Sutton, Suffolk [Red Crag]: Late/Upper Pliocene, United Kingdom
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Gastropoda
- Epitoniidae
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Scalaria trevelyana
Johnston 1841
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recombined as Epitonium trevelyana | ||||||||||
Scalaria groenlandica
(Perry 1811)
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recombined as Epitonium greenlandicum | ||||||||||
Gastropoda
- Eulimidae
|
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Eulima naumanni
von Könen 1867
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Wood 1879 | |||||||||
Gastropoda
- Potamididae
|
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Cerithium tricinctum
(Brocchi 1814)
|
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recombined as Potamides (Ptychopotamides) tricinctus | ||||||||||
Gastropoda
- Turritellidae
|
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Turritella communis
Risso 1826
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Turritella taurinensis
Michelotti 1847
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Wood 1879 | |||||||||
Turritella imbricataria
Lamarck 1804
|
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recombined as Haustator imbricataria | ||||||||||
Gastropoda
- Pseudomelaniidae
|
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Pleurotoma semicolon
Sowerby 1816
|
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recombined as Crassispira (Crassispira) semicolon | ||||||||||
Gastropoda
- Cassidae
|
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Cassidaria bicarinata
(Sowerby 1815)
|
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recombined as Galeodea bicatenata | ||||||||||
Gastropoda
- Triviidae
|
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Erato laevis
(Donovan 1799)
|
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= Erato britannica
Schilder 1933
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Fehse and Landau 2001 | |||||||||
Erato maugeriae
Gray 1832
|
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recombined as Archierato maugeriae | ||||||||||
Cypraea retusa
Sowerby 1823
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recombined as Trivia retusa | ||||||||||
Cypraea avellana
Sowerby 1823
|
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recombined as Niveria avellana | ||||||||||
Cypraea angliae
(Wood 1848)
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recombined as Niveria angliae | ||||||||||
Gastropoda
- Neogastropoda
- Cancellariidae
|
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Cancellaria subangulosa
Wood 1842
|
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Cancellaria costellifera
(Sowerby 1818)
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Gastropoda
- Neogastropoda
- Fasciolariidae
|
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Trophon costiferum
Wood 1848
|
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recombined as Buccinofusus costiferum | ||||||||||
Gastropoda
- Neogastropoda
- Buccinidae
|
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Nassa monensis
Forbes 1842
|
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Buccinum dalei
Sowerby 1825
|
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recombined as Liomesus dalei | ||||||||||
Buccinum undatum
Linnaeus 1758
|
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Trophon (Sipho) islandicus
(Mohr 1786)
|
Wood 1879 | |||||||||
recombined as Colus islandicus | ||||||||||
Gastropoda
- Neogastropoda
- Nassariidae
|
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Nassa labiosa
(Sowerby 1824)
|
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recombined as Amyclina labiosa | ||||||||||
Nassa prismatica
(Brocchi 1814)
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recombined as Nassarius prysmaticus | ||||||||||
Nassa consociata
Wood 1848
|
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recombined as Nassarius (Tritonella) consociatus | ||||||||||
Nassa incrassata
(Müller 1773)
|
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recombined as Nassarius incrassatus | ||||||||||
Nassa propinqua
(Sowerby 1824)
|
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recombined as Nassarius (Hinia) propinquus | ||||||||||
Nassa conglobata
(Brocchi 1814)
|
Wood 1879 | |||||||||
recombined as Demoulia conglobata | ||||||||||
Fusus intortus
Lamarck 1803
|
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COMMENTS: Reworked from London Clay (Eocene)? | ||||||||||
Fusus porrectus
(Solander 1766)
|
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COMMENTS: Reworked from London Clay (Eocene)? | ||||||||||
Gastropoda
- Neogastropoda
- Columbellidae
|
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Columbella sulcata
(Sowerby 1823)
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Columbella (Astyris) sulculata
Wood 1879
|
Wood 1879 | |||||||||
Gastropoda
- Neogastropoda
- Volutidae
|
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Cancellaria mitraeformis
(Lamarck 1811)
|
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recombined as Lyria mitraeformis | ||||||||||
Gastropoda
- Neogastropoda
- Muricidae
|
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Trophon alveolatum
(Sowerby 1826)
|
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Murex torturosus
Sowerby 1823
|
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Purpura tetragona
Sowerby 1825
|
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recombined as Spinucella tetragona | ||||||||||
Trophon scalariforme
(Gould 1841)
|
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synonym of Boreotrophon clathratus | ||||||||||
Gastropoda
- Neogastropoda
- Clavatulidae
|
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Clavatula costata
(Da Costa 1778)
|
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Clavatula plicifera
(Wood 1842)
|
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Clavatula mitrula
(Sowerby 1822)
|
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Clavatula linearis
(Montagu 1803)
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Gastropoda
- Neogastropoda
- Terebridae
|
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Terebra inversa
Nyst 1843
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Gastropoda
- Neogastropoda
- Conidae
|
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Clavatula turricula
(Montagu 1803)
|
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recombined as Propebela turricula | ||||||||||
Clavatula trevelliana
(Turton 1834)
|
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synonym of Curtitoma reticulata | ||||||||||
Gastropoda
- Neogastropoda
- Mangeliidae
|
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Clavatula nebula
(Montagu 1803)
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recombined as Mangelia nebula | ||||||||||
Gastropoda
- Neogastropoda
- Turridae
|
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Pleurotoma senilis
Wood 1877
|
Wood 1879 | |||||||||
Pleurotoma turricula
(Montagu 1803)
|
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Pleurotoma intorta
(Brocchi 1814)
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Gastropoda
- Neogastropoda
- Drilliidae
|
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Pleurotoma carinata
(Bivonae in Philip 1844)
|
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synonym of Spirotropis confusa | ||||||||||
Gastropoda
- Aporrhaidae
|
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Aporrhais pespelicani
(Linnaeus 1758)
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recombined as Aporrhais pespelecani | ||||||||||
Gastropoda
- Strombidae
|
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Rostellaria plurimacosta
Wood 1848
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Gastropoda
- Heterostropha
- Pyramidellidae
|
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Chemnitzia internodula
Wood 1848
|
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recombined as Turbonilla (Pyrgolidium) internodula | ||||||||||
Gastropoda
- Heterostropha
- Ringiculidae
|
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Ringicula buccinea
(Sowerby 1823)
|
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Ringicula ventricosa
(Sowerby 1823)
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Bivalvia
- Nuculanida
- Nuculanidae
|
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Leda caudata
(Donovan 1802)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Bivalvia
- Nuculanida
- Yoldiidae
|
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Leda myalis
(Couthouy 1838)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Yoldia (Yoldia) myalis | ||||||||||
Bivalvia
- Nuculida
- Nuculidae
|
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Nucula nucleus
(Linnaeus 1758)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Nucula (Nucula) nucleus | ||||||||||
Nucula cobboldiae
(Linnaeus 1767)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Acila (Truncacila) cobboldae | ||||||||||
Bivalvia
- Hiatellida
- Hiatellidae
|
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Glycimeris angusta
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
original and current combination Glycymeris | ||||||||||
Saxicava arctica
(Linnaeus 1767)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Hiatella arctica | ||||||||||
Saxicava rugosa
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
synonym of Hiatella | ||||||||||
Panopea norvegica
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Panopea faujasii
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Bivalvia
- Solenida
- Pharidae
|
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Cultellus tenuis
(Philippi 1836)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Solen gladiolus
Gray 1839
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
synonym of Ensis macha | ||||||||||
Bivalvia
- Solenida
- Solenidae
|
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Solen ensis
Linnaeus 1767
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Solen siliqua
Linnaeus 1767
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Bivalvia
- Pholadida
- Teredinidae
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Teredo norvagica
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Bivalvia
- Pholadida
- Pholadidae
|
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Pholas cylindrica
Sowerby 1818
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Barnea (Barnea) cylindrica | ||||||||||
Pholas crispata
(Linnaeus 1758)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Zirfaea crispata | ||||||||||
Bivalvia
- Pholadida
- Corbulidae
|
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Corbula complanata
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Corbula striata
Lamarck 1801
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Caryocorbula striata | ||||||||||
Bivalvia
- Pholadida
- Myidae
|
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Mya truncata
Linnaeus 1758
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Mya (Mya) truncata | ||||||||||
Mya arenaria
Linnaeus 1758
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Mya (Arenomya) arenaria | ||||||||||
Bivalvia
- Cardiida
- Galeommatidae
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Kellia ambigua
(Nyst and Westendorp 1839)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Laseina ambigua | ||||||||||
Bivalvia
- Cardiida
- Arcticidae
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Cyprina rustica
(Sowerby 1818)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Pygocardia rustica | ||||||||||
Cyprina islandica
(Linnaeus 1767)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Arctica islandica | ||||||||||
Bivalvia
- Cardiida
- Chamidae
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Chama gryphoides
Linnaeus 1758
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Bivalvia
- Cardiida
- Ungulinidae
|
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Diplodonta astartea
(Nyst 1835)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Diplodonta rotundata
(Montagu 1803)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Diplodonta (Diplodonta) rotundata | ||||||||||
Diplodonta dilatata
Wood 1840
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Bivalvia
- Cardiida
- Glossidae
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Isocardia cor
(Linnaeus 1767)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Bivalvia
- Cardiida
- Veneridae
|
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Cytherea rudis
(Poli 1795)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Pitar (Pitar) rudis | ||||||||||
Tapes virginea
(Linnaeus 1767)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Venus fasciata
(da Costa 1778)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Clausinella fasciata | ||||||||||
Venus imbricata
(Sowerby 1826)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Timoclea imbricata | ||||||||||
Venus ovata
Pennant 1777
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Timoclea ovata | ||||||||||
Artemis lentiformis
(Sowerby 1818)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Circe minima
(Montagu 1803)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Gouldia (Gouldia) minima | ||||||||||
Lucinopsis lajonkairii
(Payraudeau 1826)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Bivalvia
- Cardiida
- Mesodesmatidae
|
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Mactra deaurata
Turton 1822
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Mesodesma deauratum | ||||||||||
Bivalvia
- Cardiida
- Mactridae
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Mactra arcuata
Sowerby 1817
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Spisula arcuata | ||||||||||
Mactra subtruncata
(da Costa 1778)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Spisula subtruncata | ||||||||||
Mactra obtruncata
Wood 1850
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Spisula obtruncata | ||||||||||
Trigonella plana
da Costa 1778
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Mactra truncata
Montague 1808
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Mactra stultorum
(Linnaeus 1758)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Mactra constricta n. sp.
Wood 1850
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Mactra solida
Linnaeus 1758
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Mactra ovalis
Sowerby 1817
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Lutraria lutraria
(Linnaeus 1767)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Bivalvia
- Cardiida
- Kelliidae
|
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Lepton deltoideum
(Wood 1840)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Bornia (Bornia) deltoidea | ||||||||||
Bivalvia
- Cardiida
- Tellinidae
|
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Tellina obliqua
Sowerby 1817
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Macoma (Macoma) obliqua | ||||||||||
Tellina praetenuis
Leathes in Woodward 1830
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Macoma (Macoma) praetenuis | ||||||||||
Tellina benedenii
Nsyt and Westendorp 1839
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Tellina lata
Gmelin 1788
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Gastrana laminosa
(Sowerby 1827)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Tellina crassa
Pennant 1777
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Arcopagia (Arcopagia) crassa | ||||||||||
Bivalvia
- Cardiida
- Donacidae
|
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Donax trunculus
Linnaeus 1758
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Bivalvia
- Cardiida
- Semelidae
|
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Abra alba
(Wood 1802)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Abra obovalis
(Wood 1840)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Bivalvia
- Cardiida
- Cardiidae
|
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Cardium nodosum
Montague 1803
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Cardium venustum
Wood 1840
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Cardium nodosulum
Wood 1840
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Cardium angustatum
Sowerby 1821
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Cardium interruptum
Wood 1850
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Cardium parkinsoni
Sowerby 1814
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Laevicardium (Dinocardium) parkinsoni | ||||||||||
Cardium echinatum
Linnaeus 1767
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Acanthocardia (Acanthocardia) echinata | ||||||||||
Cardium groenlandicum
Mohr 1786
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Serripes (Serripes) groenlandicus | ||||||||||
Bivalvia
- Cardiida
- Gastrochaenidae
|
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Gastrochaena dubia
(Pennant 1777)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Gastrochaena (Rocellaria) dubia | ||||||||||
Bivalvia
- Lucinida
- Lucinidae
|
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Loripes divaricata
(Linnaeus 1758)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Lucinella divaricata | ||||||||||
Bivalvia
- Carditida
- Carditidae
|
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Cardita orbicularis
(Sowerby 1825)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Cardita scalaris
(Sowerby 1825)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Cardita senilis
(Lamarck 1805)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Cardita chamaeformis
(Sowerby 1825)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Bivalvia
- Carditida
- Astartidae
|
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Astarte mutabilis
Wood 1840
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Astarte gracilis
Golfuss 1837
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Astarte sulcata
(Da Costa 1778)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Astarte compressa
(Montague 1808)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Astarte crebrilirata
Wood 1850
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Astarte digitaria
(Linnaeus 1767)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Astarte incrassata
(Brocchi 1814)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Astarte basterotii
De la Jonkaire 1823
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Isocrassina basteroti | ||||||||||
Astarte obliquata
Sowerby 1817
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Astarte (Digitariopsis) obliquata | ||||||||||
Astarte burtinii
De la Jonkaire 1823
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Astarte (Digitariopsis) obliquata burtinea | ||||||||||
Bivalvia
- Mytilida
- Mytilidae
|
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Mytilus edulis
Linnaeus 1758
|
Wood 1879 | |||||||||
SUBSPECIES: Mytilus edulis galloprovincialis | ||||||||||
Modiola modiolus
(Linnaeus 1758)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Modiolus (Modiolus) modiolus | ||||||||||
Bivalvia
- Pectinida
- Pectinidae
|
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Pecten tigrinus
Müller 1776
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Palliolum tigrinum | ||||||||||
Pecten pusio
(Linnaeus 1758)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Talochlamys pusio | ||||||||||
Pecten maximus
(Linnaeus 1758)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Pecten maxima | ||||||||||
Pecten gracilis
Sowerby 1825
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
synonym of Aequipecten opercularis | ||||||||||
Pecten dubius
(Gmelin 1791)
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
synonym of Aequipecten opercularis | ||||||||||
Bivalvia
- Pectinida
- Anomiidae
|
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Anomia patelliformis
Linnaeus 1773
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Pododesmus patelliformis | ||||||||||
Bivalvia
- Ostreida
- Ostreidae
|
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Ostrea princeps
Wood 1850
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Bivalvia
- Arcida
- Arcidae
|
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Arca lactea
Linnaeus 1767
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
Bivalvia
- Arcida
- Cucullaeidae
|
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Arca tetragona
Poli 1795
|
Wood 1850 | |||||||||
recombined as Tetrarca tetragona | ||||||||||
see common names |
Geography
Country: | United Kingdom | State/province: | England | County: | Suffolk |
Coordinates: | 52.8° North, 1.5° East (view map) | ||||
Paleocoordinates: | 52.8° North, 1.2° East | ||||
Basis of coordinate: | based on nearby landmark | ||||
Geographic resolution: | outcrop |
Time
Period: | Neogene | Epoch: | Pliocene |
Stage: | Piacenzian | 10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 6 |
Key time interval: | Late/Upper Pliocene | ||
Age range of interval: | 3.60000 - 2.58000 m.y. ago |
Stratigraphy
Formation: | Red Crag | ||||
Stratigraphic resolution: | bed | ||||
Stratigraphy comments: STRATIGRAPHIC RELATIONS: From the Red Crag, which is regionally overlies the Coralline Crag. AGE: Late Pliocene, according to Rayner, 1981 on the basis of foraminiferal and palynological biostratigraphy. STRATIGRAPHIC POSITION: From unknown position within formation. |
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: | unlithified "siliciclastic" |
Includes fossils? | Y |
Lithology description: SPECIFIC LITHOLOGY: Not stated in text, but siliciclastic based on observation of specimens. LITHIFICATION: Unlithified, based on observation and figured specimens. | |
Environment: | coastal indet. |
Geology comments: ENVIRONMENT: Shallow marine siliciclastic. |
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation: | body,original aragonite,original calcite |
Size of fossils: | macrofossils |
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods: | field collection |
Reason for describing collection: | taxonomic analysis |
Collection method comments: COLLECTOR: Not stated, but probably Stearns Wood, c. 1840's-1870's. REPOSITORY: Not stated in text. | |
Taxonomic list comments:COVERAGE: Exhaustive for mollusca. Other volumes when entered will include bryozoa, brachiopoda, and anthozoa. NOMENCLATURE: Authoritative publication, but with antiquated nomenclature, which is revised where possible through more recent sources. |
Metadata
Database number: | 84759 | ||
Authorizer: | A. Hendy, P. Wagner | Enterer: | A. Hendy, P. Wagner |
Modifier: | A. Hendy | Research group: | marine invertebrate |
Created: | 2008-11-10 17:00:06 | Last modified: | 2013-11-25 13:37:23 |
Access level: | the public | Released: | 2008-11-10 17:00:06 |
Creative Commons license: | CC BY |
Reference information
Primary reference:
28450. | S. V. Wood. 1848. A monograph of the Crag Mollusca or, descriptions of shells from the middle and upper Tertiaries of the East of England. Part 1. Univalves 1-208 [A. Hendy/A. Hendy/A. Hendy] |
Secondary references:
59016 | D. Fehse and B. Landau. 2001. Contributions to eratoid systematics Mollusca, Gastropoda , 2. Late Miocene Eratoidae from Sceaux d' Anjou Loire Basin, France , with descriptions of new taxa. Cainozoic Research 1(1-2):91-110 [P. Wagner/P. Wagner] | |
29100 | S. V. Wood. 1850. A monograph of the Crag Mollusca, or, descriptions of shells from the middle and upper tertiaries of the East of England. Part II. Bivalves 1-302 [A. Hendy/A. Hendy/S. Ávila] | |
28443 | S. V. Wood. 1879. Monograph of the Crag Mollusca with descriptions of shells from the upper tertiaries of the east of England 4:1-58 [A. Hendy/A. Hendy] |