Camelot: Irvingtonian, South Carolina
collected by M. J. Kohn, V. McCollum

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
unclassified
Legus sp.
Fields 2010
Mammalia - Didelphimorphia
Didelphis virginiana Kerr 1792
Albright et al. 2019
Mammalia - Megalonychidae
Megalonyx sp. Harlan 1825
Fields 2010
Megalonyx jeffersonii (Desmarest 1822)
spelt "Megalonyx jeffersoni"
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae
Equus sp. Linnaeus 1758
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Tapiridae
Tapirus veroensis Sellards 1918
recombined as Tapirus (Helicotapirus) veroensis
Mammalia - Cervidae
Odocoileus virginianus (Zimmermann 1780)
Mammalia - Camelidae
Palaeolama mirifica (Simpson 1929)
spelt "Paleolama mirifica"
Hemiauchenia macrocephala (Cope 1893)
Mammalia - Carnivora - Felidae
Miracinonyx inexpectatus (Cope 1895)
Smilodon fatalis (Leidy 1868)
Mammalia - Carnivora - Canidae
Canis ambrusteri
Albright et al. 2019
Canis dirus Leidy 1858
Sanders 2002
    = Canis armbrusteri Gidley 1913
Kohn et al. 2005
Mammalia - Rodentia - Cricetidae
Sigmodon bakeri Martin 1974
Reptilia - Testudines - Testudinidae
Hesperotestudo indet. (Williams 1950)
said to be new
Chlorophyceae
Pediastrum indet. Meyen 1829
Beaty et al. 2007
freshwater aquatic plant
Angiospermae - Fagales - Juglandaceae
Carya indet. Nuttall 1818
Beaty et al. 2007
microspore
Angiospermae - Fagales - Fagaceae
Quercus indet. Linnaeus 1753
Beaty et al. 2007
microspore
Angiospermae - Fagales - Betulaceae
Corylus indet. Linnaeus 1753
Beaty et al. 2007
microspore
Angiospermae - Saxifragales - Haloragaceae
Myriophyllum indet. Linnaeus 1753
Beaty et al. 2007
freshwater aquatic plant
Angiospermae - Saxifragales - Hamamelidaceae
Liquidambar indet. Linnaeus 1753
Beaty et al. 2007
microspore
Angiospermae - Nymphaeales - Nymphaeaceae
Nuphar indet. Smith 1809
Beaty et al. 2007
freshwater aquatic plant
Coniferales - Cupressaceae
Taxodium indet. Richard 1810
Beaty et al. 2007
plant debris
Pinopsida - Pinales - Pinaceae
Pinus indet. Linnaeus 1753
Beaty et al. 2007
microspore
Sphagnaceae
Sphagnum indet. Linnaeus 1753
Beaty et al. 2007
plant debris
see common names

Geography
Country:United States State/province:South Carolina County:Dorchester
Coordinates: 33.2° North, 80.4° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:33.2° North, 80.2° West
Basis of coordinate:based on nearby landmark
Geographic resolution:small collection
Time
Period:Quaternary Epoch:Pleistocene
10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 6
Key time interval:Irvingtonian
Age range of interval:1.40000 - 0.21000 m.y. ago
Stratigraphy
Stratigraphy comments: said to be Wisconsinan by Sanders, but "late Irvingtonian (ca. 400 ka)" by Kohn et al.
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: gravel
Lithology description: "fluvial gravel deposits overlying Eocene limestone" (Kohn et al. 2005)
Environment:fluvial indet.
Geology comments: fissure fill based on Sanders (2002) but fluvial based on Kohn et al. (2002)
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body,original phosphate
Size of fossils:macrofossils,mesofossils
Disassociated major elements:all
Collection methods and comments
Collection excludes:some macrofossils,some microfossils
Collection methods:selective quarrying,field collection
Reason for describing collection:general faunal/floral analysis
Collectors:M. J. Kohn, V. McCollum
Taxonomic list comments:there is a small chance that Sanders' Canis dirus is from a different stratum than Kohn et al.'s Irvingtonian fauna, but both are from the Giant (Portland) Cement Quarry
Metadata
Also known as:Giant Portland Cement Quarry, Pleistocene
Database number:79919
Authorizer:M. Uhen, J. Alroy Enterer:M. Uhen, E. Velasquez , J. Benefield, J. Alroy
Modifier:M. Uhen Research group:marine invertebrate,vertebrate
Created:2008-03-26 16:15:38 Last modified:2019-12-09 18:31:31
Access level:the public Released:2008-03-26 16:15:38
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
31468. M. J. Kohn, M. P. McKay, and J. L. Knight. 2005. Dining in the Pleistocene -- who's on the menu?. Geology 33(8):649-652 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]

Secondary references:

71195 L. B. Albright, A. E. Sanders, R. E. Weems, D. J. Cicimurri, and J. L. Knight. 2019. Cenozoic vertebrate biostratigraphy of South Carolina, U.S.A. and additions to the fauna. Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History 57(2):77-236 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
48404 M. C. Beaty, A. C. Gohen, and R. H. Willoughby. 2007. Paleoecology and depositional environments of a middle Pleistocene (?) vertebrate fossil locality in Harleyville, SC. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs 39(2):96 [M. Uhen/J. Benefield]
63802 S. E. Fields. 2010. The ground sloth Megalonyx. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society 100(4):59-73 [M. Uhen/E. Velasquez /M. Uhen]
26822 A. E. Sanders. 2002. Additions to the Pleistocene Mammal Faunas of South Carolina, North Carolina, and Georgia. American Philosophical Society 1-152 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]