West Runton Freshwater Bed: Middle Pleistocene, United Kingdom

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
unclassified
Abramis brama
Newton 1882
Trgonotherium sp.
Newton 1882
Leciscus rutilus
Newton 1882
Mammalia - Proboscidea - Elephantidae
Mammuthus trogontherii (Pohlig 1885)
Mammalia - Chiroptera - Vespertilionidae
Nyctalus noctula (Schreber 1774)
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae
Equus cf. altidens
Equus sp. Linnaeus 1758
Equus caballus Linnaeus 1758
Newton 1882
Equus caballus-fossilis
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
Rhinoceros etruscus Falconer 1868
Newton 1882
recombined as Stephanorhinus etruscus
Stephanorhinus hundsheimensis (Toula 1902)
Mammalia - Cervidae
Dama dama (Linnaeus 1758)
Cervus elaphus Linnaeus 1758
Alces latifrons (Johnson 1874)
recombined as Cervalces latifrons
Capreolus capreolus (Linnaeus 1758)
Megaloceros verticornis
Megaloceros savini
Mammalia - Bovidae
Bovinae indet. (Gray 1821)
Newton 1882
Bison schoetensacki
Mammalia - Suidae
Sus scrofa Linnaeus 1758
Mammalia - Carnivora - Felidae
Panthera cf. gombaszoegensis (Kretzoi 1938)
Felis sp. Linnaeus 1758
cf. Homotherium sp. Fabrini 1890
Mammalia - Carnivora - Hyaenidae
Crocuta crocuta (Erxleben 1777)
Mammalia - Carnivora - Phocidae
Erignathus barbata (Erxleben 1777)
Newton 1889
recombined as Erignathus barbatus
Phoca sp. Linnaeus 1758
Newton 1882
Mammalia - Carnivora - Ursidae
Ursus spelaeus Rosenmüller 1794
Newton 1882
Ursus deningeri Reichenau 1904
Mammalia - Carnivora - Mustelidae
Pannonictis sp. Kormos 1931
Mustela nivalis Linnaeus 1766
Mustela erminea Linnaeus 1758
Mustela putorius Linnaeus 1758
Martes sp. Frisch 1775
Martes sylvatica
Newton 1882
Lutra simplicidens Thenius 1965
Mammalia - Carnivora - Canidae
Canis lupus Linnaeus 1758
small.
Mammalia - Talpidae
Desmana moschata (Linnaeus 1758)
Talpa minor Freudenberg 1914
Talpa europaea Linnaeus 1758
Talpa europaea Linnaeus 1758
Newton 1882
Mammalia - Soricidae
Beremendia fissidens (Petényi 1864)
Sorex vulgaris
Newton 1882
Sorex pygmaeus
Newton 1882
Sorex minutus Linnaeus 1766
Sorex runtonensis Hinton 1911
Sorex savini Hinton 1911
Neomys newtoni
Mammalia - Erinaceidae
Erinaceus cf. europaeus Linnaeus 1758
Mammalia - Lagomorpha - Leporidae
Lepus sp. Linnaeus 1758
Mammalia - Rodentia - Castoridae
Trogontherium cuvieri Owen 1846
Castor europaeus
Newton 1882
Castor fiber Linnaeus 1758
Mammalia - Rodentia - Cricetidae
Pliomys episcopalis
Clethrionomys glareolus
synonym of Myodes
Arvicola (Evotomys) intermedius n. sp. Newton 1882
Newton 1882
Mimomys savini
Pitymys arvaloides
synonym of Microtus
Pitymys gregaloides
synonym of Microtus
Microtus oeconomus (Pallas 1776)
Microtus cf. arvalis (Pallas 1779)
Arvicola glabeolus
Newton 1882
Arvicola gravalis
Newton 1882
Arvicola gregalis
Newton 1882
Arvicola amphibius (Linnaeus 1758)
Newton 1882
Cricetus cricetus (Linnaeus 1758)
Mammalia - Rodentia - Muridae
Apodemus sylvaticus (Linnaeus 1758)
original and current combination Mus sylvaticus
Mus sylvaticus Linnaeus 1758
Newton 1882
Mammalia - Primates - Cercopithecidae
Macaca sylvanus (Linnaeus 1758)
Reptilia - Colubridae
Natrix natrix Linnaeus 1758
Reptilia - Crotalidae
Vipera berus (Linnaeus 1758)
recombined as Vipera (Pelias) berus
Pelias berus (Linnaeus 1758)
Newton 1882
recombined as Vipera (Pelias) berus
Reptilia - Anguidae
Anguis fragilis Linneaus 1758
Reptilia
Aves indet. Linnaeus 1758
Newton 1882
Reptilia - Charadriiformes - Scolopacidae
Tringa ochropus Linnaeus 1758
Seward et al. 2006
Reptilia - Anseriformes - Anatidae
Anas ? sp. Linnaeus 1758
Newton 1882
Reptilia - Passeriformes - Turdidae
? Turdus merula Linnaeus 1758
Seward et al. 2006
Reptilia - Passeriformes - Sturnidae
Sturnus ? vulgaris Linnaeus 1758
Seward et al. 2006
Reptilia - Passeriformes - Corvidae
Garrulus ? glandarius (Linnaeus 1758)
Seward et al. 2006
Reptilia - Gruiformes - Rallidae
Gallinula chloropus (Linnaeus 1758)
Seward et al. 2006
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Ranidae
Rana arvalis
Rana esculenta
Rana esculenta/ridibunda
Rana arvalis
Holman 1998
Rana sp. Linnaeus 1758
Holman 1998
Rana temporaria Linnaeus 1758
Rana temporaria Linnaeus 1758
Newton 1882
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Bufonidae
Bufo sp. Laurenti 1768
Newton 1882
Bufo bufo (Linnaeus 1758)
original and current combination Rana bufo
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Hylidae
Hyla arborea (Linnaeus 1758)
Holman 1998
original and current combination Rana arborea
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Urodela
Triturus sp. Rafinesque 1815
Holman 1998
Triturus vulgaris (Linnaeus 1758)
Triton cristatus Laurenti 1768
Newton 1882
replaced by Triturus cristatus
Actinopteri - Cypriniformes - Cyprinidae
Leuciscus erythrophthalmus
Newton 1882
Tinca vulgaris
Newton 1882
Barbus ? vulgaris
Newton 1882
Actinopteri - Perciformes
Perca fluviatilis Linnaeus 1758
Newton 1882
Actinopteri - Perciformes - Percidae
Acerina ? vulgaris
Newton 1882
Actinopteri - Esociformes - Esocidae
Esox lucius
Newton 1882
see common names

Geography
Country:United Kingdom State/province:Norfolk
Coordinates: 52.9° North, 1.2° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:52.9° North, 1.2° East
Basis of coordinate:based on nearby landmark
Time
Period:Quaternary Epoch:Pleistocene
Stage:Chibanian 10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 6
Key time interval:Middle Pleistocene
Age range of interval:0.77400 - 0.12900 m.y. ago
Stratigraphy
Formation:Cromer Forest Bed Member:Freshwater Bed
Stratigraphy comments: Early Middle Pleistocene. Cromerian stratotype. Pollen substage 2.
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: not reported
Environment:terrestrial indet.
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Size of fossils:macrofossils,mesofossils,microfossils
Collection methods and comments
Reason for describing collection:biostratigraphic analysis
Collection method comments: Temperate climate. Temperate woodland, grass and herbs with alder carr, reedswamp and aquatic vegetation close by.
Metadata
Also known as:WRFB
Database number:49816
Authorizer:A. Turner, M. Uhen, E. Vlachos Enterer:H. O'Regan, E. Vlachos, M. Uhen
Modifier:M. Uhen Research group:PACED
Created:2005-04-27 07:21:46 Last modified:2022-10-04 11:30:53
Access level:the public Released:2005-04-27 07:21:46
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
13380.PACED A. J. Stuart. 1995. Insularity and Quaternary vertebrate faunas in Britain and Ireland. In R. C. Preece, ed., Island Britain: a Quaternary perspective. Geological Society Special Publication No. 96, London. 111-125 [A. Turner/H. O'Regan/H. O'Regan]

Secondary references:

82759 M. Cherin. 2017. New material of Lutra simplicidens (Carnivora, Mustelidae, Lutrinae), a key taxon fro understanding the evolution of European otters. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 123(3):433-441 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
66368 J. A. Holman. 1998. Pleistocene Amphibians and Reptiles in Britain and Europe. Oxford Monographs on Geology and Geophysics 1-265 [E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos]
26261 E. T. Newton. 1882. The Vertebrata of the Forest Bed Series of Norfolk and Suffolk. Memoirs of the Geological Survey. England and Wales 1-143 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
16564 E. T. Newton. 1889. Some additions to the vertebrate fauna of the Norfolk "preglacial Forest Bed" with description of a new species of deer (Cervus rectus). Geological Magazine 6(4):145-149 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
40735 L. Seward, S. D. Chapman, and A. P. Currant. 2006. A catalogue of British Pleistocene birds identified by Colin JO Harrison and stored in the Natural History Museum, London, (Department of Palaeontology). Historical Biology 18(2):235-254 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]