Haystack Cave (Lower Levels 4-8): Late/Upper Pleistocene, Colorado
collected by National Park Service 1978
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
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Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Equidae
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Equus sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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2 specimens | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Cervidae
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Odocoileus hemionus
(Rafinesque 1817)
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3 specimens | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Antilocapridae
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Antilocapra americana
(Ord 1815)
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3 specimens | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Bovidae
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Ovis catclawensis
Hibbard and Wright 1956
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18 specimens | |||||||||
| synonym of Ovis canadensis | ||||||||||
| "Ovis canadensis catclawensis" | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Felidae
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cf. Acinonyx trumani
(Orr 1969)
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1 specimen | |||||||||
| recombined as Miracinonyx trumani | ||||||||||
| "cf. Acinonyx (Miracinonyx) trumani" | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Ursidae
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Ursus americanus
Pallas 1780
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1 specimen | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Mephitidae
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Spilogale putorius
(Linnaeus 1758)
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1 specimen | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Canidae
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Vulpes vulpes
(Linnaeus 1758)
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1 specimen | |||||||||
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Caninae indet.
Gill 1872
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2 specimens | |||||||||
| "Vulpes sp. or Urocyon sp." | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Lagomorpha
- Ochotonidae
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Ochotona princeps
(Richardson 1828)
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4 specimens | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Lagomorpha
- Leporidae
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Sylvilagus sp.
Gray 1867
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10 specimens | |||||||||
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Lepus sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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38 specimens | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Sciuridae
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Marmota flaviventris
(Audubon and Bachman 1841)
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145 specimens | |||||||||
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Spermophilus richardsonii
(Sabine 1822)
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44 specimens | |||||||||
| recombined as Urocitellus richardsonii | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Geomyidae
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Thomomys sp.
Wied-Neuwied 1839
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9 specimens | |||||||||
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Thomomys talpoides
(Richardson 1828)
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2 specimens | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Cricetidae
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Lagurus curtatus
(Cope 1868)
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4 specimens | |||||||||
| recombined as Lemmiscus curtatus | ||||||||||
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Microtus sp.
Schrank 1798
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7 specimens | |||||||||
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Microtus longicaudus
(Merriam 1888)
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1 specimen | |||||||||
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Phenacomys intermedius
Merriam 1889
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1 specimen | |||||||||
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Neotoma sp.
Say and Ord 1825
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7 specimens | |||||||||
| "Neotoma cinerea or N. mexicana" | ||||||||||
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Neotoma cinerea
(Ord 1815)
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4 specimens | |||||||||
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Reptilia
- Phasianidae
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Lagopus sp.
Brisson 1760
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1 specimen | |||||||||
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Reptilia
- Passeriformes
- Turdidae
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Sialia sp.
Swainson 1827
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1 specimen | |||||||||
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Reptilia
- Accipitriformes
- Accipitridae
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Buteo sp.
de Lacepède 1799
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4 specimens | |||||||||
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Amphibia
- Temnospondyli
- Bufonidae
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Bufo sp.
Laurenti 1768
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1 specimen | |||||||||
| "Bufo boreas or B. woodhousei" | ||||||||||
| see common names | ||||||||||
Geography
| Country: | United States | State/province: | Colorado | County: | Gunnison |
| Coordinates: | 38.5° North, 107.2° West (view map) | ||||
| Paleocoordinates: | 38.5° North, 107.2° West | ||||
| Basis of coordinate: | stated in text | ||||
| Altitude: | 2450 meters | ||||
| Geographic resolution: | small collection |
Time
| Period: | Quaternary | Epoch: | Pleistocene |
| Stage: | Late/Upper Pleistocene | 10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 6 |
| Key time interval: | Late/Upper Pleistocene | ||
| Age range of interval: | 0.12900 - 0.01170 m.y. ago |
Stratigraphy
| Stratigraphic resolution: | group of beds | ||||
| Stratigraphy comments: "Two carbon 14 dates... based on bone apatite of unidentifiable fragments from levels 3 and 4 and 5 and 6. The sample from levels 3 and 4" was "dated as 14,935 +/- 610 B.P.; the sample from levels 5 and 6... was less accurate... and dated as 12,154 +/- 1,700 B.P. Both dates are corrected and indicate deposition of levels 3-6 during the late Pleistocene." | |||||
Lithology and environment
| Primary lithology: | brown conglomeratic siltstone |
| Lithology description: "The lower cave matrix (levels 4-8) consists of a continuous light brown soil with some roof spalls." | |
| Environment: | cave |
| Glacial or sequence phase: | late glacial |
| Geology comments: "a small volcanic lava tube... All sediments in the cave appear to be the result of wind deposition and erosion of the cave interior." | |
Taphonomy
| Modes of preservation: | body,bone collector,midden |
| Size of fossils: | macrofossils,mesofossils |
| Feeding/predation traces: | fractures,tooth marks |
| Temporal resolution: | time-averaged |
| Spatial resolution: | parautochthonous |
Collection methods and comments
| Collection methods: | bulk,selective quarrying,sieve,survey of museum collection | ||
| Reason for describing collection: | paleoecologic analysis | ||
| Collectors: | National Park Service | Collection dates: | summer of 1978 |
| Collection method comments: "matrix was screened through one-quarter-inch screen" | |||
Metadata
| Also known as: | 5GN 189 | ||
| Database number: | 74954 | ||
| Authorizer: | J. Alroy | Enterer: | J. Alroy |
| Modifier: | J. Alroy | Research group: | vertebrate |
| Created: | 2007-09-07 21:36:53 | Last modified: | 2007-09-18 00:08:30 |
| Access level: | the public | Released: | 2007-09-07 21:36:53 |
| Creative Commons license: | CC BY | ||
Reference information
Primary reference:
| 25288. | S. D. Emslie. 1986. Late Pleistocene vertebrates from Gunnison County, Colorado. Journal of Paleontology 60(1):170-176 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy] |