Betfia 7 level 1b-e: Early/Lower Pleistocene, Romania
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
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unclassified
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Petauristinae indet.
Miller 1912
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Mammalia
- Chiroptera
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Chiroptera indet.
Blumenbach 1779
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Sciuridae
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Sciurus sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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Marmota sp.
Frisch 1775
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Spermophilus primigenius
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| Spermophilus primigenius sp. | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Zapodidae
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Sicista praeloriger
Kormos 1930
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Muridae
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Micromys ? sp.
Dehne 1841
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| Micromys sp. ? | ||||||||||
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Spalax sp.
Güldenstadt 1770
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Apodemus ex gr. sylvaticus
(Linnaeus 1758)
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| original and current combination Mus sylvaticus | ||||||||||
| Apodemus gr. sylvaticus | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Cricetidae
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Prolagurus praepannonicus
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Clethrionomys ex gr. glareolus
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| synonym of Myodes | ||||||||||
| Clethrionomys gr. glareolus | ||||||||||
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Clethrionomys sp.
Tilesius 1850
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| synonym of Myodes | ||||||||||
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Mimomys pusillus
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Mimomys tornensis
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Microtus pliocaenicus
(Kormos 1932)
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| original and current combination Allophaiomys pliocaenicus | ||||||||||
| Microtus (A.) p. pliocaenicus | ||||||||||
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Ungaromys cf. nanus
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Allocricetus bursae
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Lagurus arankae
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Cricetus cricetus
(Linnaeus 1758)
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| Cricetus cricetus praeglacialis | ||||||||||
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Pliomys episcopalis
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Pliomys lenki
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Gliridae
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Eliomys sp.
Wagner 1840
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Muscardinus dacicus
Kormos 1930
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Glis sackdillingensis
Heller 1930
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Mammalia
- Lagomorpha
- Leporidae
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Lepus sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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Hypolagus brachygnathus
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Mammalia
- Lagomorpha
- Ochotonidae
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Ochotona sp.
Link 1795
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Mammalia
- Erinaceidae
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Erinaceus sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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Mammalia
- Talpidae
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Talpa fossilis
Petenyi 1864
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Mammalia
- Soricidae
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Crocidura sp.
Wagler 1832
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Beremendia fissidens
(Petényi 1864)
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Sorex ex gr. minutus
Linnaeus 1766
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| Sorex gr. minutus | ||||||||||
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Sorex margaritodon
Kormos 1930
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Petenyia hungarica
Kormos 1934
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Ursidae
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Ursus etruscus
Cuvier 1823
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Mustelidae
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Mustela palerminea
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Mustela praenivalis
Kormos 1934
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Gulo schlosseri
Kormos 1914
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| synonym of Gulo gulo | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Felidae
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Megantereon sp.
Croizet and Jobert 1828
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Felis ? issiodorensis
Croizet and Jobert 1828
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| Felis (L.) ? issiodorensis | ||||||||||
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= Lynx ? issiodorensis
Croizet and Jobert 1828
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O'Regan 2003 | |||||||||
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Panthera sp.
Oken 1816
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Canidae
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Canis ? mosbachensis
Soergel 1925
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| Canis sp. (?mosbachensis) | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Cervidae
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Cervidae indet.
Gray 1821
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Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Equidae
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Equus sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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| see common names | ||||||||||
Geography
| Country: | Romania | County: | Bihor |
| Coordinates: | 47.0° North, 22.0° East (view map) | ||
| Paleocoordinates: | 46.9° North, 22.0° East | ||
| Basis of coordinate: | estimated from map |
Time
| Period: | Quaternary | Epoch: | Pleistocene |
| 10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 6 | ||
| Key time interval: | Early/Lower Pleistocene | ||
| Age range of interval: | 2.58000 - 0.77400 m.y. ago |
Stratigraphy
| Stratigraphy comments: Site overview: The site of Betfia 7 has a height of 8m and encompasses four complexes of layers. The first three of these represent the filling of a former cave, containing numerous fragments of speleothemes. Levels 1b-e have been dated to the late Waalian (MIddle Lower Pleistocene, approx. 1.2-1.15Ma). |
Lithology and environment
| Lithology description: the filling of a former cave, containing numerous fragments of speleothemes. | |
| Environment: | cave |
Taphonomy
| Size of fossils: | macrofossils,mesofossils |
| Disassociated major elements: | many |
| Disassociated minor elements: | many |
Collection methods and comments
| Collection methods: | bulk,field collection |
| Reason for describing collection: | biostratigraphic analysis |
| Collection method comments: Sites discovered between 1966 and 1991 and excavated by the Bucharest Speleological Institute and the "Tarii Crisurilor" Museumn of Oradea. | |
| Taxonomic list comments:Taking into account, on the one hand the progressive dental structure of Microtus pliocaenicus and Prolagurus praepannonicus, and on the other the high frequency of Glirids and the emergence of some thermophilus species, we have ascribed the middle and upper parts of this sequence of strata (levels 1b-e) to an interval with a milder climate, corresponding to the late Waalian. | |
Metadata
| Also known as: | Betfia VII/1b-e Somleu Hill | ||
| Database number: | 33973 | ||
| Authorizer: | A. Turner | Enterer: | H. O'Regan |
| Modifier: | H. O'Regan | Research group: | PACED |
| Created: | 2003-08-11 07:17:37 | Last modified: | 2003-09-02 11:52:03 |
| Access level: | the public | Released: | 2003-08-11 07:17:37 |
| Creative Commons license: | CC BY | ||
Reference information
Primary reference:
| 8655. | E. Terzea. 1996. Biochronology of the Pleistocene deposits at Betfia (Bihor, Romania). Acta Zoologica Cracovensia 39(1):531-540 [A. Behrensmeyer/H. O'Regan/H. O'Regan] |