Toca da Esperanca: Middle Pleistocene, Brazil
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
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Mammalia
- Cingulata
- Pampatheriidae
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Pampatherium humboldtii
(Lund 1839)
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| "Pampatherium humboldti" | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Cingulata
- Dasypodidae
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Propraopus sulcatus
(Lund 1838)
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| "Propaopus" | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Megatheriidae
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Eremotherium laurillardi
(Lund 1842)
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Mammalia
- Mylodontidae
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Scelidotherium sp.
Owen 1839
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Cuniculidae
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Agouti paca
(Linnaeus 1766)
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| recombined as Cuniculus paca | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Equidae
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Hippidion sp.
Owen 1869
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Mammalia
- Cervidae
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Mazama sp.
Rafinesque 1817
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Mammalia
- Camelidae
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Palaeolama sp.
Gervais 1869
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Mammalia
- Tayassuidae
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Tayassu pecari
(Link 1795)
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| "T. albirostris" | ||||||||||
| see common names | ||||||||||
Geography
| Country: | Brazil | State/province: | Bahia |
| Coordinates: | 11.0° South, 42.1° West (view map) | ||
| Paleocoordinates: | 11.0° South, 42.1° West | ||
| Basis of coordinate: | estimated from map | ||
| Altitude: | 610 meters | ||
| Geographic resolution: | small collection |
Time
| Period: | Quaternary | Epoch: | Pleistocene |
| Stage: | Chibanian | 10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 6 |
| Key time interval: | Middle Pleistocene | ||
| Age range of interval: | 0.77400 - 0.12900 m.y. ago | ||
| Age estimate: | 29100 ± 8400 to 204000 ± 34000 YBP (U/Th) |
Stratigraphy
| Stratigraphic resolution: | bed | ||||
| Stratigraphy comments: Radioisotopic_date error method comments
0.259 0.062 U-Th on bone 0.291 0.084 U-Th on bone 0.218 0.061 U-Th on bone 0.204 0.034 U-Th on bone bed/horizon: Couche IV | |||||
Lithology and environment
| Primary lithology: | red argillaceous sandstone |
| Environment: | cave |
| Geology comments: "Couche IV" is the basal unit in sequence; a "reddish clayey sand" deposit within a karstic cave; Middle Pleistocene age is based on dates; two additional, highly imprecise U-Th dates are omitted | |
Taphonomy
| Modes of preservation: | body |
| Size of fossils: | macrofossils |
| Disassociated major elements: | some |
| Feeding/predation traces: | fractures |
Collection methods and comments
| Collection methods: | selective quarrying |
| Reason for describing collection: | archaeological analysis |
| Taxonomic list comments:fossils found with supposedly human lithic assemblage made of quartz
list and most other data repeated by Lumley et al. 1988 | |
Metadata
| Database number: | 71295 | ||
| Authorizer: | J. Alroy | Enterer: | J. Alroy |
| Modifier: | M. Kouvari | ||
| Created: | 1999-02-10 21:09:34 | Last modified: | 2020-11-30 11:16:25 |
| Access level: | the public | Released: | 1999-02-10 21:09:34 |
| Creative Commons license: | CC BY |
Reference information
Primary reference:
| 23924. | H. Lumley, M.-A. Lumley, M. C. Moraes Coutinho Beltrao, Y. Yokoyama, J. Labeyrie, J. Danon, G. Delibrias, C. Falgueres, and J. L. Bischoff. 1987. L'Anthropologie 91:917-942 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen] |