Garra Formation Type Area, Beds 2 through 97: Lochkovian, Australia

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
unclassified
Hyalospongea indet. Vosmaer 1886
Selatodex sp.
Conodonta
Conodonta indet.
Conodonta - Prioniodontida
Oulodus aclys
Conodonta - Panderodontida - Panderodontidae
Panderodus recurvatus (Rhodes 1953)
synonym of Panderodus panderi
Panderodus unicostatus (Branson and Mehl 1933)
original and current combination Paltodus unicostatus
Conodonta - Protopanderodontida - Protopanderodontidae
Drepanodus sp. Pander 1856
Conodonta - Ozarkodinida - Spathognathodontodae
Ozarkodina excavata (Branson and Mehl 1933)
recombined as Hindeodella excavata
Crinoidea
Crinoidea indet. Miller 1821
Lingulata - Lingulida - Discinidae
Orbiculoidea sp. d'Orbigny 1847
Strophomenata - Orthotetida - Areostrophiidae
Eoschuchertella burrenensis
Strophomenata - Orthotetida - Chilidiopsidae
Iridistrophia mawsonae n. sp.
Strophomenata - Productida - Productellidae
? Spinulicosta sp.
Strophomenata - Strophomenida - Douvillinidae
Cymostrophia sp. Caster 1939
Rhynchonellata - Pentamerida - Parastrophinidae
Grayina magnifica
spelled with current rank as Anastrophia (Grayina)
Rhynchonellata - Pentamerida - Gypidulidae
Gypidula pelagica
Rhynchonellata - Atrypida - Punctatrypidae
Reticulatrypa fairhillensis
Punctatrypa sp.
Rhynchonellata - Atrypida
Atrypacea indet. Gill 1871
Rhynchonellata - Atrypida - Atrypidae
Atrypa reticularis (Linnaeus 1758)
original and current combination Anomia reticularis
Desquamatia sp. Alekseeva 1960
Rhynchonellata - Atrypida - Atrypinidae
Spirigerina (Spirigerina) supramarginalis (Khalfin 1948)
Ogilviella ptyarion n. sp.
replaced by Rhynchogilviella
Atrypina cf. erugata Amsden 1968
Rhynchonellata - Spiriferida - Delthyrididae
Howellella talenti n. sp.
Rhynchonellata - Spiriferida - Reticulariidae
? Reticularia sp. Frederiks 1915
Proreticularia ? beddiei
synonym of Alaskospira
Reticulariopsis sp.
Rhynchonellata - Spiriferida - Xenomartiniidae
Quadrithyrina sp. Havlicek 1959
Rhynchonellata - Spiriferida - Ambocoeliidae
Ambocoelia dorsiplicata
Rhynchonellata - Orthida - Schizophoriidae
Schizophoria sp. King 1850
Rhynchonellata - Orthida - Draboviidae
? Salopina herkion n. sp.
Rhynchonellata - Orthida - Dalmanellidae
Resserella sp. Bancroft 1928
Isorthis sp. Kozlowski 1929
Rhynchonellata - Orthida - Hesperorthidae
Dolerorthis angustimusculus n. sp.
Rhynchonellata - Protorthida - Skenidiidae
Skenidioides cf. robertsensis Johnson et al. 1973
Rhynchonellata - Spiriferinida - Cyrtinidae
Cyrtina imbricata n. sp.
Rhynchonellata - Rhynchonellida - Machaerariidae
Machaeraria catombalense
Rhynchonellata - Rhynchonellida
Rhynchonellacea indet. Gray 1848
replaced by Rhynchonelloidea
Rhynchonellata - Rhynchonellida - Uncinulidae
Uncinulus sp. Bayle 1878
sp. A (quadrate tongue)
Rhynchonellata - Rhynchonellida - Hebetoechiidae
? Sphaerirhynchia sp. Cooper and Muir-Wood 1951
Rhynchonellata - Rhynchonellida - Glossinotoechiidae
? Eoglossinotoechia sp.
Rhynchonellata - Athyridida
Athyridacea indet. M'Coy 1884
Rhynchonellata - Athyridida - Nucleospiridae
Nucleospira sp. Hall 1859
Rhynchonellata - Athyridida - Athyrididae
cf. Buchanathyris cf. waratahensis
? Protathyris sp.
Cephalopoda - Bactritida - Bactritidae
Bactrites sp. Sandberger 1843
Rostroconchia - Conocardiida - Conocardiidae
Conocardium sp. Bronn 1835
sp. A
Gastropoda
Gastropoda indet. Cuvier 1795
opercula
Gastropoda - Bellerophontida
Bellerophon sp. de Montfort 1808
    = Bellerophontoidea indet. M'Coy 1851
Wagner 2023
Gastropoda - Euomphalina - Platyceratidae
Platyceras (Platyceras) sp. Conrad 1840
Gastropoda - Euomphalina - Oriostomatidae
Oriostoma sp. Munier-Chalmas 1876
? Cyclonema wellingtonensis (Etheridge 1898)
recombined as Australonema wellingtonensis
Gastropoda - Euomphalina - Pseudophoridae
cf. Pagodea sp. Perner 1903
Gastropoda - Euomphalina - Omphalotrochidae
Bassotrochus sp. n. sp. Tassell 1978
? Bassotrochus sp. Tassell 1978
Gastropoda - Euomphalina - Euomphalidae
Straparollus (Straparollus) sp. de Montfort 1810
sp. A
Straparollus (Straparollus) sp. n. sp. de Montfort 1810
Straparollus (? Straparollus) sp. de Montfort 1810
Straparollus (? Euomphalus) sp. n. sp. (Sowerby 1814)
original and current combination Euomphalus
Gastropoda - Sinuopeidae
? Umbospira sp. Perner 1903
Gastropoda - Murchisoniina - Subulitidae
Subulites (Fusispira) sp. (Hall 1872)
original and current combination Fusispira
Gastropoda - Murchisoniina
? Murchisonia sp. d'Archiac and de Verneuil 1841
    = ? Murchisonioidea indet. Koken 1896
Wagner 2023
Gastropoda - Murchisoniina - Hormotomidae
? Ptychocaulus sp. (Perner 1907)
Gastropoda - Murchisoniina - Murchisoniidae
Michelia sp. Roemer 1855
genus name in quotes
Gastropoda - Murchisoniina - Porcelliidae
Beraunia inusitata Farrell 1992
recombined as Anoriostoma inusitata
Gastropoda - Murchisoniina - Gosseletinidae
Stenoloron sp. n. sp. (Oehlert and Oehlert 1888)
lower spire
Stenoloron cf. viennayi (Oehlert and Oehlert 1888)
Gastropoda - Murchisoniina
Vetotuba sp. (Etheridge 1890)
sp. A
Gastropoda - Murchisoniina - Loxonematidae
Loxonema sp. Phillips 1841
Stylonema spp.
sp. A and cf. sp. A
Stylonema spp.
sp. C and cf. sp. C
Stylonema sp. Perner 1907
sp. B
Bivalvia
Pelecypoda indet. Goldfuss 1820
synonym of Bivalvia
indet. A, B, C, and D, and others poorly preserved
Bivalvia - Nuculida - Nuculidae
? Nuculoidea sp. Williams and Berger 1916
Bivalvia - Ostreida - Pterineidae
Pterinea sp. Goldfuss 1832
Actinopteria sp. Hall 1884
Leiopteria sp. Hall 1883
spelled with current rank as Leptodesma (Leiopteria)
Polyplacophora - Mattheviidae
Chelodes intermedius
Trilobita
Trilobita indet. Walch 1771
Trilobita - Phacopida
Calymenina indet. Swinnerton 1915
Anthozoa - Rugosa
Rugosa indet. Milne-Edwards and Haime 1850
Anthozoa - Stauriida - Streptelasmatidae
Streptelasma sp. Hall 1847
Anthozoa - Stauriida - Mucophyllidae
Pseudamplexus cf. princeps
Anthozoa - Stauriida - Disphyllidae
? Chalcidophyllum sp. Pedder 1965
Anthozoa - Cystiphyllida - Tryplasmatidae
Tryplasma spp.
Anthozoa - Cystiphyllida - Cystiphyllidae
Microplasma sp. Dybowski 1873
Cystiphyllum sp. Lonsdale 1839
Anthozoa - Cystiphyllida - Goniophyllidae
Rhizophyllum sp. n. sp. Lindström 1866
sp. nov. A
Anthozoa - Heliolitida - Heliolitidae
Heliolites daintreei
Anthozoa - Favositida - Parastriatoporidae
Yacutiopora ? dogdensis
Anthozoa - Favositida - Pachyporidae
? Thamnopora sp. Steininger 1831
Cladopora sp. Hall 1851
Anthozoa - Favositida - Favositidae
Favosites cf. allani
sp. A (cf. F. allani Jones)
Favosites sp. Lamarck 1816
sp. B (digitate)
Favosites cf. nitidus
sp. C (cf. F. 'nitidus' Chapman)
Anthozoa - Favositida - Coenitidae
Coenites sp. Eichwald 1829
sp. A (coarse corallites)
Anthozoa - Auloporida - Auloporidae
Aulopora cf. conglomerata
sp. A (cf. A. c.)
Anthozoa - Auloporida - Syringoporidae
Syringopora sp. Goldfuss 1826
Stromatoporoidea - Stromatoporoidea
Stromatoporoidea indet. Nicholson and Murie 1878
Demospongiae - Clavulina - Clionaidae
Clionolithes sp. Clark 1908
Protremata
Dalmanellacea indet. Schuchert and Cooper 1931
see common names

Geography
Country:Australia State/province:New South Wales
Coordinates: 34.0° South, 148.8° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:5.9° South, 175.1° East
Basis of coordinate:estimated from map
Geographic resolution:local area
Time
Period:Devonian Epoch:Early/Lower Devonian
Stage:Lochkovian 10 m.y. bin:Devonian 1
*International age/stage:Late/Upper Lochkovian
Key time interval:Lochkovian
Age range of interval:419.20000 - 410.80000 m.y. ago
* legacy (obsolete) database fields
Stratigraphy
Formation:Garra
Stratigraphic resolution:formation
Stratigraphy comments: Formation generally regarded as Lochkovian-Pragian, but much of study has been closer to Wellington, where the formation seems to be younger. Conodonts support late Lochkovian age for formation in type area. See PBDB collections 25696-25698 and refs. 7152, 7167, and 7168.
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: grainstone
Includes fossils?Y
Lithology description: Overall the sections studied include calcarenites, calcisiltites, calcilutites, dolomitic limestone, and birdseye limestone near the top. "Beds 2 to 97 are predominantly calcarenites with some calcisiltites. Beds 104 to 512 show greater fluctuations in lithology with a predominance of calcisiltites and minor calcarenites. From bed 518 upwards calcilutites become prominent, calcisiltites subordinate and calcarenites spasmodic."
Environment:marine indet.
Geology comments: "...general pattern of fining of sediments [upward] is consistent with the hypothesized change from a shallow-water gastropod community to a deeper-water brachiopod-dominated community...These data re-enforce Talent and Yolkin's (1987) interpretation of a major transgression-regression cycle, "Garra 1", through this sequence of limestones in the Garra Formation." From Lenz and Johnson, ref. 7167: "The Garra limestones are the product of relatively shallow water deposition; the lower approximately one-third of the formation represents a progressive transgressive sequence, the middle portion is the product of still-sand and gradual infilling, and the upper one-third represents progressive shallowing to supratidal conditions."
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body,replaced with silica
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Collection methods and comments
Reason for describing collection:biostratigraphic analysis
Collection method comments: Farrell uses quantitative association analysis to recognize three communities. These are: (1) Vetotuba-Spirigerina (S.) supramarginalis Comm., beds 2-97; (2) Platyceras (Orthonychia)-Muiferella Comm., beds. 104-512; (3) Cyrtina-Ogilviella-Howellella Comm., beds 518-1196. Because these sets of beds also differ in predominant lithology, it seems naturally to amalgamate beds into three lists. Abundances given in table 1.
Metadata
Also known as:Vetotuba-Spirigerina (S.) supramarginalis Community
Database number:25705
Authorizer:M. Foote, P. Wagner Enterer:M. Foote, P. Wagner
Modifier:M. Uhen Research group:marine invertebrate
Created:2002-09-23 11:58:06 Last modified:2018-11-15 13:04:40
Access level:the public Released:2002-09-23 11:58:06
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
7169. J. R. Farrell. 1992. The Garra Formation (Early Devonian: Late Lochkovian) between Cumnock and Larras Lee, New South Wales, Australia: stratigraphic and structural setting, faunas, and community sequence. Palaeontographica Abteilung A 222(1-3):1-41 [M. Foote/M. Foote/M. Foote]

Secondary references:

9042 P. J. Wagner. 2023. Paleozoic Gastropod, Rostroconch, Helcionelloid and Tergomyan Database (2006 - 2023). [P. Wagner/P. Wagner/P. Wagner]