Thotobolo ea 'Ma-beata (zone A/4): Norian, Lesotho
collected by M. Motsoane, P. Ellenberger, A. Crompton 1955- 1956, 1959, 1963, 1970
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
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Gymnospermopsida
- Corystospermales
- Corystospermaceae
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Dicroidium sp.
Gothan 1912
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Ellenberger 1970 | |||||||||
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Reptilia
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Melanorosauridae indet.
Huene 1929
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Ellenberger and Ellenberger 1956 | 7 individuals | ||||||||
| "near Melanorosaurus or Plateosauravus" | ||||||||||
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= Euskelosaurus browni
Huxley 1866
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Ellenberger and Ginsburg 1966 | |||||||||
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= "Thotobolosaurus" mabeatae n. sp.
Ellenberger 1970
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Ellenberger 1970 | |||||||||
| "Bête de Maphutseng", "Maphutseng Dinosaur"; MNHN.F.LES375 | ||||||||||
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= Kholumolumo ellenbergerorum n. gen., n. sp.
Peyre de Fabrègues and Allain 2020
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Peyre de Fabrègues and Allain 2020 | |||||||||
| MNHN.F.LES381m, R tibia; MNHN.F.LES153, incomplete L postorbital; MNHN.F.LES54, incomplete R postorbital; MNHN.F.LES169, posterior cervical vertebra; MNHN.F.LES397, incomplete anterior dorsal vertebral neural arch; MNHN.F.LES32, incomplete middle dorsal vertebra; MNHN.F.LES155, sacral vertebra; MNHN.F.LES168 and MNHN.F.LES376, 2 incomplete anterior caudal vertebrae; MNHN.F.LES386, L scapula; MNHN.F.LES379, L humerus; MNHN.F.LES159, R ulna; MNHN.F.LES147, R radius; MNHN.F.LES26, R metacarpal I; MNHN.F.LES92, L metacarpal II (MNHN.F.LES92); MNHN.F.LES93, R metacarpal III; MNHN.F.LES76, incomplete R metacarpal IV; MNHN.F.LES29, L phalanx I-1; MNHN.F.LES375a, R ilium; MNHN.F.LES378, L pubis; MNHN.F.LES152, incomplete L ischium; MNHN.F.LES394, R femur; MNHN.F.LES37, R fibula; MNHN.F.LES89, L metatarsal I; MNHN.F.LES81, L metatarsal II; MNHN.F.LES82, L metatarsal III; MNHN.F.LES77, L metatarsal V | ||||||||||
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Gryponyx sp.
Broom 1911
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Ellenberger and Ginsburg 1966 | 2 specimens | ||||||||
| teeth | ||||||||||
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= Rauisuchia indet.
Huene 1942
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Peyre de Fabrègues and Allain 2020 | |||||||||
| invalid subgroup of Suchia | ||||||||||
| see common names | ||||||||||
Geography
| Country: | Lesotho | State/province: | Mohale's Hoek |
| Coordinates: | 30.2° South, 27.5° East (view map) | ||
| Paleocoordinates: | 50.9° South, 1.5° West | ||
| Basis of coordinate: | based on nearby landmark | ||
| Geographic resolution: | small collection |
Time
| Period: | Triassic | Epoch: | Late/Upper Triassic |
| Stage: | Norian | 10 m.y. bin: | Triassic 4 |
| Key time interval: | Norian | ||
| Age range of interval: | 227.00000 - 208.50000 m.y. ago |
Stratigraphy
Lithology and environment
| Primary lithology: | lenticular sandstone |
| Secondary lithology: | claystone |
| Includes fossils? | Y |
| Environment: | lacustrine indet. |
| Geology comments: "a sort of hard-ground lake" | |
Taphonomy
| Modes of preservation: | body |
| Degree of concentration: | concentrated |
| Size of fossils: | macrofossils |
| Preservation of anatomical detail: | good |
| Associated major elements: | many |
| Disassociated major elements: | some |
| Disassociated minor elements: | some |
| Fragmentation: | frequent |
Collection methods and comments
| Collection methods: | selective quarrying,surface (float),surface (in situ),field collection | ||
| Reason for describing collection: | taxonomic analysis | ||
| Collectors: | M. Motsoane, P. Ellenberger, A. Crompton | Collection dates: | Aug 1955-Feb 1956, 1959, 1963, 1970 |
Metadata
| Also known as: | Maphutseng Bone Bed, Euskelosaurus cemetery | ||
| Database number: | 56018 | ||
| Authorizer: | M. Carrano | Enterer: | M. Carrano |
| Modifier: | M. Carrano | Research group: | vertebrate |
| Created: | 2005-11-10 10:53:07 | Last modified: | 2023-10-31 15:31:27 |
| Access level: | the public | Released: | 2005-11-10 10:53:07 |
| Creative Commons license: | CC BY | ||
Reference information
Primary reference:
| 16653. | ETE | P. Ellenberger. 1955. Note préliminaire sur les pistes et les restes osseux de Vertébrés du Basutoland (Afrique du Sud) [Prelimiinary note on the trackways and bony remains of vertebrates from Basutoland (southern Africa)]. Comptes Rendus des Séances de l'Academie des Sciences, Paris 240:889-891 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |
Secondary references:
| 15107 | ETE | F. Ellenberger and P. Ellenberger. 1956. Le gisement de Dinosauriens de Maphutseng (Basutoland, Afrique du Sud) [The Maphutseng dinosaur locality (Basutoland, South Africa)]. Comptes Rendus de la Société géologique de France 1956:99-101 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |
| 30847 | ETE | F. Ellenberger, P. Ellenberger, and L. Ginsburg. 1969. The appearance and evolution of dinosaurs in the Trias and Lias: a comparison between South African Upper Karoo and western Europe based on vertebrate footprints. Gondwana Stratigraphy, IUGS Symposium, Buenos Aires, 1-15 October 1967; UNESCO, Paris 2:333-354 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |
| 16652 | ETE | F. Ellenberger and L. Ginsburg. 1966. Le gisement de Dinosauriens triasiques de Maphutseng (Basutoland) et l'origine des Sauropodes [The Triassic dinosaur locality of Maphutseng (Basutoland) and the origin of sauropods]. Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences à Paris, Série D 262:444-447 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |
| 28154 | ETE | P. Ellenberger. 1970. Les niveaux paléontologiques de première apparition des mammifères primoridaux en Afrique du Sud et leur ichnologie. Establissement de zones stratigraphiques detaillees dans le Stormberg du Lesotho (Afrique du Sud) (Trias Supérieur à Jurassique) [The paleontological levels of the first appearance of primordial mammals in southern Africa and their ichnology. Establishment of detailed stratigraphic zones in the Stormberg of Lesotho (southern Africa) (Upper Triassic to Jurassic). In: S. H. Haughton (ed.), Second Symposium on Gondwana Stratigraphy and Paleontology, International Union of Geological Sciences. Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria 343-370 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |
| 59099 | R. Furon. 1963. Geology of Africa. xii-377 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano] | |
| 28077 | ETE | F.-X. Gauffre. 1993. Biochronostratigraphy of the lower Elliot Formation (southern Africa) and preliminary results on the Maphutseng dinosaur (Saurischia: Prosauropoda) from the same formation of Lesotho. In S. G. Lucas and M. Morales (eds.), The Nonmarine Triassic. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 3:147-149 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |
| 35638 | F. Knoll. 2004. Review of the tetrapod fauna of the "Lower Stormberg Group" of the main Karoo Basin (southern Africa): implication for the age of the Lower Elliot Formation. Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 175(1):73-83 [R. Butler/R. Butler/M. Carrano] | |
| 78574 | B. W. McPhee, A. M. Yates, J. N. Choiniere and F. Abdala. 2014. The complete anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of Antetonitrus ingenipes (Sauropodiformes, Dinosauria): implications for the origins of Sauropoda. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171(1):151-205 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] | |
| 57883 | C. Peyre de Fabrègues and R. Allain. 2016. New material and revision of Melanorosaurus thabanensis, a basal sauropodomorph from the Upper Triassic of Lesotho. PeerJ 4:e1639:1-32 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] | |
| 72974 | C. Peyre de Fabrègues and R. Allain. 2020. Kholumolumo ellenbergerorum, gen. et sp. nov., a new early sauropodomorph from the lower Elliot Formation (Upper Triassic) of Maphutseng, Lesotho. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 39(6):e1732996:1-32 [E. Dunne/E. Dunne/M. Carrano] | |
| 62678 | O. A. Reig. 1970. The Proterosuchia and the early evolution of the archosaurs; an essay about the origin of a major taxon. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 139(5):229-292 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] | |
| 86234 | L. Sciscio, E. M. Bordy, M. G. Lockley and M. Abrahams. 2023. Basal sauropodomorph locomotion: ichnological lessons from the Late Triassic trackways of bipeds and quadrupeds (Elliot Formation, main Karoo Basin). PeerJ 11:e15970:1-44 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |