Haystack Cave (Upper Levels 1-3): Late/Upper Pleistocene, Colorado
collected by National Park Service 1978
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
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Mammalia
- Cervidae
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Odocoileus hemionus
(Rafinesque 1817)
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2 specimens | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Bovidae
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Ovis catclawensis
Hibbard and Wright 1956
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15 specimens | |||||||||
| synonym of Ovis canadensis | ||||||||||
| "Ovis canadensis catclawensis" | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Mustelidae
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Mustela frenata
Lichtenstein 1831
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1 specimen | |||||||||
| recombined as Neogale frenata | ||||||||||
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Taxidea taxus
(Schreber 1778)
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1 specimen | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Canidae
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Vulpes vulpes
(Linnaeus 1758)
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1 specimen | |||||||||
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Caninae indet.
Gill 1872
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1 specimen | |||||||||
| "Vulpes sp. or Urocyon sp." | ||||||||||
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Canis latrans
Say 1823
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1 specimen | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Lagomorpha
- Ochotonidae
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Ochotona princeps
(Richardson 1828)
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9 specimens | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Lagomorpha
- Leporidae
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Sylvilagus sp.
Gray 1867
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4 specimens | |||||||||
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Lepus sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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16 specimens | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Sciuridae
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Marmota flaviventris
(Audubon and Bachman 1841)
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42 specimens | |||||||||
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Spermophilus richardsonii
(Sabine 1822)
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49 specimens | |||||||||
| recombined as Urocitellus richardsonii | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Geomyidae
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Thomomys sp.
Wied-Neuwied 1839
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10 specimens | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Cricetidae
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cf. Peromyscus maniculatus
(Wagner 1843)
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1 specimen | |||||||||
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Microtus sp.
Schrank 1798
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1 specimen | |||||||||
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Neotoma sp.
Say and Ord 1825
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9 specimens | |||||||||
| "Neotoma cinerea or N. mexicana" | ||||||||||
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Neotoma cinerea
(Ord 1815)
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1 specimen | |||||||||
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Reptilia
- Iguanidae
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Sceloporus undulatus
(Bosc 1802)
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1 specimen | |||||||||
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Reptilia
- Accipitriformes
- Accipitridae
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Buteo sp.
de Lacepède 1799
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1 specimen | |||||||||
| see common names | ||||||||||
Geography
| Country: | United States | State/province: | Colorado | County: | Gunnison |
| Coordinates: | 38.5° North, 107.2° West (view map) | ||||
| Paleocoordinates: | 38.5° North, 107.2° West | ||||
| Basis of coordinate: | stated in text | ||||
| Altitude: | 2450 meters | ||||
| Geographic resolution: | small collection |
Time
| Period: | Quaternary | Epoch: | Pleistocene |
| Stage: | Late/Upper Pleistocene | 10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 6 |
| Key time interval: | Late/Upper Pleistocene | ||
| Age range of interval: | 0.12900 - 0.01170 m.y. ago |
Stratigraphy
| Stratigraphic resolution: | group of beds | ||||
| Stratigraphy comments: "Two carbon 14 dates... based on bone apatite of unidentifiable fragments from levels 3 and 4 and 5 and 6. The sample from levels 3 and 4" was "dated as 14,935 +/- 610 B.P.; the sample from levels 5 and 6... was less accurate... and dated as 12,154 +/- 1,700 B.P. Both dates are corrected and indicate deposition of levels 3-6 during the late Pleistocene." | |||||
Lithology and environment
| Primary lithology: | bioturbation conglomeratic,carbonaceous siltstone |
| Lithology description: "The upper three levels... were disturbed by rodents and contained numerous woodrat (Neotoma sp.) fecal pellets... The matrix... varied from fine light brown soil to dark organic soil... Roof spalls that have eroded and fallen from the cave walls were found throughout the entire cave matrix." | |
| Environment: | cave |
| Glacial or sequence phase: | late glacial |
| Geology comments: "a small volcanic lava tube... All sediments in the cave appear to be the result of wind deposition and erosion of the cave interior." | |
Taphonomy
| Modes of preservation: | body,bone collector,midden |
| Size of fossils: | macrofossils,mesofossils |
| Feeding/predation traces: | fractures,tooth marks |
| Temporal resolution: | time-averaged |
| Spatial resolution: | parautochthonous |
Collection methods and comments
| Collection methods: | bulk,selective quarrying,sieve,survey of museum collection | ||
| Reason for describing collection: | paleoecologic analysis | ||
| Collectors: | National Park Service | Collection dates: | summer of 1978 |
| Collection method comments: "matrix was screened through one-quarter-inch screen" | |||
Metadata
| Also known as: | 5GN 189 | ||
| Database number: | 74953 | ||
| Authorizer: | J. Alroy | Enterer: | J. Alroy |
| Modifier: | J. Alroy | Research group: | vertebrate |
| Created: | 2007-09-07 21:34:38 | Last modified: | 2007-09-18 00:08:30 |
| Access level: | the public | Released: | 2007-09-07 21:34:38 |
| Creative Commons license: | CC BY | ||
Reference information
Primary reference:
| 25288. | S. D. Emslie. 1986. Late Pleistocene vertebrates from Gunnison County, Colorado. Journal of Paleontology 60(1):170-176 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy] |