Liuhuanggou bonebed: Late/Upper Oxfordian - Kimmeridgian, China
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Dipnoi
- Ceratodontidae
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Ceratodontidae indet.
Gill 1872
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Martin et al. 2006 | |||||||||
Reptilia
- Choristodera
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Choristodera indet.
Cope 1876
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Richter et al. 2010 | 3 specimens | ||||||||
SGP 2007/6-7, 10 | ||||||||||
Reptilia
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Ceratosauria indet.
(Marsh 1884)
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Martin et al. 2006 | |||||||||
Reptilia
- Avetheropoda
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Carnosauria indet.
Huene 1920
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Martin et al. 2006 | |||||||||
Reptilia
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Thyreophora indet.
Nopcsa 1915
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Martin et al. 2006 | |||||||||
Stegosauria indet.
Marsh 1877
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Martin et al. 2006 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
SGP 2002/001 | ||||||||||
Ankylosauria indet.
Osborn 1923
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Martin et al. 2006 | |||||||||
Ankylosauria sp.
(Osborn 1923)
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Augustin et al. 2020 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
The specimen (SGP 2002/8) is a partially preserved caudal vertebra comprising most of the centrum and the complete right transverse process. | ||||||||||
Reptilia
- Mamenchisauridae
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? Mamenchisauridae indet.
Chao 1965
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Maisch and Matzke 2019 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
SGP 2002/005, tooth | ||||||||||
Reptilia
- Rhamphorhynchidae
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Rhamphorhynchidae indet.
Seeley 1870
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Martin et al. 2006 | |||||||||
"gen. et sp. nov." | ||||||||||
Reptilia
- Crocodyliformes
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Crocodyliformes indet.
(Hay 1930)
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Wings et al. 2010 | |||||||||
Reptilia
- Shartegosuchidae
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Nominosuchus sp.
Efimov 1996
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Wings et al. 2010 | |||||||||
Reptilia
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Mesoeucrocodylia indet.
Whetstone and Whybrow 1983
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Wings et al. 2010 | |||||||||
Theriosuchidae indet.
Kälin 1955
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Martin et al. 2006 | |||||||||
= Theriosuchus sp.
Owen 1878
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Wings et al. 2010 | |||||||||
Reptilia
- Goniopholididae
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Reptilia indet.
Laurenti 1768
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= Sunosuchus sp.
Young 1948
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Martin et al. 2006 | |||||||||
cf. Sunosuchus sp.
Young 1948
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Wings et al. 2010 | |||||||||
Reptilia
- Paramacellodidae
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Paramacellodidae indet.
Estes 1983
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Richter et al. 2010 | 2 specimens | ||||||||
SGP 2007/1-2 | ||||||||||
Reptilia
- Testudines
- Xinjiangchelyidae
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Xinjiangchelys qiguensis n. sp.
Matzke et al. 2004
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Matzke et al. 2004 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
SGP 2000/5, holotype partial skeleton | ||||||||||
Xinjiangchelys radiplicatoides
Brinkman et al. 2013
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Maisch and Matzke 2014 | |||||||||
SGP 2001/34, incomplete posterior half of a plastron, five fragmentary costals and three articulated peripherals | ||||||||||
Mammalia
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Eleutherodon sp.
Kermack et al. 1998
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8 specimens | |||||||||
Previously a single molar (SGP 2001/33) was reported by Maisch et al. (2005) | ||||||||||
= Sineleutherus uyguricus n. gen., n. sp.
Martin et al. 2010
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Martin et al. 2010 | |||||||||
SGP 2003/33, 2001/34, 2005/3, 2005/5, 2004/15, 2004/16, 2004/17, 2004/12 | ||||||||||
Zatheria indet.
McKenna 1975
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Martin et al. 2006 | |||||||||
Nanolestes mackennai n. sp.
Martin et al. 2010
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Martin et al. 2010 | 6 specimens | ||||||||
SGP 2004/4, 2004/41, 2004/33, 2005/2, 2005/14, 2004/14 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Eutriconodonta
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Eutriconodonta indet.
(Kermack et al. 1973)
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Martin et al. 2010 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
SGP 2005/4 | ||||||||||
Docodonta
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Docodonta indet.
Kretzoi 1946
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Martin et al. 2010 | 2 specimens | ||||||||
SGP 2004/10, 2004/26 | ||||||||||
Docodonta
- Docodontidae
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Docodonta indet.
Kretzoi 1946
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14 specimens | |||||||||
SGP 2001/21, 2004/39, 2005/15, 2004/9, 2001/24, 2004/19, 2004/18, 2005/6, 2004/21, 2004/24, 2004/22, 2004/31, 2001/22, 2004/7 | ||||||||||
= Dsungarodon zuoi
Pfretzschner et al. 2005
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Pfretzschner et al. 2005 | |||||||||
SGP 21 - holotype (a right lower molar) | ||||||||||
Docodonta
- Tegotheriidae
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Tegotherium sp.
Tatarinov 1994
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Martin et al. 2010 | 23 specimens | ||||||||
SGP 2001/23, 2005/7, 2004/32, 2004/23, 2004/25, 2004/34, 2005/13, 2004/30, 2004/36, 2004/20, 2004/11, 2005/8, 2004/3, 2004/29, 2001/25, 2004/26, 2004/27, 2004/35, 2004/37, 2005/12, 2004/28, 2004/5, 2004/13 | ||||||||||
Amphibia
- Temnospondyli
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Temnospondyli indet.
(von Zittel 1887)
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Skutschas et al. 2009 | |||||||||
SGP2005–10, SGP2005–11, jaw fragments with teeth. | ||||||||||
Temnospondyli indet.
von Zittel 1887
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1 specimen | |||||||||
SGP 2000/13, an anterior dorsal intercentrum and associated pleurocentrum, a left quadratojugal and some indeterminate fragments | ||||||||||
= ? Brachyopoidea indet.
Lydekker 1885
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Maisch and Matzke 2005 | |||||||||
Caudata indet.
(Scopoli 1777)
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Skutschas et al. 2009 | |||||||||
SGP2005–9, right femur proximal fragment | ||||||||||
Ptycholepiformes
- Ptycholepididae
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Osteichthyes indet.
Huxley 1880
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= cf. Ptycholepididae indet.
Brough 1939
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Martin et al. 2006 | |||||||||
Chondrichthyes
- Hybodontiformes
- Acrodontidae
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Chondrichthyes indet.
Huxley 1880
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= Palaeobates sp.
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Martin et al. 2006 | |||||||||
Chondrichthyes
- Hybodontiformes
- Lonchidiidae
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Polyacrodus sp.
Jaekel 1889
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Martin et al. 2006 | 40 specimens | ||||||||
"sp. nov." | ||||||||||
= Jiaodontus montaltissiums n. gen., n. sp.
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Klug et al. 2010 | |||||||||
SGP 2007/31-38 | ||||||||||
Jiaodontus vedenemus n. sp.
Klug et al. 2010
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Klug et al. 2010 | 50 specimens | ||||||||
SGP 2007/39-46 | ||||||||||
Chondrichthyes
- Hybodontiformes
- Hybodontidae
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Hybodus sp.
Agassiz 1834
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Martin et al. 2006 | 300 specimens | ||||||||
"sp. nov." | ||||||||||
= Hybodus cf. huangnidanensis
Wang 1977
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Klug et al. 2010 | |||||||||
SGP 2007/26–30 | ||||||||||
see common names |
Geography
Country: | China | State/province: | Xinjiang |
Coordinates: | 43.6° North, 87.3° East (view map) | ||
Paleocoordinates: | 42.7° North, 102.1° East | ||
Basis of coordinate: | based on nearby landmark | ||
Altitude: | 867 meters | ||
Geographic resolution: | small collection |
Time
Period: | Jurassic | Epoch: | Late/Upper Jurassic |
10 m.y. bin: | Jurassic 5 | ||
Key time interval: | Late/Upper Oxfordian - Kimmeridgian | ||
Age range of interval: | 157.90000 - 149.20000 m.y. ago |
Stratigraphy
Formation: | Qigu | ||||
Stratigraphic resolution: | bed | ||||
Stratigraphy comments: 520 m above underlying Toutunhe Formation
Fang et al. 2015: Samples from Qigu were dated to ~151–161Ma using detrital zircon analysis |
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: | fine,pebbly,intraclastic,green lithified siltstone |
Secondary lithology: | fine,green,red sandstone |
Includes fossils? | Y |
Includes fossils? | Y |
Lithology description: "unstratified green clay- and siltstones with numerous small clay pebbles. The top of the bonebed develops into an unstratified greenish to reddish fine-grained sandstone" Ref 26705: "a very hard, unstratified, fine siltstone, with occasional larger components. These components include moderately rounded lithoclasts of different sizes...coprolites, and vertebrate teeth and bones." | |
Environment: | fluvial indet. |
Geology comments: "It is possible that the assemblage was transported by a river or stream." |
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation: | body |
Degree of concentration: | -bonebed |
Size of fossils: | macrofossils,mesofossils |
Preservation of anatomical detail: | variable |
Disassociated major elements: | some |
Disassociated minor elements: | some |
Fragmentation: | frequent |
Spatial resolution: | parautochthonous |
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods: | bulk,sieve,field collection |
Reason for describing collection: | taxonomic analysis |
Metadata
Database number: | 47056 | ||
Authorizer: | M. Carrano, R. Benson, E. Dunne, P. Mannion | Enterer: | M. Carrano, E. Dunne, R. Benson, J. Tennant |
Modifier: | G. Varnham | Research group: | vertebrate |
Created: | 2005-02-03 08:23:34 | Last modified: | 2022-02-09 05:40:58 |
Access level: | the public | Released: | 2005-02-03 08:23:34 |
Creative Commons license: | CC BY |
Reference information
Primary reference:
12523. | ETE | M. W. Maisch, A. T. Matzke, F. Grossmann, H. Stöhr, H.-U. Pfretzschner and G. Sun. 2005. The first haramiyoid mammal from Asia. Naturwissenschaften 92:403-44 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |
Secondary references:
80585 | F. J. Augustin, A. T. Matzke, M. W. Maisch and H. U. Pfretzschner. 2020. First evidence of an ankylosaur (Dinosauria, Ornithischia) from the Jurassic Qigu Formation (Junggar Basin, NW China) and the early fossil record of Ankylosauria. Geobios 61:1-10 [E. Dunne/E. Dunne] | |
34389 | ETE | S. Klug, T. Tütken, O. Wings, H.-U. Pfretzschner, and T. Martin. 2010. A Late Jurassic freshwater shark assemblage (Chondrichthyes, Hybodontiformes) from the southern Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, northwest China. Palaeobiology and Palaeoenvironments 90(3):241-257 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |
42357 | M. W. Maisch. 2005. The first haramiyoid mammal from Asia. Naturwissenschaften 92:40-44 [R. Benson/R. Benson] | |
43872 | M. W. Maisch and A. T. Matzke. 2005. Temnospondyl amphibians from the Jurassic of the Southern Junggar Basin (NW China). Palaeontologische Zeitschrift 79(2):285-301 [R. Butler/R. Butler] | |
53850 | M. W. Maisch and A. T. Matzke. 2014. The turtle Xinjiangchelys radiplicatoides BRINKMAN et al., 2013 (Reptilia: Testudines) from the Lower Qigu Formation (Upper Jurassic) of Liuhuanggou, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China. Palaeodiversity 7:133-147 [P. Mannion/J. Tennant] | |
67888 | M. W. Maisch and A. T. Matzke. 2019. First record of a eusauropod (Dinosauria: Sauropoda) from the Upper Jurassic Qigu-Formation (southern Junggar Basin, China), and a reconsideration of Late Jurassic sauropod diversity in Xinjiang. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen 291(1):109-117 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Clapham] | |
17892 | ETE | T. Martin, A. O. Averianov, and H.-U. Pfretzschner. 2006. Palaeoecology of Middle to Late Jurassic vertebrate assemblages from the Fergana and Junggar Basins (Central Asia). 9th International Symposium on Mesozoic Terrestrial Ecosystems and Biota, Abstracts and Proceedings Volu 76-79 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |
40449 | T. Martin, A. O. Averianov, and H.-U. Pfretzschner. 2010. Mammals from the Late Jurassic Qigu Formation in the southern Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, northwest China. Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments 90(3):295-319 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] | |
44007 | A. T. Matzke, M. W. Maisch, G. Sun, H. Pfretzschner, and H. Stöhr. 2004. A new xinjiangchelyid turtle (Testudines, Eucryptodira) from the Jurassic Qigu Formation of the southern Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, North-West China. Palaeontology 47(5):1267-1299 [R. Benson/R. Benson/P. Mannion] | |
44172 | H.−U. Pfretzschner, T. Martin, M. W. Maisch, A. T. Matzke, and G. Sun. 2005. A new docodont mammal from the Late Jurassic of the Junggar Basin in Northwest China. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 50(4):799-808 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion] | |
34474 | ETE | A. Richter, O. Wings, H.-U. Pfretzchner and T. Martin. 2010. Late Jurassic Squamata and possible Choristodera from the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, Northwest China. Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments 90(3):275-282 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |
45989 | P. P. Skutschas, T. Martin, and S. Ge. 2009. The co-occurrence of non-lissamphibian temnospondyls and salamanders in the Late Jurassic of the southern Junggar Basin (Xinjiang autonomous region, NW China). Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS 313(2):143-148 [P. Mannion/J. Tennant] | |
26705 | ETE | O. Wings, H.-U. Pfretzschner, and M. W. Maisch. 2007. The first evidence of a stegosaur (Dinosauria, Ornithischia) from the Jurassic of Xinjiang/China. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie Abhandlungen 243(1):113-118 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |
44948 | O. Wings, D. Schwaz-Wings, H.-U. Pfretzschner and T. Martin. 2010. Overview of Mesozoic crocodylomorphs from the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, Northwest China, and description of isolated crocodyliform teeth from the Late Jurassic Liuhuanggoi locality. Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments 90:283-294 [P. Mannion/J. Tennant/M. Carrano] |