Stirone River: Tortonian, Italy
collected by Marasti

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
unclassified
Coelorinchus caelorhincus Risso 1810
Lin et al. 2017
Owstonia neogenica
Lin et al. 2017
Mammalia - Cetacea - Balaenopteridae
Balaenoptera sp. Lacépède 1804
Freschi and Raineri 2014 1 specimen
    = Balaenopteridae indet. Gray 1864
Bisconti et al. 2023
Plesiobalaenoptera quarantellii n. gen., n. sp. Bisconti 2010
Bisconti 2010 1 specimen
Actinopteri - Argentiniformes - Argentinidae
Argentina sp. Linnaeus 1758
Lin et al. 2017
Actinopteri - Epigonidae
Epigonus constanciae
Lin et al. 2017
Actinopteri - Perciformes - Scorpaenidae
"Scorpaena" zibinica
Lin et al. 2017
Actinopteri - Perciformes - Sparidae
Dentex aff. macroccanus
Lin et al. 2017
Actinopteri - Perciformes - Cepolidae
Cepola macrophthalma
Lin et al. 2017
Actinopteri - Perciformes - Pomadasyidae
Brachydeuterus speronatus (Bassoli 1906)
Lin et al. 2017
Actinopteri - Acropomatidae
Parascombrops mutinensis (Bassoli 1906)
Lin et al. 2017
Actinopteri - Pleuronectiformes - Soleidae
Microchirus aff. variegatus (Donovan 1808)
Lin et al. 2017
Actinopteri - Pleuronectiformes - Bothidae
Arnoglossus kokeni (Basoli and Schubert 1906)
Lin et al. 2017
Actinopteri - Ophidiiformes - Bythitidae
Bythitidae indet. Gill 1861
Lin et al. 2017
Grammonus bassolii
Lin et al. 2017
Actinopteri - Ophidiiformes - Carapidae
Echiodon heinzelini Huyghebaert and Nolf 1979
Lin et al. 2017
Carapus acus (Brünnich 1768)
Lin et al. 2017
Actinopteri - Gobiiformes - Gobiidae
Gobius aff. paganellus
Lin et al. 2017
"Gobius" aff. weileri Bauza-Rullan 1955
Lin et al. 2017
Deltentosteus aff. quadrimaculatus
Lin et al. 2017
Deltentosteus sp. Gill 1863
Lin et al. 2017
Lesueurigobius aff. friesii
Lin et al. 2017
Lesueurigobius aff. suerii
Lin et al. 2017
Lesueurigobius stironensis n. sp. Lin et al. 2017
Lin et al. 2017
Actinopteri - Batrachoidiformes - Batrachoididae
Diaphus pedemontanus (Robba 1970)
Lin et al. 2017
original and current combination Porichthys pedemontanus
Actinopteri - Gadiformes - Macrouridae
Nezumia ornata (Bassoli 1906)
Lin et al. 2017
Actinopteri - Gadiformes - Gadidae
Gadiculus argenteus Guichenot 1850
Lin et al. 2017
Micromesistius planatus (Bassoli and Schubert 1906)
Lin et al. 2017
original and current combination Gadus planatus
Actinopteri - Gadiformes - Lotidae
Phycis musicki
Lin et al. 2017
Actinopteri - Gadiformes - Merlucciidae
Merluccius cf. merluccius (Linnaeus 1758)
Lin et al. 2017
Actinopteri - Caproiformes - Antigoniidae
Antigonia capros Löwe 1843
Lin et al. 2017
Actinopteri - Myctophiformes - Myctophidae
Myctophum fitchi
Lin et al. 2017
Myctophum punctatum Rafinesque 1810
Lin et al. 2017
Benthosema fitchi Brzobohaty and Schultz 1978
Lin et al. 2017
Diaphus befralai
Lin et al. 2017
Diaphus cavallonis
Lin et al. 2017
Diaphus metopoclampoides Steurbaut 1983
Lin et al. 2017
Diaphus aff. splendidus (Prochazka 1893)
Lin et al. 2017
recombined as Scopelus splendidus
Diaphus holti Taaning 1918
Lin et al. 2017
Scopelopsis pliocenicus (Anfossi and Mosna 1976)
Lin et al. 2017
Notoscopelus elongatus (Costa 1844)
Lin et al. 2017
Notoscopelus resplendens (Richardson 1845)
Lin et al. 2017
Notoscopelus bolini Nafpakittis 1975
Lin et al. 2017
Hygophum hygomii
Lin et al. 2017
Hygophum derthonensis (Nolf and Steurbaut 1983)
Lin et al. 2017
Lampadena aff. dea Frasier-Brunner 1949
Lin et al. 2017
Actinopteri - Anguilliformes - Congridae
Bathycongrus nagmarosyi
Lin et al. 2017
Rhynchoconger pantanellii (Bassoli and Schubert 1906)
Lin et al. 2017
Xenomystax sp. Gilbert 1891
Lin et al. 2017
Paraconger sp. Kanazawa 1961
Lin et al. 2017
Gnathophis mystax
Lin et al. 2017
Actinopteri - Anguilliformes - Muraenidae
Conger conger (Linnaeus 1758)
Lin et al. 2017
original and current combination Muraena conger
Rhynchonellata - Terebratulida - Terebratulidae
Terebratula sinuosa (Brocchi 1814)
Scaphopoda - Dentaliida - Dentaliidae
Dentalium (Dentalium) inaequale (Bronn 1831)
recombined as Fissidentalium inaequale
Dentalium (Antalis) interruptum (Schröter 1854)
recombined as Antalis interruptum
Bivalvia - Arcida - Glycymerididae
Glycymeris (Glycymeris) inflatus
Glycymeris (Glycymeris) cf. cor (Lamarck 1805)
Bivalvia - Arcida - Arcidae
Anadara (Anadara) cf. turoniensis
Anadara (Anadara) diluvii (Lamarck 1805)
recombined as Scapharca (Scapharca) diluvii
Bivalvia - Arcida - Limopsidae
Limopsis (Pectunculina) cf. aradasii
Bivalvia - Ostreida - Gryphaeidae
Neopycnodonte cochlear (Poli 1795)
Neopycnodonte navicularis (Brocchi 1814)
Bivalvia - Pectinida - Pectinidae
Chlamys (Chlamys) multistriata (Poli 1795)
recombined as Talochlamys multistriata
Pecten (Pecten) revolutus
Pecten (Pecten) vigolensis Simonelli 1896
synonym of Pecten aduncus
Hinnites ercolanianus Cocconi 1873
Amusium cristatum Bronn 1827
recombined as Cristatopecten cristatum
Pecten (Amussiopecten) ugolinii (Déperet and Roam 1910)
original and current combination Flabellipecten ugolinii
Pecten (Flabellipecten) fraterculus (Sowerby in Smith 1841)
recombined as Flabellipecten fraterculus
Chlamys (Aquipecten) cf. spinulosa
Chlamys (Aquipecten) labnae
Chlamys (Aquipecten) scabrella (Lamarck 1819)
recombined as Chlamys scabrellus
Bivalvia - Pholadida - Corbulidae
Corbula (Varicorbula) gibba (Oliva 1792)
Bivalvia - Cardiida - Cardiidae
Trachycardium (Trachycardium) multicostatum (Brocchi 1814)
recombined as Europicardium multicostatum
Laevicardium (Laevicardium) ciprium
Bivalvia - Cardiida - Solecurtidae
Azorinus (Azorinus) antiquatus
Solecurtus candidus
Bivalvia - Cardiida - Veneridae
Circomphalus cf. plicatus
Paphia (Callistotapes) vetula (Basterot 1825)
Venus (Venus) alternanas
Pelecyora (Pelecyora) islandicoides (Lamarck 1818)
Pitar (Pitar) rudis (Poli 1795)
Gouldia (Gouldia) minima (Montagu 1803)
Chamalea cf. gallina
original and current combination Chamelea
Callista (Costacallista) erycinoides (Lamarck 1806)
original and current combination Cytherea erycinoides
Bivalvia - Cardiida - Chamidae
Glans (Centrocardita) aculeata (Poli 1795)
original and current combination Chama aculeata
Bivalvia - Cardiida - Mactridae
Lutraria sp. Lamarck 1799
Bivalvia - Cardiida - Glossidae
Glossus (Glossus) cor
Bivalvia - Hiatellida - Hiatellidae
Panopea sp. (Menard 1807)
Bivalvia - Thraciida - Thraciidae
Thracia (Thracia) convexa (Wood 1815)
Thracia (Thracia) pubescens (Pulteney 1799)
Bivalvia - Nuculanida - Nuculanidae
Nuculana (Lembulus) emarginata (Lamarck 1819)
recombined as Nuculana emarginata
Bivalvia - Nuculida - Nuculidae
Nucula (Nucula) placentina
Gastropoda - Turbinidae
Astraea (Bolma) rugosa (Linnaeus 1767)
recombined as Bolma rugosus
Astraea (Ormastralium) speciosa (Michelotti 1847)
recombined as Bolma (Ormastralium) speciosa
Angaria (Pseudoninella) miosolarioides
Gastropoda - Heterostropha - Architectonicidae
Architectonica (Architectonica) cf. simplex
Gastropoda - Heterostropha - Ringiculidae
Ringicula (Ringiculina) buccinea (Sowerby 1823)
Gastropoda - Turritellidae
Haustator (Haustator) cf. vermicularis (Brocchi 1814)
recombined as Turritella (Haustator) vermicularis
Archimediella (Turcoloidella) spirata (Brocchi 1814)
recombined as Archimediella (Torculoidella) spiratus
Gastropoda - Siliquariidae
Tenagodus (Tenagodus) obtusus (Schumacher 1817)
SUBSPECIES: Tenagodus (Tenagodus) obtusus miocaenicus
Gastropoda - Naticidae
Polinices (Polinices) dertomamilla Sacco 1890
recombined as Tectonatica dertomamilla
Lunatia helicina
Polinices (Polinices) redemptus (Michelotti 1847)
Neverita josephina
Natica tigrina (Röding 1798)
recombined as Cochlis tigrina
Gastropoda - Ficidae
Ficus (Ficus) geometra
Gastropoda - Cypraeidae
Zonaria (Zonaria) cf. fabagina (Lamarck 1810)
recombined as Prozonarina fabagina
Gastropoda - Neogastropoda - Mitridae
Mitra (Tiara) cf. bronni Michellotti 1847
recombined as Cancilla bronni
Gastropoda - Neogastropoda - Buccinidae
Phos (Phos) polygonum
Buccinulum (Euthria) cf. corneum (Linnaeus 1758)
Gastropoda - Neogastropoda - Nassariidae
Hinia (Uzita) serraticosta
spelled with current rank as Nassarius (Uzita)
Gastropoda - Neogastropoda - Fasciolariidae
Clavalithes (Rhopalites) klipsteini
spelled with current rank as Clavella (Clavilithes)
Gastropoda - Neogastropoda - Ancillariidae
Ancilla (Baryspira) glandiformis (Lamarck 1810)
recombined as Amalda glandiformis
Gastropoda - Neogastropoda - Turridae
Turris (Turris) contigua
Gastropoda - Neogastropoda - Conidae
Conus (Chelyconus) puschi (Michelotti 1857)
recombined as Plagioconus puschi
Conus (Conolithus) antidiluvianus (Bruguière 1792)
recombined as Conilithes antidiluvianus
Gastropoda - Neogastropoda - Clavatulidae
Clavatula (Clavatula) ditissima
Clavatula (Clavatula) semimarginata
Gastropoda - Neogastropoda - Terebridae
Subula (Oxymeris) modesta (Defrance 1829)
original and current combination Terebra modesta
Gastropoda - Neogastropoda - Borsoniidae
Epalxis (Bathytoma) cataphracta (Brocchi 1814)
Gastropoda - Neogastropoda - Marginellidae
Marginella (Eratoidea) cf. deshayesi
Marginella (Stazzania) marginata
Gastropoda - Cassidae
Semicassis (Tylocassis) miolaevigata (Sacco 1890)
recombined as Phalium (Semicassis) miolaevigata
Semicassis (Echinophoria) intermedia (Brocchi 1814)
recombined as Echinophoria intermedium
Gastropoda - Ranellidae
Charonia (Charonia) nodifera
Gyrineum (Aspa) marginatum
SUBSPECIES: Gyrineum (Aspa) marginatum cf. depressa
unclassified
Gadiculus labiatus (Schubert 1905)
Lin et al. 2017
original and current combination Otolithus labiatus
see common names

Geography
Country:Italy
Coordinates: 44.8° North, 10.0° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:44.1° North, 10.6° East
Basis of coordinate:based on nearby landmark
Geographic resolution:outcrop
Time
Period:Neogene Epoch:Miocene
Stage:Tortonian 10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 6
Key time interval:Tortonian
Age range of interval:11.63000 - 7.24600 m.y. ago
Age estimate:11.6 Ma (other) to 9.44 Ma (UA)
Stratigraphy
Stratigraphic resolution:bed
Stratigraphy comments: STRATIGRAPHIC RELATIONS: Unknown lithostratigraphy and stratigraphic relationships. AGE: Tortonian based on macrofossil biostratigraphy. STRATIGRAPHIC POSITION: From unknown position within section.

The holotype was recovered from grey, clayey marls bearing invertebrate fossils indicative of a Tortonian age [200]. According to Artoni et al. [201: fig. 2], the rocks exposed along this section of the river where the specimen was found form part of a middle Eocene– early Tortonian Epiligurian succession incorporated into an “Intra-Messinian Chaotic Unit”. Pending the publication of further data on the exact age of these strata, P. quarantellii is therefore here assumed to be early Tortonian (11.6–9.44 Ma). (Marx & Fordyce, 2015)
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology:shelly/skeletal poorly lithified sandy claystone
Includes fossils?Y
Lithology description: SPECIFIC LITHOLOGY: Claystone with sandy and fossiliferous lenses. LITHIFICATION:
Environment:deep-water indet.
Geology comments: ENVIRONMENT: Deep water, accumulated in gravity debris flow.
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body,cast,mold/impression
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Preservation of anatomical detail:medium
Spatial resolution:allochthonous
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:surface (in situ),field collection
Reason for describing collection:taxonomic analysis
Collectors:Marasti
Collection method comments: COLLECTOR: Presumably the author, R. Marasti. REPOSITORY: Museo Paleontologico Parmense, l'Instituto di Geologia e Paleontologia dell' Universita di Parma.
Taxonomic list comments:COVERAGE: Exhaustive for gastropoda, bivalvia, and scaphopoda. NOMENCLATURE: Authoritative publication, with somewhat antiquated nomenclature, but taxonomic assignments at species and subgenus resolution.
Metadata
Also known as:Torrente Stirone
Database number:78437
Authorizer:A. Hendy, M. Uhen Enterer:A. Hendy, M. Uhen
Modifier:M. Uhen Research group:marine invertebrate
Created:2008-02-06 21:55:02 Last modified:2024-03-29 13:55:28
Access level:the public Released:2008-02-06 21:55:02
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
26389. R. Marasti. 1973. La fauna tortoniana del T. Stirone (limite Parmense-Piacentino). Bollettino della Societa Paleontologica Italiana 12(1):76-120 [A. Hendy/A. Hendy]

Secondary references:

87930 K. Agiadi, N. Hohmann, E. Gliozzi, D. Thivaiou, F. R. Bosellini, M. Taviani, G. Bianucci, A. Collareta, L. Londeix, C. Faranda, F. Bulian, E. Koskeridou, F. Lozar, A. M. Mancini, S. Dominici, P. Moissette, I. B. Campos, E. Borghi, G. Iliopoulos, A. Antonarakou, and G. Kontakiotis. 2024. A revised marine fossil record of the Mediterranean before and after the Messinian Salinity Crisis. Earth System Science Data [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
33199 M. Bisconti. 2010. A new balaenopterid whale from the late Miocene of the Stirone River, Northern Italy (Mammalia, Cetacea, Mysticeti). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30(3):943-958 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
87043 M. Bisconti, G. Raineri, G. Tartarelli, P. Moneggatti, and G. Carnevale. 2023. The periotic of a basal balaenopterid from the Tortonian of the Stirone River, northern Italy (Cetacea, Mysticeti, Balaenopteridae). Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments 103:663-679 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
62984 A. Freschi and G. Raineri. 2014. I cetacei fossili mio-pliocenici conservati nel Museo Paleontologico “Il Mare Antico” di Salsomaggiore Terme (Parma). Museologia Scientifica Memoirie 13:46-53 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
62922 C.-H. Lin, R. Brzobohaty, D. Nolf and A. Girone. 2017. Tortonian teleost otoliths from northern Italy: taxonomic synthesis and stratigraphic significance. European Journal of Taxonomy 322:1-44 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
55050 F. G. Marx and R. E. Fordyce. 2015. Baleen boom and bust: a synthesis of mysticete phylogeny, diversity and disparity. Royal Society Open Science 2:140434 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]