Vurpar (Vp): Early/Lower Maastrichtian, Romania
collected by F. Nopcsa, V. Codrea

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Reptilia
Theropoda indet. (Marsh 1881)
Brusatte et al. 2013
Aves indet. (Linnaeus 1758)
Brusatte et al. 2013
Magyarosaurus dacus (Nopcsa 1915)
Delfino et al. 2008
Reptilia - Rhabdodontidae
Zalmoxes robustus (Nopcsa 1900)
Delfino et al. 2008 3 individuals
UBB VP-71
    = Zalmoxes sp. Weishampel et al. 2003
Brusatte et al. 2013
3 partial skeletons, teeth, fragmentary axial and appendicular elements
Zalmoxes shqiperorum n. sp. Weishampel et al. 2003
Delfino et al. 2008 1 individual
"individual I"; BMNH R.4900
Reptilia
Telmatosaurus transsylvanicus (Nopcsa 1900)
Delfino et al. 2008
Reptilia - Nodosauridae
cf. Struthiosaurus sp. Bunzel 1870
Botfalvai et al. 2021 3 specimens
UBB VP-12, 16, 17
Struthiosaurus transylvanicus Nopcsa 1915
Delfino et al. 2008 1 specimen
UBB VP-26
Reptilia
Allodaposuchus sp. Nopcsa 1928
Codrea et al. 2010
    = Allodaposuchus precedens Nopcsa 1928
Brusatte et al. 2013
Reptilia - Testudines - Dortokidae
Codrea et al. 2010
    = "Muehlbachia" nopcsai Vremir and Codrea 2009
Brusatte et al. 2013
    = Dortokidae indet. Lapparent de Broin and Murelaga 1996
Rabi et al. 2013
gen. et sp. nov.
Reptilia
Kallokibotion bajazidi Nopcsa 1923
Delfino et al. 2008
    = Kallokibotion sp. Nopcsa 1923
Brusatte et al. 2013
see common names

Geography
Country:Romania State/province:Alba
Coordinates: 46.0° North, 23.5° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:33.1° North, 21.7° East
Basis of coordinate:estimated from map
Geographic resolution:small collection
Time
Period:Cretaceous Epoch:Late/Upper Cretaceous
Stage:Maastrichtian 10 m.y. bin:Cretaceous 8
Key time interval:Early/Lower Maastrichtian
Age range of interval:72.10000 - 66.00000 m.y. ago
Stratigraphy
Formation:Şard
Stratigraphic resolution:group of beds
Stratigraphy comments: basal sequence of formation; "Bozes strata" in Weishampel et al. 2003
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology:paleosol/pedogenic,brown,red mudstone
Secondary lithology:current ripples,yellow sandstone
Includes fossils?Y
Lithology description: "red and brown overbank mudstones and siltstones dominate, interbedded with a few lens-like beds of yellowish sand, sandstone and microconglomerate channel fills...Paleosols are common, with pedogenic processes indicated by root-marks or centimetre-sized carbonate nodular concentrations."
Environment:dry floodplain
Geology comments: "a well-drained, open, bushy-patchy savanna-like environment,...with a few ephemeral water-pools and riverbeds crossing the landscape."
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Size of fossils:macrofossils,mesofossils
Preservation of anatomical detail:good
Fragmentation:occasional
Spatial resolution:parautochthonous
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:surface (float),surface (in situ),field collection
Reason for describing collection:general faunal/floral analysis
Collectors:F. Nopcsa, V. Codrea
Metadata
Also known as:Metaliferi area, Borberek; Vurpăr
Database number:80858
Authorizer:M. Carrano, P. Mannion, P. Holroyd Enterer:M. Carrano, J. Tennant, P. Holroyd
Modifier:M. Carrano Research group:vertebrate
Created:2008-05-16 11:00:13 Last modified:2022-03-08 15:48:02
Access level:the public Released:2008-05-16 11:00:13
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
53032. B. F. Nopcsa. 1915. Die Siebenbürgischen Dinosaurier [Transylvanian dinosaurs]. Földtani Közlöny 45:320-321 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]

Secondary references:

86530 G. Botfalvai, E. Prondvai, and A. 2021. Living alone or moving in herds? A holistic approach highlights complexity in the social lifestyle of Cretaceous ankylosaurs. Cretaceous Research 118:104633 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
49557 S. Brusatte, M. Vremir, A. Watanabe, Z. Csiki-Sava, D. Naish, G. J. Dyke, G. M. Erickson and M. A. Norell. 2013. An infant ornithopod dinosaur tibia from the Late Cretaceous of Sebes, Romania. Terra Sebus. Acta Musei Sabesiensis 5:627-644 [P. Mannion/J. Tennant/M. Carrano]
37235 V. Codrea, M. Vremir, C. Jipa, P. Godefroit, Z. Csiki, T. Smith, and C. Farcas. 2010. More than just Nopcsa's Transylvanian dinosaurs: A look outside the Hateg Basin. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 293:391-405 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
80607 V. A. Codrea, O. Barbu, and C. Jipa-Murzea. 2010. Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) landvertebrate diversity in Alba District (Romania). Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 43(2):594-601 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
76092 Z. Csiki-Sava, M. Vremir, S. Vasile, S. L. Brusatte, G. Dyke, D. Naish, M. A. Norell and R. Totoianu. 2016. The East Side Story – The Transylvanian latest Cretaceous continental vertebrate record and its implications for understanding Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary events. Cretaceous Research 57:662-698 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]
56054 F. M. Dalla Vecchia. 2014. An overview of the latest Cretaceous hadrosauroid record in Europe. In D. A. Eberth & D. C. Evans (ed.), Hadrosaurs 268-297 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
27183ETE M. Delfino, V. Codrea, A. Folie, P. Dica, P. Godefroit and T. Smith. 2008. A complete skull of Allodaposuchus precedens Nopcsa, 1928 (Eusuchia) and a reassessment of the morphology of the taxon based on the Romanian remains. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 28(1):111-122 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
36651ETE D. Grigorescu. 2004. Vertebrate paleontology in Romania. Noesis 29:97-116 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
53031 B. F. Nopcsa. 1915. Erdélyi dinosaurusok [Transylvanian dinosaurs]. Földtani Közlöny 45:260-261 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
59665 M. Rabi, M. Vremir, and H. Tong. 2013. Preliminary Overview of Late Cretaceous Turtle Diversity in Eastern Central Europe (Austria, Hungary, and Romania). In D. B. Brinkman, P. A. Holroyd, and J. D. Gardner (eds.), Morphology and Evolution of Turtles 307-336 [P. Holroyd/P. Holroyd]
13939ETE D. B. Weishampel, C.-M. Jianu, Z. Csiki and D. B. Norman. 2003. Osteology and phylogeny of Zalmoxes (n. g.), an unusual euornithopod dinosaur from the latest Cretaceous of Romania. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 1(2):65-123 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]