart 1828
Bryophyte (incerta sedis)
Jungermanniopsida - Porellales - Frullaniaceae
cf. Frullania sp. leaf Raddi 1818
Bryophyte (Jungermanniaceae)
Angiospermae - Liliales - Smilacaceae
cf. Smilax sp. leaf Linnaeus 1753
Smilaceae
Angiospermae - Araceae
Araceae indet. leaf de Jussieu 1789
Angiospermae - Arecaceae
Arecaceae indet. multi organs, leaf von Berchtold and Presl 1820
(Palmae): leaves, pollen, flowers, spines
Angiospermae - Poales - Poaceae
Graminidites eifelensis microspore
Poaceae (Gramineae)
Graminidites sp. microspore Potonie 1960
Poaceae (Gramineae)
Angiospermae - Poales - Typhaceae
Sparganiaceaepollenites spp. microspore
Sparganiaceae
Angiospermae - Poales - Restionaceae
Milfordia hungarica microspore
Restionaceae
Milfordia incerta microspore
Restionaceae
Milfordia minima microspore
Restionaceae
Angiospermae - Poales - Cyperaceae
Cyperaceae indet. microspore, seed/fruit Jussieu 1789
Angiospermae - Laurales - Lauraceae
cf. Laurophyllum sp. leaf Göppert 1853
Lauraceae
cf. Daphnogene sp. leaf Unger 1845
Lauraceae
Angiospermae - Santalales - Loranthaceae
Gothanipollis gothanii microspore
Loranthaceae s.l.
Angiospermae - Dipsacales - Adoxaceae
Sambucus sp. seed/fruit Linnaeus 1753
Caprifoliaceae
Angiospermae - Aquifoliales - Aquifoliaceae
Ilexpollenites iliacus microspore
Aquifoliaceae (Ilex)
Angiospermae - Asterales - Asteraceae
Compositoipollenites rhizophorus microspore
Icacinaceae
Angiospermae - Saxifragales - Hamamelidaceae
Hamamelidaceae indet. flower Brown 1818
?pollen
Angiospermae - Ranunculales - Menispermaceae
Menispermaceae indet. microspore, seed/fruit de Jussieu 1789
pollen, diaspores, ?leaves
Angiospermae - Proteales
Triatriopollenites bituitus microspore
Myricaceae
Triatriopollenites rurensis microspore
Myricaceae
Angiospermae - Rosales - Rosaceae
Rubus sp. microspore Linnaeus 1753
Rosaceae
Rosa sp. leaf Linnaeus 1753
Rosaceae
Angiospermae - Rosales - Ulmaceae
cf. Ulmus sp. leaf Linnaeus 1753
Ulmaceae s.l.
cf. Zelkova sp. leaf Spach 1841
Ulmaceae s.l.
Celtipollenites intrastructurus microspore
Ulmaceae s.l.
Angiospermae - Fabales - Fabaceae
Leguminosae indet. multi organs, leaf de Jussieu
synonym of Fabaceae
leaves, pollen, diaspores
Angiospermae - Fagales - Myricaceae
Comptonia sp. leaf L'Héritier de Brutelle 1789
Myricaceae
Angiospermae - Fagales - Fagaceae
Fagaceae indet. microspore Dumortier 1829
Archetype
Angiospermae - Fagales - Juglandaceae
cf. Pterocarya sp. microspore, seed/fruit Kunth 1824
Juglandaceae
Caryapollenites circulus microspore
Juglandaceae (Carya)
cf. Engelhardtia sp. multi organs, microspore (Blume 1825)
misspelling Engelhardia
Juglandaceae: leaves, pollen, diaspores
cf. Platycarya sp. multi organs, flower Siebold and Zuccarini 1843
Juglandaceae: leaves, pollen, diaspores, flowers
Angiospermae - Fagales - Betulaceae
Alnipollenites verus microspore Potonie 1931
Betulaceae s.l. (Alnus)
cf. Carpinus sp. microspore Linnaeus 1753
Betulaceae s.l.
Polyporopollenites undulosus microspore
Ulmaceae s.l.
Polyporopollenites verrucatus microspore
Ulmaceae s.l.
Angiospermae - Malpighiales - Euphorbiaceae
Tricolporopollenites megaexactus microspore
Clethraceae?/Cyrillaceae?
Tricolporopollenites parmularius microspore
Eucommiaceae (Eucommia)
Tricolporopollenites kruschii microspore
Nyssaceae (Nyssa)
Tricolporopollenites microreticulatus microspore
Oleaceae
Angiospermae - Malvales - Bombacaceae
Bombacacidites kettigensis microspore
Bombacaceae
Bombacacidites tilioides microspore
Bombacaceae
Bombacacidites sp. microspore Couper 1960
Bombacaceae
Angiospermae - Sapindales - Anacardiaceae
cf. Pentoperculum sp. seed/fruit Manchester 1994
Anacardiaceae
Angiospermae - Sapindales - Rutaceae
Rutaceae indet. seed/fruit de Jussieu 1789
diaspores, ?pollen
Angiospermae - Sapindales - Burseraceae
Canarium sp. seed/fruit Linnaeus 1759
Burseraceae
Angiospermae - Vitales - Vitaceae
Vitaceae indet. multi organs, leaf Jussieu 1789
leaves, pollen, diaspores
Angiospermae - Moraceae
Ficus sp. leaf Linnaeus 1753
Moraceae
Angiospermae - Parietales - Ternstroemiaceae
cf. Ternstroemites dentatus leaf
Theacea
Angiospermae - Myrtales - Onagraceae
Corsinipollenites oculusnoctis microspore
Onagraceae
Corsinipollenites verrucatus microspore
Onagraceae
Angiospermae - Ericales - Ericaceae
Ericipites callidus microspore
Ericaceae
Ericipites ericius microspore
Ericaceae
Ericipites sp. microspore Wodehouse 1933
Ericaceae
Angiospermae - Alismatales - Hydrocharitaceae
Hydrocharitaceae indet. leaf, microspore de Jussieu 1789
Magnoliopsida
Araliaceoipollenites reticuloides microspore
Araliaceae (Hedera)
Araliaceoipollenites euphorii microspore
Araliaceae gen. indet.
Araliaceoipollenites sp. microspore Potonié 1960
Araliaceae gen. indet.
Pinopsida - Pinales - Pinaceae
Pityosporites microalatus microspore
Pinaceae (Cathaya)
Pityosporites labdacus microspore
Pinaceae (Pinus)
Pinopsida - Pinales - Taxodiaceae
Taxodiaceae indet. leaf, microspore Saporta 1865
Cupressacites insulipapillatus microspore
Cupressaceae s.s.
Pinopsida - Pinales - Taxaceae
Cephalotaxus cf. messelensis leaf
Cephalotaxaceae
Algae - Zygnemataceae
Ovoidites sp. marine palyn Krutzsch 1959
Algae (Zygnemataceae); zygospores
Algae - Botryococcaceae
Botryococcus sp. marine palyn Kutzing 1849
Algae (Botryoccaceae); coenobia
unclassified
Dicranites sp. leaf Klebs 1907
Bryophyte (Dicranaceae s.l.); capsules
Equisetopsida - Araucariaceae
Araucariacites europaeus microspore
Araucariaceae?
unclassified
Monocolpopollenites crassiexinus microspore
Nymphaceae
Ginkgoopsida - Ephedrales
Ephedripites eocenipites microspore
Ephedraceae (Ephedra)
unclassified
Libocedrites salicornioides leaf (Unger 1841)
Cupressaceae s.s.
Lycopodiopsida - Selaginellales
Camarozonosporites eocaenicus microspore
Lycopodiaceae
Charales - Characea
Chara sp. marine palyn Linnaeus 1753
Algae (Charophyceae); gyrogonites
Chrysophyceae
Chrysophyceae indet. marine palyn Pascher 1914
Algae; cysts
Reptilia - Testudines - Trionychidae
Rafetoides messelianus (Reinach 1900)
Karl 2018 13 specimens
NMM / LS PW o.Nr.[VII A2 1,2/2]: Pelvis fragment, Femur fragment prox.; PW 1995/26-LS: Femur dex.; o.Nr.: Humerus dex.; PW 1992/1299-LS: Pleurale fragment; PW o.Nr.: Humerus; PW 2011/3-LS: Panzer mit Innen skelett s. 2011/2 (Abb. 3, Fig. 7); PW 2011/2-LS: Hyo plastron sin. zu 2011/3; PW 2011/4: Hypo plastron frag ment, 2 Pleuralia fragmente; PW 2006/130-LS: Geode mit Pleuralia fragmenten; PW 2008/27-LS: Neurale fragment, Pleurale fragment; PW 2006/ o.Nr., 53 DKLH-LS: Geode mit Discus hälfte sin.; PW 2006/6-LS: Diskus
Reptilia - Testudines
Borkenia eckfeldense n. sp. Karl 2018
Karl 2018 11 specimens
NMM / LS o.Nr. [VII]: inguinales Brücken peripherale, NMM / LS PW 1998/116- LS: Panzer, PW 1995/32-LS: postero laterales Peripherale, PW 1995/33-LS: antero laterales Peri pherale, PW 1995/30-LS: Peri pherale VII+ VIII, PW 1999/46-LS: postero laterales Peripherale, PW 1997/48-LS: postero laterales Peripherale, PW 2011/1-LS: Plastron (Abb. 3, Fig. 6); PW 2006/131-LS: Panzer; PW 1995/ 27-LS: antero laterales Peripherale; PW 2000/182-LS: antero laterales Peripherale.
Borkenia philippeni n. sp. Karl 2018
Karl 2018 1 specimen
NMM / LS PW 2008/1-LS: etwas ver formter voll ständiger Panzer.
Reptilia - Testudines - Geoemydidae
Geiselemys ptychogastroides (Hummel 1935)
Karl 2018 1 specimen
original and current combination Geoemyda ptychogastroides
NMM / LS PW 1995/o.Nr.-LS: Xiphi plastron sin.
Reptilia - Testudines - Testudinidae
Eochersina steinbacherae (Karl 1996)
Karl 2018
nomen dubium belonging to Pelorochelon
Barnesia n. gen. eocaenica (Hummel 1935)
Karl 2018 20 specimens
recombined as Pelorochelon eocaenica
GMH-XVIII Cecilie NO 24, stark ver drückter Panzer mit Schädel- und Extremitäten resten, Holo typus zu HUMMEL (1935: fig. 23a-b, Taf. IIa, pl. III); GMH-Cecilie I, Plastron, Original exemplar zu HUMMEL (1935: fig. 24); GMH-XVIII Cecilie, anteriore Plastron hälfte, Original exemplar zu HUMMEL (1935: fig. 25a-b); GMH-Cecilie NE 39, Plastron, Original exemplar zu HUMMEL (1935: fig. 26); GMH-Cecilie NE 25, Carapax und Plastron reste, Original exemplar zu HUMMEL (1935: fig. 27a-b); GMH-XXVI Cecilie, posteriore Carapax reste, Original exemplar zu HUMMEL (1935: fig. 28); GMH-XXII 147/1961, linker Humerus, Radius, Ulna, linke und rechte Scapula (Taf. 1c-g hier); GMH-XXXVI 248/1962, Plastron (Taf. 3a-c hier, Abb. 5); GMH-XXXVI 63/1962, Plastron und Carapax, Original ex em plar zu HAUBOLD (1983: fig. 99); GMH-XLII/12, posteriorer Frontal lobus, Original exem plar zu HAUBOLD (1983: fig. 97); GMH-XVIII 987/ 1958, verdrückter Panzer, Original ex em plar zu ZIMMER MANN-ROLLIUS (1967: fig. 5-6); GMH-XIV 783/1957, 2 Brücken peripheralia; GMH-XVIII 3174/57/ Ns/1957, Carapax reste, Original ex em plar zu ZIMMER MANN-ROLLIUS (1965); linke Brückenperipheralia III-IV (Taf. 1b hier); GMH-10894, ver drückte Panzer reste; GMH-XVIII 913/ Ns/1958, Plastron reste; GMH-XXXVI 42/1962, linke Carapax hälfte (Taf. 1a hier); GMHXVIII 913/Ns/1958, Plastron, Original ex emplar zu ZIMMER MANN-ROLLIUS (1967: fig. 4); GMH-Cec 6781/1933, verdrücktes Exemplar in Ventral an sicht zu HUMMEL (1935: Taf. III) (Taf. 2a hier); GMH-6783, ver drücktes Ex em plar in Ventral an sicht (Taf. 2b hier); GMH-XXXVI 63/1962, ver drücktes Ex em plar in Ventral ansicht (Taf. 2c hier).
Palaeoemys hessiaca Schleich 1994
Karl 2018 1 specimen
NMM / LS PW 1995/ 29-LS: Xiphi plastron sin.
Eochersis eiflaensis n. gen., n. sp. Karl 2018
Karl 2018 6 specimens
NMM / LS PW o.Nr. [XIII]: Brücken peripherale m. Sutur; PW 1997/83-LS: Panzer frag ment in Tuff (Entoplastron l>b, 6P/ 4/ 8/ 4/ 8/-); PW o.Nr.: Peri pher ale (h = 55,83, bprox = 46,75, bdist = 53,09, dprox = 17,30 mm); PW 1997/48-LS: postero laterales Peripherale; PW 1997/40-LS: postero laterales Peripherale; PW 2000/190- LS: Brücken peripherale.
Reptilia - Testudines - Chelydridae
Chelydrasia decheni (Meyer 1852)
Karl 2018 7 specimens
recombined as Chelydropsis decheni
NMM / LS PW 1995/28-LS: Schädelfrag ment (l = 67,96, b = 40,52 mm); o.Nr.[II]: Peri pherale antero lateral, ex HT; o.Nr.: Hyoplastron frag ment sin. (l = 45,69, bprox = 35,38, bdist= 31,82 mm); PW 1991/188-LS: Hyoplastron fragment sin., HAT; PW 1997/32- LS: Hypo plastron und Xiphi plastron dex.; PW 1997/55-LS: antero laterales Peri pherale.
Mammalia - Primates - Notharctidae
Europolemur klatti Weigelt 1933
Franzen 2004
Periconodon sp. Stehlin 1916
Franzen 2004
Mammalia - Rodentia - Ischyromyidae
Ailuravus picteti Rütimeyer 1891
Franzen 2004
Mammalia - Dichobunidae
Hyperdichobune hammeli Sudre 1978
Franzen 2004
Lutzia eckfeldensis Franzen 1994
Franzen 2004
Neufferia manderscheidi Franzen 1994
Franzen 2004
Mammalia - Cebochoeridae
Gervachoerus cf. jaegeri (Sudre 1978)
Franzen 2004
Cebochoerus cf. ruetimeyeri Stehlin 1908
Franzen 2004
Mammalia - Choeropotamidae
Haplobunodon solodurense Stehlin 1908
Franzen 2004
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Palaeotheriidae
Propalaeotherium isselanum (Cuvier 1824)
Franzen 2004
original and current combination Palaeotherium isselanum
Palaeotherium castrense Noulet 1863
Franzen 2004
"Palaeotherium castrense castrense"
Paraplagiolophus codiciensis (Gaudry 1865)
Franzen 2004
original and current combination Plagiolophus codiciensis
Propalaeotherium voigti (Matthes 1977)
Franzen 2004
Propalaeotherium parvulum (Laurillard 1849)
Franzen 2004
original and current combination Lophiodon parvulum
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Lophiodontidae
Lophiodon leptorhynchum Filhol 1888
Franzen 2004
Insecta - Hemiptera - Cydnidae
Cydnidae informal indet. 1 (Billberg 1820)
Wappler 2003
Cydnidae informal indet. 2 (Billberg 1820)
Wappler 2003
Cydnidae informal indet. 3 (Billberg 1820)
Wappler 2003
Cydnidae informal indet. 4 (Billberg 1820)
Wappler 2003
Insecta - Orthoptera
Orthoptera indet. Olivier 1789
Wappler 2003 6 specimens
Insecta - Coleoptera - Cupedidae
Cupes lutzi n. sp. Kirejtshuk 2020
Kirejtshuk 2020 1 specimen
PE 200001141 (1 measurement)
Cupes golovatchi n. sp. Kirejtshuk 2020
Kirejtshuk 2020 1 specimen
PE 200001146 (1 measurement)
Cupes legalovi n. sp. Kirejtshuk 2020
Kirejtshuk 2020 1 specimen
PE 1992000522 (1 measurement)
Insecta - Coleoptera - Chrysomelidae
Chrysomelidae indet. (Latreille 1802)
Wappler 2003
original and current combination Chrysomelinae
Alticinae indet. (Newman 1834)
Wappler 2003
original and current combination Halticinae
Insecta - Coleoptera - Brentidae
Apioninae informal indet. 3 (Schoenherr 1823)
Wappler 2003
original and current combination Apionidae
Apioninae informal indet. 4 (Schoenherr 1823)
Wappler 2003 271 specimens
original and current combination Apionidae
Insecta - Coleoptera - Eucnemidae
Eucnemidae indet. Eschscholtz 1829
Wappler 2003
Insecta - Coleoptera - Elateridae
Agrypnus sp. Eschscholtz 1829
Wappler 2003 29 specimens
Agrypnus informal sp 1
Wappler 2003
Agrypnus informal sp 2
Wappler 2003 6 specimens
Agrypnus informal sp 3
Wappler 2003 3 specimens
Agrypnus informal sp 4
Wappler 2003 1 specimen
Agrypnus informal sp 5
Wappler 2003 1 specimen
Agrypnus informal sp 6
Wappler 2003 1 specimen
Macropunctum rebugense Tröster 1994
Wappler 2003 10 specimens
Macropunctum angustiscutellum Tröster 1994
Wappler 2003 4 specimens
Macropunctum angulosum Tröster 1999
Wappler 2003 2 specimens
Macropunctum messelense (Tröster 1991)
Wappler 2003 91 specimens
most common Macropunctum making up 48%
Macropunctum senckenbergi Tröster 1994
Wappler 2003 7 specimens
Macropunctum eocaenicum (Meunier 1921)
Wappler 2003 23 specimens
original and current combination Ancylochira eocaenica
Macropunctum meunieri Tröster 1991
Wappler 2003 24 specimens
Insecta - Coleoptera - Buprestidae
Coroebini informal indet. 1 Bedel 1921
Wappler 2003 34 specimens
corrected as Coraebini
Insecta - Coleoptera - Scarabaeidae
Melolonthinae indet. (Leach 1819)
Wappler 2003
Scarabaeinae indet. Latreille 1802
Wappler 2003 1 specimen
Cetoniinae indet. (Leach 1815)
Wappler 2003 15 specimens
original and current combination Schizorhinini
15 specimens poorly preserved likely to different morphgroups
unclassified
cf. Sargentodoxa sp. seed/fruit
Sargentodoxaceae
Plicatopollis hungaricus microspore
Juglandaceae
Plicatopollis lunatus microspore
Juglandaceae
Plicatopollis potoniei microspore
Juglandaceae
Plicatopollis plicatus microspore (Potonié 1934)
Juglandaceae
Mastixiaceae
Mastixiaceae indet. microspore, seed/fruit Calestani 1905
Chlorococcaceae
Tetraedron sp. marine palyn Kutzing 1845
Algae (Botryoccaceae); unicells
Sagrinae
Sagrinae indet. (Leach 1815)
Wappler 2003 28 specimens
unclassified
Tetracolporopollenites spp. microspore
Sapotaceae "T. spp. div."
Trivestibulopollenites betuloides microspore
Betulaceae s.l. (Betula)
Acrostichum sp. leaf Linnaeus 1753
Polypodiaceae s.l.
Tricolpopollenites asper microspore
Fagaceae (Quercus)
Tricolpopollenites retiformis microspore Thomson and Pflug 1953
Salicaceae
see common names

Geography
Country:Germany State/province:Eifel County:Eckfeld
Coordinates: 50.1° North, 6.8° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:47.0° North, 3.0° East
Basis of coordinate:based on nearby landmark
Geographic resolution:small collection
Time
Period:Paleogene Epoch:Eocene
Stage:Lutetian 10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 2
*Period:Late/Upper Tertiary *Epoch:Middle Eocene
*Local age/stage:Late/Upper Geiseltalian
Key time interval:MP 13 Zone: MP 13
Age range of interval:47.80000 - 41.20000 m.y. ago
* legacy (obsolete) database fields
Stratigraphy
Formation:Eifel
Stratigraphic resolution:bed
Stratigraphy comments: The Eifel is the German part of the outcropping Variscan Basement west of the river Rhine and nort of the river Mosel.
"MP 13... recently dated at 44.3 +/- 0.4 million years BP (Mertz et al. 2000)" (Franzen 2004)
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology:planar lamination siltstone
Secondary lithology:planar lamination "shale"
Includes fossils?Y
Includes fossils?Y
Lithology description: ...laminitic "oilshales" and siltstones... with frequent turbiditic intercalations... plant macrofossils are ... distributed throughout the sequence under investigation. ... coarse and robust plant debris such as wood fragments and large fruits/seeds is concentrated in the turbiditic layers. (Wilde and Frankenhauser 1998).
Environment:crater lake Tectonic setting:volcanic basin
Geology comments: "a small freshwater [crater] lake a few hundred meters in diameter" (Franzen 2004)
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:mold/impression,adpression,original carbon
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Collection methods and comments
Collection excludes:difficult macrofossils
Collection methods:selective quarrying,surface (in situ),field collection
Reason for describing collection:taxonomic analysis
Collection method comments: Repository: Naturhistorisches Museum, Landessammlung für NaturLandessammlung für Naturkunde Rheinland-Pfalz, Mainz
Metadata
Database number:24201
Authorizer:H. Sims, J. Alroy, E. Vlachos, M. Clapham Enterer:H. Lindon, E. Vlachos, M. Clapham, H. Sims, J. Cassara, J. Karr, J. Alroy
Modifier:M. Clapham Research group:paleobotany,paleoentomology
Created:2002-08-02 05:08:31 Last modified:2020-02-23 22:42:03
Access level:the public Released:2002-08-02 05:08:31
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
6814. V. Wilde and H. Frankenhauser. 1998. The Middle Eocene plant taphocoenosis from Eckfeld (Eifel, Germany). Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 101:7-28 [H. Sims/H. Lindon/H. Lindon]

Secondary references:

28398 J. L. Franzen. 2004. First fossil primates from Eckfeld Maar, Middle Eocene (Eifel, Germany). Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae 97(2):213-220 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
76228 H.-V. Karl. 2018. Die Schildkröten aus den Mitteleozänen Sedimenten des Eckfelder Maares mit taxonomischen Notizen zu Testudo eocaenica Hummel, 1935 (Mitteleozän, Deutschland, Rheinland-Pfalz, Vulkaneifel). Mainzer naturwiss. Archiv 55:61-95 [E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos]
71758 A. G. Kirejtshuk. 2020. Taxonomic review of fossil coleopterous families (Insecta, Coleoptera). Suborder Archostemata: Superfamilies Coleopseoidea and Cupedoidea. Geosciences 10(73) [M. Clapham/M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
43376 T. Wappler. 2003. Systematik, Phylogenie, Taphonomie und Paläoökologie der Insekten aus dem Mittel-Eozän des Eckfelder Maares, Vulkaneifel. Clausthaler Geowissenschaften 2:1-241 [M. Clapham/J. Karr]