Friesenhahn Cave: Late/Upper Pleistocene, Texas
collected by W. Strain 1936, 1949, 1951
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Amphibia
- Temnospondyli
- Pelobatidae
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Scaphiopus sp.
Holbrook 1836
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Mecham 1958 | |||||||||
Amphibia
- Temnospondyli
- Eleutherodactylidae
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Eleutherodactylus augusti
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Mecham 1958 | |||||||||
Amphibia
- Temnospondyli
- Ranidae
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Rana sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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Mecham 1958 | |||||||||
large | ||||||||||
Rana pipiens
Schreber 1782
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Mecham 1958 | |||||||||
Amphibia
- Temnospondyli
- Bufonidae
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Bufo cognatus
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Mecham 1958 | |||||||||
Bufo woodhousei
Girard 1854
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Mecham 1958 | |||||||||
"Bufo woodhousei bexarensis" type | ||||||||||
Reptilia
- Crotalidae
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Crotalus atrox
Baird and Girard 1853
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Mecham 1958 | |||||||||
Reptilia
- Colubridae
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Pituophis melanoleucus
(Daudin 1803)
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Mecham 1958 | |||||||||
Reptilia
- Iguanidae
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Crotaphytus collaris
(Say 1823)
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Mecham 1958 | |||||||||
Reptilia
- Testudines
- Testudinidae
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Testudo (Hesperotestudo) wilsoni
Milstead 1956
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Milstead 1956 | |||||||||
recombined as Geochelone (Hesperotestudo) wilsoni | ||||||||||
(1 measurement) | ||||||||||
Reptilia
- Testudines
- Emydidae
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Terrapene bulverda n. sp.
Hay 1920
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nomen dubium belonging to Terrapene | ||||||||||
USNM 9221 (holotype), posterior portions of a carapace (Hay 1921, fig. 4) | ||||||||||
Terrapene canaliculata
Hay 1907
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Milstead 1956 | |||||||||
= Terrapene carolina
Linnaeus 1758
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Martin 1968 | |||||||||
see Auffenberg 1958 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Proboscidea
- Elephantidae
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Parelephas columbi
(Falconer 1857)
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Sellards 1941 | |||||||||
recombined as Mammuthus columbi | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Proboscidea
- Mammutidae
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Mammut americanum
(Kerr 1792)
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Milstead 1956 | |||||||||
"Mammut americana" | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Cricetidae
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Peromyscus maniculatus
(Wagner 1843)
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Mecham 1958 | |||||||||
see Tamsitt 1957; confirmed by Martin 1968 | ||||||||||
Peromyscus gossypinus
(Le Conte 1853)
|
Martin 1968 | |||||||||
Peromyscus cf. eremicus
(Baird 1858)
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Martin 1968 | |||||||||
Peromyscus nasutus
|
Mecham 1958 | |||||||||
see Tamsitt 1957 | ||||||||||
= Peromyscus cf. boylii
Baird 1855
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Martin 1968 | |||||||||
Peromyscus leucopus
(Rafinesque 1818)
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Mecham 1958 | |||||||||
see Tamsitt 1957; confirmed by Martin 1968 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Heteromyidae
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Perognathus hispidus
Baird 1858
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Mecham 1958 | |||||||||
recombined as Chaetodipus hispidus | ||||||||||
see Kennerly 1956 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Lagomorpha
- Leporidae
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Sylvilagus audubonii
(Baird 1858)
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Pettus 1956 | |||||||||
"Sylvilagus auduboni" | ||||||||||
Sylvilagus floridanus
(Allen 1890)
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Pettus 1956 | |||||||||
see Pettus 1956 | ||||||||||
Lepus californicus
Gray 1837
|
Pettus 1956 | |||||||||
see Pettus 1956 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Mephitidae
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Mephitis sp.
Cuvier 1800
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Sellards 1941 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Felidae
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Dinobastis serus
Cope 1893
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Sellards 1941 | |||||||||
synonym of Homotherium latidens | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Canidae
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Aenocyon sp.
Merriam 1918
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Milstead 1956 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Bovidae
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Bison sp.
Hamilton-Smith 1827
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Milstead 1956 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Tayassuidae
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Mylohyus sp.
Cope 1869
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Martin 1968 | |||||||||
see Lundelius 1960 | ||||||||||
= Mylohyus nasutus
Leidy 1868
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Rawn-Schatzinger 1983 | |||||||||
see common names |
Geography
Country: | United States | State/province: | Texas | County: | Bexar |
Coordinates: | 29.0° North, 98.5° West (view map) | ||||
Paleocoordinates: | 29.0° North, 98.5° West | ||||
Basis of coordinate: | based on nearby landmark | ||||
Geographic resolution: | small collection |
Time
Period: | Quaternary | Epoch: | Pleistocene |
Stage: | Late/Upper Pleistocene | 10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 6 |
Key time interval: | Late/Upper Pleistocene | ||
Age range of interval: | 0.12900 - 0.01170 m.y. ago |
Stratigraphy
Stratigraphic resolution: | bed | ||||
Stratigraphy comments: "More than 90 percent of all the fossil material found in place came from... Zone 3 where it was the most abundant element of the fauna... Fossil material... was also abundant in Zone 4, the channel fill. This material, however, was largely or entirely reworked from the underlying Zones 2 and 3, and was generally in broken condition... the deposit should be referred to one or more stages of the Wisconsin in the late Pleistocene" |
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: | planar lamination carbonaceous claystone |
Lithology description: "Zone 3 consists of banded clays ranging in color from deep blue-gray near the central part of the cave to mottled reddish brown near the walls. Characteristic of this zone are broad, dark bands of carbonaceous material which extend through its entire thickness" | |
Environment: | cave |
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation: | body |
Size of fossils: | macrofossils,mesofossils |
Temporal resolution: | time-averaged |
Spatial resolution: | autochthonous |
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods: | surface (in situ),field collection,survey of museum collection | ||
Reason for describing collection: | taxonomic analysis | ||
Museum repositories: | TMM | ||
Collectors: | W. Strain | Collection dates: | 1936, 1949, 1951 |
Taxonomic list comments:new TMM material, not the same as older material described by Hay (1921) and others |
Metadata
Also known as: | Bulverde Cave, Friesenhan, TMM 30733 | ||
Database number: | 79632 | ||
Authorizer: | J. Alroy, E. Vlachos, M. Carrano | Enterer: | J. Alroy, E. Vlachos, M. Carrano |
Modifier: | M. Carrano | Research group: | vertebrate |
Created: | 2008-03-16 11:42:34 | Last modified: | 2020-01-16 15:51:11 |
Access level: | the public | Released: | 2008-03-16 11:42:34 |
Creative Commons license: | CC BY |
Reference information
Primary reference:
41113. | O. P. Hay. 1920. Descriptions of some Pleistocene vertebrates found in the United States. Proceedings of The United States National Museum 58:83-146 [M. Uhen/M. Shalap/J. Marcot] |
Secondary references:
26752 | R. A. Martin. 1968. Further study of the Friesenhahn Cave Peromyscus. Southwestern Naturalist 13(3):253-266 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy] | |
26750 | J. S. Mecham. 1958. Some Pleistocene amphibians and reptiles from Friesenhahn Cave, Texas. Southwestern Naturalist 3(1/4):17-27 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy] | |
26749 | W. W. Milstead. 1956. Fossil turtles of Friesenhahn Cave, Texas, with the description of a new species of Testudo. Copeia 1956(3):162-171 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy] | |
26751 | D. Pettus. 1956. Fossil rabbits (Lagomorpha) of the Friesenhahn Cave deposit, Texas. Southwestern Naturalist 1(3):109-115 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy] | |
2839 | V. Rawn-Schatzinger. 1983. Development and eruption sequence of deciduous and permanent teeth in the saber-tooth cat Homotherium serum Cope. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 3(1):49-57 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy] | |
71494 | E. H. Sellards. 1941. Final report covering the period from March 4, 1939 ro September 30, 1941 for the state-wide paleontologic-mineralogic survey in Texas. A Federal Works Agency Work Projects Administration Project iii-85 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |