PBDB Collection

Dzharakuduk II (general): Middle Turonian - Late/Upper Turonian, Uzbekistan
collected by A. D. Arkhangelsky, A. Rozhdestvensky 1914, 1958

List of taxa

Where & when

Geology

Taphonomy & methods

Metadata & references

Taxonomic list

unclassified

	Kansajsuchus borealis n. sp. Efimov 1975	Storrs and Efimov 2000	1 specimen
	nomen dubium belonging to Paralligatoridae
	PIN 372/702 - type (frontal & prefrontal)
Reptilia - Testudines

	Anatolemys cf. maximus Khozatskii and Nessov 1979	Vitek and Danilov 2014

	Trionychidae indet. Gray 1825	Danilov and Vitek 2013	6 specimens
	= Khunnuchelys kizylkumensis Brinkman et al. 1993	Vitek and Danilov 2013
	ZIN PH 3/17, partial maxilla; ZIN PH 17/17, partial skull roof; ZIN PH 35/17, partial R braincase; ZIN PH 39/ 17, partial L braincase; ZINPH 38/17, partial L prootic, quadrate, and parietal; ZIN PH 27/17, partial dentary
Reptilia - Testudines - Adocidae

	Shachemys ancestralis Nessov 1984	Danilov et al. 2011	700 specimens

	Adocus aksary n. sp. Nessov and Krasovskaya 1984	Danilov et al. 2011	200 specimens
	CCMGE 10/12086, L peripheral 3 (original description mistakenly determined as peripheral 4)

	Lindholmemys elegans Riabinin 1935	Vitek and Danilov 2014
	= Adocus aksary Nessov and Krasovskaya 1984	Syromyatnikova and Danilov 2009
Reptilia - Testudines - Trionychidae

	Aspideretoides cf. riabinini (Kuznetsov and Chkhikvadze 1987)	Danilov and Vitek 2013
	original and current combination Trionyx riabinini

	Trionyx cf. kansaiensis Vitek and Danilov 2010	Danilov and Vitek 2013

	Trionychini indet. Gray 1825	Vitek and Danilov 2013	7 specimens
	ZIN PH 33/17, ZIN PH 18/17, partial braincases; ZIN PH 20/17, ZIN PH 25/17, partial maxillae & jugals; ZIN PH 7/17, partial skull roof; ZIN PH 29/17, ZIN PH 31/17, partial dentaries
Reptilia - Ornithomimidae

	Ornithomimidae indet. Marsh 1890	Sues and Averianov 2016	24 specimens
	ZIN PH 108/16, 110/16, 111/16, 116/16, 135/16, 212/16, 340/16, 470/16, 537/16, 597/16, 610/16, 637/16, 810–811/16, 824/16, 856/16, 960/16, 974/16, 984–985/16, 1005/16, 1011/16, 2204/16, 2373/16
Reptilia - Alexornithiformes - Alexornithidae

	Kizylkumavis cretacea Nessov 1984	Nessov 1984	1 specimen
	TsNIGRI 51/11915 - type (distal part right humerus)
Reptilia - Dromaeosauridae

	Dromaeosauridae indet. Colbert and Russell 1969	Sues and Averianov 2014
	teeth

	Itemirus medullaris n. gen., n. sp. Kurzanov 1976	Kurzanov 1976	1 specimen
	PIN 327.699
Reptilia - Ceratopsidae

	Ceratopsidae indet. Marsh 1888		1 specimen
	humerus
Reptilia

	? Cionodon kysylkumense Riabinin 1931		6 specimens
	CCMGE No. 1/3760
	= Levnesovia transoxiana Sues and Averianov 2009	Sues and Averianov 2009
Reptilia - Azhdarchidae

	Azhdarcho imparidens n. gen., n. sp. Nessov 1981	Nessov 1981
	replaced by Azhdarcho lancicollis
	Hundreds cranial and postcranial bones/fragments. Includes TsNIGR 11915 (holotype), 12454, ZIN PH 44
Reptilia

	Zholsuchus procerus n. gen., n. sp. Nesov et al. 1989	Storrs and Efimov 2000	1 specimen
	CCMGE (TsNIGRI) 381/12457 - type (right premaxilla); referred material: ZIN PH 204

	Zhyrasuchus angustifrons n. gen., n. sp. Nesov et al. 1989	Storrs and Efimov 2000	1 specimen
	TsNIGRI 332/12457 - type (frontal)

	Tadzhikosuchus kizylkumensis n. sp. Nesov et al. 1989	Storrs and Efimov 2000	1 specimen
	synonym of Tadzhikosuchus macrodentis
	TsNIGRI 331/12457 - type (fragment of L dentary)

	Shamosuchus occidentalis n. sp. Efimov 1982	Storrs and Efimov 2000	1 specimen
	nomen dubium belonging to Neosuchia
	PIN 327/721 - type (partial rostrum)
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Discoglossidae

	Itemirella cretacea n. gen., n. sp. Nessov 1981	Nessov 1981	1 specimen
	ZIN PHA K77-6 (holotype), fragment of right maxilla
see common names

Geography

Country:	Uzbekistan	State/province:	Navoi
Coordinates:	42.1° North, 62.7° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:	36.8° North, 57.0° East
Basis of coordinate:	estimated from map
Geographic resolution:	outcrop

Time

Period:	Cretaceous	Epoch:	Late/Upper Cretaceous
Stage:	Turonian	10 m.y. bin:	Cretaceous 6
Key time interval:	Middle Turonian - Late/Upper Turonian
Age range of interval:	93.90000 - 89.80000 m.y. ago

Stratigraphy

Formation:	Bissekty
Stratigraphic resolution:	bed
Stratigraphy comments: middle-upper Turonian (Averianov 2007)

Lithology and environment

Primary lithology:	sandstone
Includes fossils?	Y
Lithology description: "fine- to medium-grained, friable, light yellow to dark gray, cross-bedded sands deposited in lenticular bodies"
Environment:	delta plain
Geology comments: "Channel deposits forming part of a deltaic sequence"

Taphonomy

Modes of preservation:	body
Size of fossils:	macrofossils
Preservation of anatomical detail:	medium
Associated major elements:	some
Disassociated major elements:	some
Disassociated minor elements:	some
Fragmentation:	frequent

Collection methods and comments

Collection methods:	surface (float),sieve,field collection
Reason for describing collection:	taxonomic analysis
Museum repositories:	PIN
Collectors:	A. D. Arkhangelsky, A. Rozhdestvensky	Collection dates:	1914, 1958

Metadata

Also known as:	Dzarakuduk, Dzhyrakuduk, Djira-Kuduk, Itemir (error)
Database number:	75943
Authorizer:	M. Carrano, M. Uhen, A. Dunhill, P. Mannion, R. Butler	Enterer:	M. Carrano, P. Mannion, J. Tennant, R. Butler, F. Villegas-Garin, B. Allen
Modifier:	M. Carrano	Research group:	vertebrate
Created:	2007-11-06 11:04:02	Last modified:	2023-11-07 14:31:53
Access level:	the public	Released:	2007-11-06 11:04:02
Creative Commons license:	CC BY

Reference information

Primary reference:

25546.

ETE

A. N. Riabinin. 1931. Ostatki dinozavrov iz verkhnego mela nizov'ev r. Amu-Dar'i [On the dinosaurian remains from the Upper Cretaceous of the lower parts of the Amu-Daria River]. Zapiski Rossiyskogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva 60(1):114-118 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]

Secondary references:

23827	ETE	A. O. Averianov. 2007. New records of azhdarchids (Pterosauria, Azhdarchidae) from the Late Cretaceous of Russia, Kazakhstan, and Central Asia. Paleontological Journal 41(2):189-197 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
34512		A. O. Averianov. 2010. The osteology of Azhdarcho lancicollis Nessov, 1984 (Pterosauria, Azhdarchidae) from the Late Cretaceous of Uzbekistan. Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS 314(3):264-317 [R. Butler/R. Butler]
30958		N. N. Bakhurina and D. M. Unwin. 1995. a survey of pterosaurs from the Jurassic and Cretaceous of the former Soviet Union and Mongolia. Historical Biology 10:197-245 [R. Butler/R. Butler]
37404	ETE	I. G. Danilov, V. B. Sukhanov, and E. V. Syromyatnikova. 2011. New Asiatic materials on turtles of the family Adocidae with a review of the adocid record in Asia. Proceedings of the Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences 315(2):101-132 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/P. Mannion]
45016		I. G. Danilov and N. S. Vitek. 2013. Soft-shelled turtles (Trionychidae) from the Bissekty Formation (Late Cretaceous: late Turonian) of Uzbekistan: shell-based taxa. Cretaceous Research 41:55-64 [P. Mannion/J. Tennant/J. Tennant]
18352	ETE	E. N. Kurochkin. 2000. Mesozoic birds of Mongolia and the former USSR. In M. J. Benton, M. A. Shishkin, D. M. Unwin, & E N. Kurichkin (eds.), The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia 533-559 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
13891	ETE	S. M. Kurzanov. 1976. Brain-case structure in the carnosaur Itemirus n. gen. and some aspects of the cranial anatomy of dinosaurs. Paleontological Journal 1976(3):361-369 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
81821		I. T. Kuzmin. 2022. Crocodyliform remains from the Upper Cretaceous of Central Asia – evidence for one of the oldest Crocodylia?. Cretaceous Research [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]
64195		L. A. Nessov. 1981. Amfibii i reptilii v ekosistemakh Mela sredney Azii [Amphibia and reptiles in Cretaceous ecosystems of central Asia]. In I. V. Darevsky (ed.), The Problems of Herpetology. Fifth Herpetological Conference. Abstracts 91-92 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
15617	ETE	L. A. Nessov. 1984. Upper Cretaceous pterosaurs and birds from central Asia. Paleontological Journal 1984(1):38-49 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
16510	ETE	L. A. Nessov. 1995. Dinozavri severnoi Yevrazii: Novye dannye o sostave kompleksov, ekologii i paleobiogeografii [Dinosaurs of northern Eurasia: new data about assemblages, ecology, and paleobiogeography]. Institute for Scientific Research on the Earth's Crust, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 1-156 [M. Carrano/K. Maguire/M. Carrano]
85555		A. K. Rozhdestvensky and L. I. Khozatsky. 1967. [Late Mesozoic terrestrial vertebrates from the Asiatic part of the USSR]. In G. G. Martinson (ed.), [Stratigraphy and Paleontology of the Mesozoic and Paleogene-Neogene continental deposits of the Asiatic part of the USSR] 82-92 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
61991		M. J. Ryan. 1997. Middle Asian dinosaurs. In P. J. Currie & K. Padian (ed.), Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs 442-444 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
69215		M. A. Shishkin. 2000. Mesozoic amphibians from Mongolia and the Central Asiatic republics. In M. J. Benton, M. A. Shishkin, D. M. Unwin, & E N. Kurichkin (eds.), The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia 297-308 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
39421		G. W. Storrs and M. B. Efimov. 2000. Mesozoic crocodyliforms of north-central Eurasia. In M. J. Benton, M. A. Shishkin, D. M. Unwin, & E N. Kurichkin (eds.), The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia 402-419 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion/M. Carrano]
30213	ETE	H.-D. Sues and A. Averianov. 2009. A new basal hadrosauroid dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of Uzbekistan and the early radiation of duck-billed dinosaurs. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 276(1667):2549-2555 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
53745		H.-D. Sues and A. Averianov. 2014. Dromaeosauridae (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Bissekty Formation (Upper Cretaceous: Turonian) of Uzbekistan and the phylogenetic position of Itemirus medullaris Kurzanov, 1976. Cretaceous Research 51:225-240 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
79047		H.-D. Sues and A. Averianov. 2016. Ornithomimidae (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Bissekty Formation (Upper Cretaceous: Turonian) of Uzbekistan. Cretaceous Research 57:90-110 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
41724		E. V. Syromyatnikova and I. G. Danilov. 2009. New material and a revision of turtles of the genus Adocus (Adocidae) from the Late Cretaceous of middle Asia and Kazakhstan. Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS 313(1):74-94 [R. Benson/R. Benson]
31032		D. M. Unwin and N. N. Bakhurina. 2000. Pterosaurs from Russia, Middle Asia and Mongolia. In M. J. Benton, M. A. Shishkin, D. M. Unwin, & E N. Kurichkin (eds.), The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia 420-433 [R. Butler/R. Butler/M. Carrano]
46089		N. S. Vitek and I. G. Danilov. 2013. Soft-shelled turtles (Trionychidae) from the Bissekty Formation (Upper Cretaceous: Turonian) of Uzbekistan: skull-based taxa and probable skull-shell associations. Cretaceous Research 43:48-58 [P. Mannion/J. Tennant/J. Tennant]
50301		N. S. Vitek and I. G. Danilov. 2014. Soft-shelled turtles (Trionychidae) from the Cenomanian of Uzbekistan. Cretaceous Research 49:1-12 [P. Mannion/J. Tennant]
68327		K. B. Yuryev. 1954. Kratkiy obzor nakhodok dinozavrov na territorii SSSR [A brief reivew of dinosaur finds in the USSR]. Uchenyye Zapiski, Leningradskogo Ordena Lenina Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta. Seriya Biologicheskikh Nauk 181(38):183-197 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]