Vălioara-Budurone (VB): Early/Lower Maastrichtian, Romania
collected by Grigorescu 1996-1998

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
unclassified
Cigulatisporites sp.
Csiki et al. 2008
Polypodiaceosporites sp.
Csiki et al. 2008
Interpollis sp.
Csiki et al. 2008
Nudopollis cf. terminalis
Csiki et al. 2008
Occulopollis sp.
Csiki et al. 2008
Interporopollenites cf. nagyae
Csiki et al. 2008
Interporopollenites sp.
Csiki et al. 2008
Interpollis supplingensis
Csiki et al. 2008
Labrapollis sp.
Csiki et al. 2008
Minorpollis sp.
Csiki et al. 2008
Nudopollis thiergartii
Csiki et al. 2008
Pseudovacuopollis sp.
Csiki et al. 2008
Triatrioporopollenites sp.
Csiki et al. 2008
Eustagnicola cretacea
Csiki et al. 2008
Ajkaia cf. gregari
Csiki et al. 2008
Rognacia abreviata
Csiki et al. 2008
Arionta precursor
Csiki et al. 2008
Lycopodiopsida - Lycopodiales - Lycopodiaceae
Lycopodiumsporites sp. Delcourt and Sprumont 1955
Csiki et al. 2008
Lycopodiumsporites clavatoides Couper 1958
Csiki et al. 2008
Lycopodiopsida - Selaginellales
Camarozonosporites insignis Norris 1967
Csiki et al. 2008
Angiospermae - Proteales
Triatriopollenites sp. Thomson and Pflug 1953
Csiki et al. 2008
Angiospermae - Buxales
Polypodiidites sp. Potonié 1966
Csiki et al. 2008
Pteridopsida
Cyathidites sp. Couper 1953
Csiki et al. 2008
Cyathidites australis Couper 1953
Csiki et al. 2008
Leiotriletes sp. Potonie and Kremp 1954
Csiki et al. 2008
Polypodiopsida - Polypodiaceae
Laevigatosporites ovatus Wilson and Webster 1946
Csiki et al. 2008
Polypodiopsida - Gleicheniaceae
Gleicheniidites sp. Dettmann 1963
Csiki et al. 2008
Polypodiopsida - Schizaeales
Appendicisporites tricarinatus
Csiki et al. 2008
Appendicisporites sp. Weyland and Greifeld 1953
Csiki et al. 2008
Polypodiopsida - Schizaeales - Schizaeaceae
Cicatricosisporites sp. Potonie and Gelletich 1933
Csiki et al. 2008
Cicatricosisporites dorogensis Potonie and Gelletich 1933
Csiki et al. 2008
Ginkgoopsida - Ephedrales
Ephedripites jansonii Muller 1968
Csiki et al. 2008
unclassified
Rouseisporites simplex Dettmann 1963
Csiki et al. 2008
Bryopsida
Stereisporites stereoides Pflug 1953
Csiki et al. 2008
Equisetopsida - Cupressales
Inaperturopollenites dubius Thomson and Pflug 1953
Csiki et al. 2008
unclassified
Carpolithes spp.
Csiki et al. 2008
about 15 indeterminate species
Alisporites bilateralis Rouse 1959
Csiki et al. 2008
Actinopteri
Teleostei indet. Müller 1846
1 specimen
vertebra
Actinopteri - Lepisosteiformes - Lepisosteidae
Lepisosteidae indet. Cuvier 1825
Csiki et al. 2008
scales; FGGUB v.401
Atractosteus sp. Rafinesque 1820
Csiki et al. 2008
Lepisosteus sp. Agassiz 1843
Csiki et al. 2008
Reptilia
Csiki et al. 2008 1 specimen
synonym of Paronychodon
FGGUB R.1826
Reptilia - Rhabdodontidae
Zalmoxes sp. Weishampel et al. 2003
Csiki et al. 2008
FGGUB R.1812
Reptilia
Telmatosaurus sp. Nopcsa 1903
Csiki et al. 2008
Reptilia - Titanosauridae
Megaloolithidae indet. Zhao 1979
Csiki et al. 2008
Reptilia
Theriosuchus sp. Owen 1878
Martin et al. 2014
Teeth
cf. Allodaposuchus precedens Nopcsa 1928
2 specimens
FGGUB
Doratodon sp. Seeley 1881
Csiki et al. 2008
FGGUB
Scincomorpha indet. Camp 1923
Csiki et al. 2008 2 specimens
FGGUB v.481, 482
Reptilia - Slavoiidae
? Slavoia sp. Sulimski 1984
Csiki et al. 2008 1 specimen
FGGUB v.470
Reptilia - Lacertilia
Lacertilia indet. Owen 1842
indeterminate lizards
Reptilia
Kallokibotion sp. Nopcsa 1923
Csiki et al. 2008
Amphibia - Temnospondyli
Anura indet. (Fischer von Waldheim 1813)
Csiki et al. 2008
FGGUB v.438
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Discoglossidae
cf. Bakonybatrachus sp. Szentesi and Venczel 2012
Venczel et al. 2016
LPG(FGGUB) v. 452
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Alytidae
Eodiscoglossus sp. Villalta 1957
22 specimens
    = Paralatonia transylvanica n. gen., n. sp. Venczel and Csiki 2003
Csiki et al. 2008
FGGUB v.455 - holotype (partial left ilium) and referred specimens: FGGUB v. 446, v. 447, v. 448, v. 402, v. 461, v. 462 (partial maxillae); FGGUB v. 449, v. 450, v. 403, v. 404 & v. 405 (partial prearticulars); FGGUB v. 442 & v. 443 (partial scapulae); FGGUB v. 410, v. 439 , v. 409 & v. 411 (partial ilia)
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Albanerpetontidae
Albanerpeton sp. Estes and Hoffstetter 1976
2 specimens
FGGUB v.414
Gastropoda - Heterostropha - Lymnaeidae
Lymnaea maastrichta
Csiki et al. 2008
Lymnaea dilatata (Noulet 1854)
Csiki et al. 2008
Gastropoda - Heterostropha - Physidae
Aplexa galloprovincialis
Csiki et al. 2008
Physa patula
Csiki et al. 2008
Gastropoda - Heterostropha - Pyramidulidae
Pyramidula grigorescui
Csiki et al. 2008
Lingulata - Acrotretida - Eoconulidae
Eoconulus sp. Cooper 1956
Csiki et al. 2008
unclassified
Trudopollis sp. Pflug 1953
Csiki et al. 2008
Plicapollis sp. Pflug 1953
Csiki et al. 2008
Subtriporopollenites annulatus
Csiki et al. 2008
see common names

Geography
Country:Romania State/province:Hunedoara
Coordinates: 45.6° North, 22.8° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:32.7° North, 21.0° East
Basis of coordinate:based on nearby landmark
Geographic resolution:small collection
Time
Period:Cretaceous Epoch:Late/Upper Cretaceous
Stage:Maastrichtian 10 m.y. bin:Cretaceous 8
Key time interval:Early/Lower Maastrichtian
Age range of interval:72.10000 - 66.00000 m.y. ago
Stratigraphy
Formation:Densuş-Ciula Member:Middle
Stratigraphic resolution:bed
Stratigraphy comments: Close to the base of the Densuș-Ciula succession, in the basal part of the ‘middle member’, and are thus most probably of earliest to early Maastrichtian in age (Csiki-Sava et al., 2016). This age assessment is congruent with the 71.3+/-1.6 Ma K-Ar radiometric age reported by Bojar et al. (2011) from a tuff layer situated slightly to the west (Botfalvai et al. 2021)
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology:concretionary,micaceous,pyritic,black,gray,blue silty mudstone
Secondary lithology:"cross stratification",coarse sandstone
Includes fossils?Y
Lithology description: "dark, grey-bluish to blackish mudstones"; includes pyrite concretions. Fossiliferous bed is "a well-sorted, micaceous silty mudstone, over 1 m thick, wedged between two 40-cm thick lithons of coarse sandstones showing graded bedding, in the median part of the succession. The dark-colored, blackish-slightly bluish silty mudstone is massive, without evident macroscopic sedimentary structures; it contains small, framboidal pyrite concretions and a large quantity of fusinite (charcoal) fragments, sometimes up to 0.5-0.7 cm long."
Environment:wet floodplain
Geology comments: "a poorly drained alluvial plain, with areas of high water saturation and ponding, but also influenced by fluvial sedimentary processes from nearby channels (probably as crevasse splay deposits, judging from the sheet-like geometry of the coarser beds and lack of identifiable channel-linked structures within them)."
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Degree of concentration:concentrated
Size of fossils:mesofossils,microfossils
Preservation of anatomical detail:good
Disassociated major elements:many
Disassociated minor elements:many
Fragmentation:frequent
Spatial resolution:parautochthonous
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:bulk,sieve,field collection
Rock censused:800 kg
Reason for describing collection:general faunal/floral analysis
Collectors:Grigorescu Collection dates:1996-1998
Metadata
Also known as:Vălioara Budurone; Valioara; Valiora
Database number:67818
Authorizer:M. Carrano, P. Mannion Enterer:M. Carrano, P. Mannion, J. Tennant
Modifier:M. Carrano Research group:vertebrate
Created:2006-12-12 06:06:27 Last modified:2022-12-08 14:38:49
Access level:the public Released:2006-12-12 06:06:27
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
19377.ETE D. Grigorescu, M. Venczel, Z. Csiki and R. Limberea. 1999. New latest Cretaceous microvertebrate fossil assemblages from the Haţeg Basin (Romania). Geologie en Mijnbouw 78:301-314 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/P. Mannion]

Secondary references:

77788 Z. Csiki, D. Grigorescu, V. Codrea and F. Therrien. 2010. Taphonomic modes in the Maastrichtian continental deposits of the Haţeg Basin, Romania—palaeoecological and palaeobiological inferences. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 293(3-4):375-390 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
37254 Z. Csiki, A. Ionescu, and D. Grigorescu. 2008. The Budurone microvertebrate site from the Maastrichtian of the Hateg Basin – flora, fauna, taphonomy and paleoenvironment. Acta Palaeontologica Romaniae 6:49-66 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
52039 J. D. Gardner and M. Böhme. 2008. Review of the Albanerpetontidae (Lissamphibia), with comments on the paleoecological preferences of European Tertiary albanerpetontids. In J. T. Sankey & S. Baszio (ed.), Vertebrate Microfossil Assemblages: Their Role in Paleoecology and Paleobiogeography 178-218 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
83322 D. Grigorescu, Z. Csiki, S. Vasile and G.-A. Butiseaca. 2011. Taphonomic biases in macro‐ and microvertebrate assemblages from the Maastrichtian of the Hațeg Basin (Romania) and their relevance in the reconstruction of a fossil ecosystem. In A. van der Geer & A. Athanassiou (ed.), European Association of Vertebrate Palaeontologists, 9th Annual Meeting, Program and Abstracts 28-29 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
80599 E. Isasmendi, A. Torices, J. I. Canudo, P. J. Currie, and X. Pereda-Suberbiola. 2022. Upper Cretaceous European theropod palaeobiodiversity, palaeobiogeography and the intra‐Maastrichtian faunal turnover: new contributions from the Iberian fossil site of Laño. Papers in Palaeontology 8(1):e1419:1-38 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
51121 J. E. Martin, M. Rabi, Z. Csiki-Sava and S. Vasile. 2014. Cranial morphology of Theriosuchus sympiestodon (Mesoeucrocodylia, Atoposauridae) and the widespread occurrence in the Late Cretaceous of Europe. Journal of Paleontology 88(3):444-456 [P. Mannion/J. Tennant/J. Tennant]
65862 M. Venczel, J. D. Gardner, V. A. Codrea, Z. Csiki-Sava, S. Vasile and A. A. Solomon. 2016. New insights into Europe’s most diverse Late Cretaceous anuran assemblage from the Maastrichtian of western Romania. Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments 96(1):61-95 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]