Winter Hill, Gastrioceras cumbriense Marine Band, shale Unit 3: Pendleian - Yeadonian, United Kingdom
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
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Polypodiopsida
- Equisetales
- Calamitaceae
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cf. Calamites sp.
Suckow 1784
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Conodonta
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Conodonta indet.
Pander 1856
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Osteichthyes
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Osteichthyes indet.
Huxley 1880
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| Palaeoniscid scales | ||||||||||
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Elonichthyiformes
- Acrolepididae
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Acrolepis sp.
Agassiz 1833
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Chondrichthyes
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Chondrichthyes indet.
Huxley 1880
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| Teeth | ||||||||||
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Crinoidea
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Crinoidea indet.
Miller 1821
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| [entered as Crinodea indet.] | ||||||||||
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Gastropoda
- Ptychomphalidae
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Ptychomphalus sp.
Agassiz 1839
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Cephalopoda
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Nautiloidea indet.
Agassiz 1847
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| coiled | ||||||||||
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Cephalopoda
- Goniatitida
- Bisatoceratidae
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Homoceratoides aff. divaricatus
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Cephalopoda
- Goniatitida
- Gastrioceratidae
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Gastrioceras cumbriense
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Gastrioceras aff. coronatum
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Gastrioceras aff. subcrenatum
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Gastrioceras spp.
Hyatt 1884
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| Juvenile | ||||||||||
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Cephalopoda
- Goniatitida
- Dimorphoceratidae
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Anthracoceratites sp.
Ramsbottom 1970
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Bivalvia
- Pectinida
- Pterinopectinidae
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Dunbarella elegans
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Bivalvia
- Ostreida
- Posidoniidae
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Posidonia insignis
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Posidonia cf. gibsoni
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Posidonia sp.
Bronn 1828
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Bivalvia
- Ostreida
- Pterineidae
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Caneyella aff. semisulcata
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Lingulata
- Lingulida
- Discinidae
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Orbiculoidea sp.
d'Orbigny 1847
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| see common names | ||||||||||
Geography
| Country: | United Kingdom | State/province: | England | County: | Lancashire |
| Coordinates: | 53.6° North, 2.4° West (view map) | ||||
| Paleocoordinates: | 1.2° South, 6.2° East | ||||
| Basis of coordinate: | based on political unit | ||||
| Geographic resolution: | outcrop |
Stratigraphy
| Formation: | Namurian Series | ||||
| Local section: | Winter Hill | Local bed: | Gastrioceras cumbriense Marine Band, shale Unit 3 | ||
| Local order: | bottom to top | ||||
| Regional section: | Namurian Series of the central Pennines | Regional bed: | Gastrioceras cumbriense Marine Band | ||
| Stratigraphic resolution: | group of beds | ||||
| Stratigraphy comments: The Gastrioceras cumbriense Marine Band generally does not exceed 60cm in thickness. The band is split into five units, the lower barren shales (Unit 1), the advance shales (Unit 2), the acme shales (Unit 3), the retreat shales (Unit 4), and the upper barren shales (Unit 5). | |||||
Lithology and environment
| Primary lithology: | planar lamination,pyritic,black,gray lithified "shale" |
| Includes fossils? | Y |
| Lithology description: Unit 3: The continuing transition and deepening of the sea caused a rapid transition to conditions of black paper shale deposition. The development of the shale appears to be synchronous as it contains a consistant pelagic fauna and has a widespread spatial distripbution throughout the north of England. The shales display planar stratified bedding planes with a spacing of 0.5 to 0.75 mm. There is little evidence for wave or current activity or bioturbation. At all localities the presence of pyrite blebs around which stratification is deflected is believed to indicate primary pore filling as a shallow depth of burial in tyhe sulphate reduction zone. ... The fauna of the balck shale is dominated by the thickshelled goniatite phase at the four easterly localities, whereas a more diverse benthic assemblge occurs as the two westerly localities [includes Winter Hill], wherethe thin-shelled Anthracoceratites and Posidonia predomminate over Gastrioceras. An increase in the thickness of the paper shales to 0.25m at Winter Hill and thei lighter color is presumably attributable to a higher proportion of land-derived clay minerals. | |
| Environment: | marine indet. |
| Glacial or sequence phase: | transgressive |
| Geology comments: The continuing transition and deepening of the sea caused a rapid transition to conditions of black paper shale deposition. | |
Taphonomy
| Modes of preservation: | body |
| Size of fossils: | macrofossils |
Collection methods and comments
| Collection methods: | field collection |
| Reason for describing collection: | paleoecologic analysis |
Metadata
| Also known as: | Winter Hill, Gastrioceras cumbriense Marine Band, shale Unit 3, the acme shale | ||
| Database number: | 41221 | ||
| Authorizer: | J. Alroy | Enterer: | C. Simpson |
| Modifier: | C. Simpson | Research group: | marine invertebrate |
| Created: | 2004-07-09 08:26:47 | Last modified: | 2004-07-09 11:26:48 |
| Access level: | the public | Released: | 2004-07-09 08:26:47 |
| Creative Commons license: | CC BY | ||
Reference information
Primary reference:
| 11076. | P. B. Wignall. 1987. A biofacies analysis of the Gastrioceras cumbriense marine band (Namurian) of the central Pennines. Proceedings of the Yorkshire Geological Society 46(2):111-121 [J. Alroy/C. Simpson/M. Uhen] |